hamburg Country: Germany Government • First Mayor Olaf Scholz (SPD) • Governing party SPD • Votes in Bundesrat 3 (of 69) Area • City 755 km 2 (292 sq mi) Population (2012 -03 -31)[1] • City 1, 802, 041 • Density 2, 400/km 2 (6, 200/sq mi) • Metro 5, 000 Time zone CET (UTC+1) • Summer (DST) CEST (UTC+2) Postal code(s) 20001– 21149, 22001– 22769 Area code(s) 040
history The first historic name for the city was, according to Claudius Ptolemy's reports, Treva. Two years later, Hamburg was united with Bremen as the bishopric of Hamburg-Bremen. In 1529, the city embraced Lutheranism, and Hamburg subsequently received Protestant refugees from the Netherlands and France and, in the 17 th century, Sephardi Jews from Portugal. Hamburg was destroyed and occupied several times. In 845, a fleet of 600 Viking ships sailed up the River Elbe and destroyed Hamburg which, at that time, was a town of around 500 inhabitants. In 1030, the city was burned down by King Mieszko II Lambert of Poland. The Black Death killed at least 60% of Hamburg's population in 1350 In 1842, about a quarter of the inner city was destroyed in the "Great Fire". It destroyed three churches, the town hall, and many other buildings, killing 51 people and leaving an estimated 20, 000 homeless. Reconstruction took more than 40 year.
second world war During World War II, Hamburg suffered a series of Allied air raids, which devastated much of the inhabited city as well as harbour areas. On 23 July 1943, a firestorm developed as a result of Allied firebombing and, spreading from the Hauptbahnhof (central station) and quickly moving south-east, completely destroyed entire boroughs, such as Hammerbrook, Billbrook or Hamm-south. As a result, these densely populated working-class boroughs underwent a dramatic demographic change as thousands of people perished in the flames. About 1 million civilians were evacuated in the aftermath of the raids. Not fewer than another 42, 900 people are thought to have perished in the Neuengamme concentration camp. Hamburg after the 1943 bombing Heiligengeistfeld in Hamburg Flakturm on the
Government Since 1897, the seat of the government has been the Hamburg Rathaus, with the office of the mayor, the meeting room for the Senate and the floor for the Hamburg Parliament. [27] From 2001 until 2010, the mayor of Hamburg was Ole von Beust, [28] who governed in. Germany's first state-wide "black-green" coalition, consisting of the conservative CDU and the alternative GAL, which are Hamburg's regional wing of the Alliance '90/ The Greens party. Von Beust was briefly succeeded by Christoph Ahlhaus in 2010, but the coalition broke apart on November, 28. 2010. [30] On 7 March 2011 Olaf Scholz (SPD) became mayor. Hamburg City Hall (front view)
boroughs. There also 181 localities (German: Ortsteile). The Hamburg is made up of 7 boroughs. last large annexation was done through the Greater Hamburg Act of 1937, when the cities Altona, Harburg and Wandsbek were merged into the state of Hamburg. The Act of the Constitution and Administration of Hanseatic city of Hamburg established Hamburg as a state and a municipality. Some of the boroughs and quarters have been rearranged several times over the years. Each borough is governed by a Borough Council (German: Bezirksversammlung) and administered by a Municipal Administrator (German: Bezirksamtsleiter). The boroughs of Hamburg are not independent municipalities. The power of borough governments is limited and subordinate to the Senate of Hamburg. The borough administrator is elected by the Borough Council and thereafter requires confirmation and appointment by Hamburg's Senate. The quarters have no governing bodies of their own. In 2008, the boroughs of Hamburg were Altona, Bergedorf, Eimsbüttel, Hamburg-Mitte, Hamburg-Nord, Harburg and Wandsbek.
Altona is the westernmost urban borough on the right bank of the Elbe river. From 1640 to 1864, Altona was under the administration of the Danish monarchy. Altona was an independent city until 1937. Bergedorf consists of the quarters Allermöhe, Altengamme, Bergedorf—the centre of the former independent town, Billwerder, Kirchwerder, Lohbrügge, Neuengamme, Neuallermöhe, Ochsenwerder and Tatenberg. Eimsbüttel is split into nine quarters: Eidelstedt, Eimsbüttel, Harvestehude, Hoheluft-West, Lokstedt, Schnelsen and Stellingen. Located within this borough is former Jewish neighbourhood Grindel. Hamburg-Mitte covers mostly the urban centre of the city of Hamburg and consists of the quarters Billbrook, Finkenwerder, Hafen. City, Hammerbrook, Neuwerk, Rothenburgsort, St. Georg Steinwerder, Veddel, Waltershof and Wilhelmsburg. Hamburg-Nord contains the quarters Alsterdorf, Barmbek-Nord, Barmbek-Süd, Dulsberg, Eppendorf, Fuhlsbüttel, Hohenfelde, Langenhorn, Ohlsdorf, Uhlenhorst and Winterhude. Harburg lies on the southern shores of the river Elbe and covers parts of the port of Hamburg, residential and rural areas, and some research institutes. The quarters are Altenwerder, Neuenfelde, Neugraben-Fischbek, Neuland, Rönneburg, Sinstorf and Wilstorf. Wandsbek is divided into the quarters Bergstedt, Bramfeld, Duvenstedt, Eilbek, Farmsen-Berne, Poppenbüttel, Tonndorf, Volksdorf, Wandsbek, Wellingsbüttel and Wohldorf-Ohlstedt.
Boroughs of Hamburg The part of the North Sea in this aerial picture is called the Hamburg Wadden Sea National Park and belongs administratively to the borough of Hamburg-Mitte. Some 39 people live here on the island Neuwerk (visible just above the centre).
a panoramic view of the hamburg skyline of the binnenalster taken from lombardsbrücke.
architecture St. Michaelis Church on the € 2 coin 2008 Hamburg has architecturally significant buildings in a wide range of styles and only a few skyscrapers. Churches are important landmarks, such as St. Nicholas's church, which for a short time in the 19 th century was the world's tallest building. The skyline of Hamburg features the tall spires of the most important churches (Hauptkirchen) St. Michael's Church (nicknamed “Michel"), St. Peter's Church, St. James's (St. Jacobi) and St. Catherine's Church covered with copper plates, and of course the Heinrich-Hertz-Turm, the radio and television tower (no longer publicly accessible).
Europe's largest inner-city development (as of 2008), the Hafen. City, will house about 10, 000 inhabitants and 15, 000 workers. The plan includes designs by Rem Koolhaas and Renzo Piano. The Elbe Philharmonic Hall (Elbphilharmonie), expected to be completed by 2015, will house concerts in a building on top of an old warehouse, designed by the Swiss firm Herzog & de Meuron. [39][40] The many parks of Hamburg are distributed over the whole city, which makes Hamburg a very verdant city. The biggest parks are the Stadtpark, the Ohlsdorf Cemetery and Planten un Blomen. The Stadtpark, Hamburg's "Central Park", has a great lawn and a huge water tower, which houses one of Europe's biggest planetaria. The park and its buildings were designed by Fritz Schumacher in the 1910 s.
theatres The state-owned Deutsches Schauspielhaus, the Thalia Theatre, "Ohnsorg Theatre", "Schmidts Tivoli" and the Kampnagel are well-known theatres in Germany and abroad. [42] The English Theatre of Hamburg[43] near U 3 Mundsburg station was established in 1976 and is the oldest professional English-speaking theatre in Germany, and has exclusively English native-speaking actors in its company. Deutsches Schauspielhaus in the quarter St. Georg. The English Theatre
festivals and regular events Hamburg is noted for several festivals and regular events. Some of them are street festivals, such as the gay pride Christopher Street Day festival or the Alster fair, held at the Binnenalster. The biker's service in Saint Michael's Church attracts tens of thousands of bikers. Christmas markets in December are held at the Hamburg Rathaus square, among other places. The long night of museums offers one entrance fee for about 40 museums until midnight. The sixth Festival of Cultures was held in September 2008, celebrating multi-cultural life. The Filmfest Hamburg — a film festival originating from the 1950 s Film Days (German: Film Tage) — presents a wide range of films. The Regular sports events—some open to pro and amateur participants—are the cycling competition Vattenfall Cyclassics, the Hamburg Marathon, the biggest marathon in Germany after Berlin, the tennis tournament Hamburg Masters and equestrian events like the Deutsches Derby. Since 2007, Hamburg has the Dockville music and art festival. It takes place every year in summer in Wilhelmsburg.
tourism Hamburg has one of the fastest-growing tourism industries in Germany. A typical Hamburg visit includes a tour of the city hall and the grand church St. Michaelis and visiting the old warehouse district (Speicherstadt) and the harbour promenade (Landungsbrücken). . As Hamburg is one of the world's largest harbours many visitors take one of the harbour and/or canal boat tours (Große Hafenrundfahrt, Fleetfahrt) which start from the Landungsbrücken. Major destinations also include museums. Many visitors take a walk in the evening around the area of Reeperbahn in the quarter St. Pauli, Europe's largest red light district needed] and home of strip clubs, brothels, bars and nightclubs. Others prefer the laid-back neighbourhood Schanze with its street cafés, or a barbecue on one of the beaches along the river Elbe. Hamburg's famous zoo, the Tierpark Hagenbeck, was founded in 1907 by Carl Hagenbeck as the first zoo with moated, barless enclosures. The majority of visitors come from Germany. The largest group from outside Europe comes from the United States (129, 000 overnight stays)
warehouse district in 1873
warehouse district
![economy The 2007 gross domestic product (GDP) totaled € 88. 9 billion. [80] The](https://present5.com/presentation/80599774_134781969/image-16.jpg "economy The 2007 gross domestic product (GDP) totaled € 88. 9 billion. [80] The")
economy The 2007 gross domestic product (GDP) totaled € 88. 9 billion. [80] The city has the highest GDP in Germany – € 50, 000 per capita – and a relatively high employment rate, at 88 percent of the working-age population, employed in over 120, 000 businesses. [81] In 2007, the average income of employees was € 30, 937. Hamburg Stock Exchange
transport Hamburg is a major transportation hub in Germany. Hamburg is connected to four Autobahnen (motorways) and is the most important railway junction on the route to Scandinavia. Bridges and tunnels connect the northern and southern parts of the city, such as the old Elbe Tunnel (Alter Elbtunnel) now a major tourist sight, and the Elbe Tunnel (Elbtunnel) the crossing of a motorway. [94] Hamburg Airport is the oldest airport in Germany still in operation. [95][96] There is also the smaller Hamburg Finkenwerder Airport, used only as a company airport for Airbus. Some airlines market Lübeck Airport in Lübeck as serving Hamburg. [97] Hamburg's license plate prefix has been and is again "HH" (Hansestadt Hamburg, English: Hanseatic city of Hamburg) between 1906 and 1945 and again since 1956, rather than just the single-letter normally used for large cities since the federal registration reform in 1956, such as B for Berlin or M for Munich. The prefix "H" is used instead by Hanover since 1956. However, "H" was Hamburg's prefix in the years between 1945– 1947. [98]
the port of hamburg on the river elbe
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