Growth-Management Planning Efforts to control the rate and or

Growth-Management Planning Efforts to control the rate and/or the location of future growth.

“Tradition has broken down. Taste is utterly debased. There is no enlightened guidance or correction from authority. ” Thomas Clark

“There are hordes of hikers cackling insanely in the woods. . lying in every attitude of undress and inelegant squalor. ” C. E. M. Joad

“The extension of towns must be stopped, building must be restricted to sharply defined areas. ” C. E. M. Joad

That housing must be “in great new blocks of flats which will house a considerable portion of the population. ” C. E. M. Joad

$933, 000 in London

• 250 -square feet • Includes a 55 square-foot patio • Only $479, 000

London Housing Prices • A 6’x 9’ storage closet converted to an apartment rents for $1, 400 a month • A cabin made out of packing crates sold for $95, 000 • A 320 -square-foot public toilet converted to a house sold for $195, 000

Growth-Management Techniques • Urban-Growth Boundaries • Urban-Service Boundaries • Greenbelts • Agricultural Reserves • Restrictive zoning • Large-Scale Open-Space Purchases • Limits on Building Permits • High Impact Fees • Lengthy Permitting Process

Coldwell Banker House

Coldwell Banker House • 2, 200 -square feet • 4 bedroom • 2 -1/2 baths • Family room • 2 -car garage • Nice neighborhood

$155, 000 in Houston

$357, 000 in Portland

$1, 100, 000 in San Jose

“Government regulation is responsible for high housing costs where they exist. ” Edward Glaeser & Joseph Gyourko

Planners Knew There are “welfare tradeoffs for higher density” that “take the form of higher housing prices and perhaps lower housing output. ” Metro, Metro Measured, 1994

Index is roughly the value of a 1999 median home in 2005 dollars

The Planning Penalty • Added cost per medianvalued home • $60, 000 in Portland • $14, 000 in Asheville • $22, 000 in Wilmington • $850, 000 in San Francisco metro area

The Total Annual Penalty • Added cost to all people who bought homes in the nation, state, or region during 2005 • $17 billion in Florida • $136 billion in California • $275 billion in U. S. A. • $200 million in N. Carolina

Solutions Worse Than the Disease • Inclusionary Zoning • Subsidies to Low-Income Housing • Rent controls • Tax-increment financing These practices reduce housing costs for a small minority by driving up the cost of housing and/or taxes for everyone else

“Inclusionary zoning produces few units. After passing an ordinance, the average [Bay Area]city produces fewer than 15 affordable units per year. ” Powell & Stringham

“Inclusionary zoning makes other homes more expensive. We estimate IZ causes the price of new homes in the median city to increase by $22, 000 to $44, 000. ” Powell & Stringham

“New housing production drastically decreases the year after cities adopt inclusionary zoning. . New construction decreases 31 percent. ” Powell & Stringham

“Price controls fail to get to the root of the affordable housing problem. . The real problem is government restriction on supply. ” Powell & Stringham

“If policy advocates are interested in reducing housing costs, they would do well to start with zoning reform. ” Edward Glaeser & Joseph Gyourko

The New Segregation “Had Portland's policies been applied nationwide over the last 10 years, over a million young and disadvantaged families, 260, 000 of them minority families, would have been denied the dream of home ownership. . ” Randall Pozdena

“In sprawled areas, black households consume larger units and are more likely to own their homes. ” Matthew E. Kahn

Urban Other 8. 4% development 2. 0% Rural Open Space 88. 6%

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