Guidelines for Observer-Identification of Ethnicity and Race for Students in Grades PK-12 Ethnicity & Race - Observer Guidance - Feb 3, 2010 1
These materials are based on guidance from the federal government For additional information or guidance, please refer to: ◦ Managing an Identity Crisis, Forum Guide to Implementing New Federal Race and Ethnicity Categories Chapter 4, Page 28, Section 4. 3, Issue #3, Principle 2 – Observer. Identification http: //nces. ed. gov/pubs 2008/2008802. pdf ◦ Federal Register/Volume 72, No. 202/Friday, October 18, 2007, Notices. Page 59268, Item C. http: //edocket. access. gpo. gov/2007/pdf/E 720613. pdf Ethnicity & Race - Observer Guidance - Feb 3, 2010 2
Guidelines for Observer Identification of New Ethnicity and Race Codes Principle 1: Self-identification is Preferable to Observer Identification Self-Identification is based on how people define themselves and their children. Self-identification is the preferred way of selecting an individual's ethnicity and race, although a person is not required by law to make these selections. Self-identification allows individuals to assert their own ethnic and racial identity. Principal 2: Observer-identification is required as a last resort. The federal government requires the use of observer identification of students' ethnicity and race, as a last resort, if such information is not provided by parents or students. Parents who are reluctant to identify their children’s ethnicity and race should be informed that observer identification will be used if they refuse to self-identify. Follow-up steps if parents choose not to self-identify include reviewing the enrollment form with the parent at registration, sending a second letter, or making a phone call to the parents. Ethnicity & Race - Observer Guidance - Feb 3, 2010 3
All observers should be trained on the procedures for ethnic and race identification. A good practice is to designate one key person as the observer to select ethnicity and race on students' behalf, who can respond to questions about the observation process. This will also improve the quality of data collection. Observers should never tell parents or students how to classify themselves. Observers should try to stay within their own comfort zones, attempting visual identification if they are comfortable doing so. Supporting information, such as personal information from a teacher or knowledge about the community may be helpful. Rely first on existing information before you actually “observe” the ethnicity or race of the student, but check your sources of information for reliability. Observers should try to be consistent and objective, to the best of their ability. Ethnicity & Race - Observer Guidance - Feb 3, 2010 4
Ethnic and Race Categories For State Reporting QUESTION 1. Ethnicity – Regardless of race, individuals may select one or more from: Cuban, Dominican, Spanish, Mexican-American, Puerto Rican, or Central, South or Latin American, or other Hispanic/Latino origin; OR Not Hispanic/Latino. QUESTION 2. Race Categories – Individuals may select as many as apply: African American or Black -- A person having origins in any of the black racial groups of Africa. White -- A person having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, the Middle East, or North Africa. Asian Indian, Cambodian, Chinese, Filipino, Hmong, Indonesian, Japanese, Korean, Laotian, Malaysian, Pakistani, Singaporean, Taiwanese, Thai, Vietnamese, or other Asian origin. Native Hawaii, Fijian, Guamanian/ Chamorro, Mariana Islander, Melanesian, Micronesian, Samoan, Tongan, or other Pacific Islander origin. One or more of 28 federally-recognized Washington tribes; or other Washington Indian, or other American Indian. “Other American Indian” includes anyone having origins in any of the original people of North, Central, South, or Latin America. Ethnicity & Race - Observer Guidance - Feb 3, 2010 5
Self-identification is the best way to collect data, but that it is not always possible. Observers may use the examples below to help identify race on students’ behalf: May consider themselves, or be considered: Students whose families are from: Croatia, France, Italy, Greece, Norway, Russia, Serbia, Sweden, Ukraine, or other European countries White Afghanistan, Egypt, Israel, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, Yemen, or other Middle Eastern countries White Algeria, Egypt, Morocco, Tunisia, or other North African countries White Haiti, Jamaica, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Nigeria, Somalia, Sudan, or other West Indian or African countries Black Mongolia, Myanmar, Nepal, Punjab, Sri Lanka, or other Asian countries Other Asian The indigenous peoples of Australia, New Zealand, New Guinea or other Other Pacific Islands Islander The indigenous peoples of North, Central, South, or Latin America (those not choosing one of the federally-recognized state tribes) Other American Indian Ethnicity & Race - Observer Guidance - Feb 3, 2010 6
Questions that Parents May Have: Q: Why do you need this information? A: The demographics of our society have changed dramatically in the last few decades. This information will allow parents to describe their children more accurately. We use ethnic and race data to evaluate instructional needs, so we can provide the best education for all students. The federal government requires all states and school districts to use new categories for reporting ethnicity and race. We report this information for funding and evaluation, as well as for civil rights compliance. Q: Will this data be used to check my immigration status? A: No. This information will be kept in student records. It is not reported to any federal agency in a way that identifies you or your child. No one will check for immigration status from the information you give here. Q: Will the school district release my student's ethnicity and race to anyone else? A: Individual student records and privacy are protected by the Federal Education Records and Privacy Act (FERPA). The new ethnicity and race standards have no effect on FERPA's protection of student records. Q: I am Hispanic. Why do I have to answer more questions? A: Hispanic people can be of different races. We would like to provide Hispanic and Latino individuals a better way to describe themselves. So yes, you will be asked to select one or more races, even if you have indicated that you are Hispanic or Latino. Ethnicity & Race - Observer Guidance - Feb 3, 2010 7
Questions That Staff May Ask: Q: What should we do if an individual self-identifies as Hispanic/Latino, but does not answer the part of the question about race? A: The Federal requirement separates ethnicity and race. Correspondence and forms need to explain that these are two separate questions. Follow up for racial identification will be needed in many cases. As a last resort, an observer may fill in the information. Q: What should we do if we think that students are of a different ethnicity or race than they claim to be? A: You must accept the self-identification of ethnicity and race. Self-identification is a basic principle underlying these changes. For students who are under 18, parents or guardians select the ethnicity and race categories. If a parent refuses to identify the ethnicity or race of a student, but the student later volunteers this information, use the student’s self-identification. There may be situations where a student’s self-identification differs from the parent or guardian. Use the categories selected by the parent or guardian for the student record. Q: What should we do if parents refuse to self-identify using the new ethnicity and race categories? A: As a last resort, look for this information in existing student records. If these sources are not available, the observer may rely on visual observation for the purpose of selecting one or more ethnicity and one or more race categories. Ethnicity & Race - Observer Guidance - Feb 3, 2010 8
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