Growth in Size and Stature LE 1 -C

Growth in Size and Stature LE 1 -C 5 S 7 T 1 L 2 pg 341 -348 Growth in Size and Stature

Purpose This lesson explains how the US Marine Corps grew in size and importance between the Civil War and the end of World War I.

Lesson Objectives 1. 2. 3. Explain the role of the Marines in military actions from 1859 -1918. Identify the battles, locations, and dates of Marine Corps activity in the 1859 -1918 timeframe. Describe the heroic activities of individuals associated with the 1859 -1918 timeframe.

Key Words CPS Key Word Questions (1 -3)

Key Words Legation _______ - the official headquarters of a diplomatic minister and staff in a foreign country. _______ - a method of fighting in WW I where opposing armies fought each other while Trench Warfare operating from deep trenches. _______ – a union or association formed for mutual benefit. Alliance

Warm Up Questions CPS Lesson Questions (1 -2)

Warm Up Question How much do you already know about the history of the Marine Corps between 1859 -1918? A. Expert – I am a history junkie; I could teach the class. B. Moderate – I know some of the basics, but need to learn more. C. Blank slate – I don’t know anything, but am ready to learn! D. History? I thought this was JROTC class!

Warm Up Question The Marine Corps became involved in which of the following wars? A. B. C. D. Spanish-American War World War I Both Neither

Opening Question Do you think the US Military should get involved in other country’s civil wars? Defend your position. (Use CPS “Pick a Student” for this question)

Harper’s Ferry and the Civil War § Lt. Israel Green led 86 Marines into the engine house at Harper’s Ferry to capture John Brown, an abolitionist who believed it was justified to use violence to free the slaves. § The US Marine Corps had a small role during the Civil War because many of the officers left to join the Confederacy.

Harper’s Ferry and the Civil War When the USS Galena was disabled under Confederate fire, Marine Corporal John Mackie rallied the troops, restored three guns, and carried off the dead and wounded. § Mackie was the first Marine to be awarded the Medal of Honor. §

Harper’s Ferry and the Civil War § During the years 1866 -1898, there were few Marine military engagements. § John Phillip Souza was hired as the Marine Corps Bandmaster. § During this period, the Marine Emblem took its present form.

Lesson Question CPS Lesson Question (3 -4)

Lesson Question Who was the first Marine to be awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor? A. B. C. D. John Phillip Souza Israel Green J. E. B. Stuart John Mackie

Lesson Question What was one of the reasons that the US Marine Corps had a small role during the Civil War? A. B. C. D. The Marines did not like to fight. The Marine Band fought hard, but was too small. Most of the junior officers joined the Confederacy. Many Marine Officers were killed in action early in the war.

The Spanish American War § In 1898, Cuba, the Philippines, and Puerto Rico were under the control of Spain. § In February, the battleship Maine exploded in Havana harbor. In 1898, the US and Spain declared war. § As a result of the Spanish-American war, it became clear that the US must have a two-ocean navy, thus speeding the construction of the ______. Panama Canal

The Boxer Rebellion § In the late 19 th Century, European powers entered China and set up sovereign territories. § The Chinese rebelled; Europeans called them Boxers ______. § Because of the concern for the safety of the American legation in Peking, Marines were sent from the Philippines to China. § Private Dan Daly defended an advanced position for an entire night with only his rifle.

The Philippines § The Marines in the Philippines were organized into a brigade of two regiments containing two battalions. § In 1901, a group call the Moros attacked C Company, during their evening mess. Major LWT Waller and his battalion of 14 officers and 300 men were sent to subdue the Moros. § The Moros’ resistance was broken by November’s end.

Panama § The US supported a civil uprising in Panama against Colombia. § On November 3, 1903, the USS Nashville arrived and sent a landing party of Marines ashore at Colon. § The object of the landing was a show of force, so that the men of the Colombian garrison would not interfere with the actions taking place on the Pacific side at Panama City.

Cuba § After the expulsion of the Spanish at the end of the Spanish-American War, Cuba was left without a government. § The Platt Amendment was added to the constitution that provided that the US could intervene in Cuban affairs if the freedom of the populace was threatened. § Cuba also had to grant US naval bases on the island.

Mexico and Hati § Between 1914 -1916, the Marines became engaged in battles in Mexico and Haiti. § In Mexico, Colonel John Lejeune landed at Vera Cruz in response to information that the Germans were sending weapons to General Victoriano Huerta who had taken control of the Mexican government. § In Haiti, the US sent in Marines to quell disturbances by the Cacos as the rebels were called.

World War I § The assassination of _________ of Austria. Archduke Ferdinand Hungary in 1914 set WWI in motion. § Attacks by German U boats on American ships, and the Zimmerman Note, which proposed an alliance between Germany and Mexico and offered Mexico the return of Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona, brought the US into the war. § Eventually, the Marines found themselves involved in trench warfare.

Lesson Question CPS Lesson Question (5 -6)

Lesson Question What engineering feat allowed American ships to move more easily from the Atlantic to the Pacific? A. B. C. D. The Suez Canal The Mariana Trench The Panama Canal None of the above

Lesson Question What country promised Mexico the return of Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona if they would enter a war on their side? A. Japan B. Mexico C. Germany

Closing Question List 2 -3 facts about US history between 1859 -1918 that you learned from this lesson. (Use CPS “Pick a Student” for this question)

Questions

Copyright Information Images in this lesson were taken from: § Microsoft© Clip Art Gallery § Marine Corps Combat Camera § MCJROTC Student Text