
93212ede715f5dacc9f09c244d3c8a4d.ppt
- Количество слайдов: 33
GOVERNANCE, CIVIL SOCIETY AND THE "NEW" AFRICA PIA 2574 “An End of Class Editorial”
Corny but…
The Primacy of the African Nation-State- How sovereign a. Impact of trans-national actors b. Issue of micro-states c. Rational Actor model- public or social choice theory
Swaziland; 6, 000 square miles Population, 1. 1 million
The Primacy of the African Nation-State- How sovereign d. Collective choice is it non-rational? Is it more than an aggregate of individuals? e. The role of international regimes- UN, World Bank, IMF, etc. New International Order (NIO)
Targeting Economic Groups
Democracy: What is it? Democracy and: l 1. Governance l 2. Local Government l 3. Civil Society
Types of Democracy • Direct Democracy • Indirect Democracy • Pluralism vs. Polyarchy • Civil Society • Cooperative Movement
Review: James Madison and Democracy: l The problem with majorities l Tyranny l Factions
Direct Democracy vs. Representative Democracy l Populism vs. Minority rights l Shifting majorities l Problem with Plebiscites Guinea 1958 “No” Vote
Definitions of Democracy in Africa l The First Issue: Opposition vs. Consensus l The Second Issue: “A Chief is a Chief by the People”
Ashante, Ghana
Definitions of Democracy: Review l Presidential Systems- Separation of Powers l Parliamentary systems. Representation and Fusion l Traditional Africa- Consensus and hierarchy
South Africa’s Parliament
Defining Democracy l Village democracy and talking things out l Ubuntu, Ujamaa and Humanism l How Collective, How Market Friendly
THE INSTITUTIONAL STATE l What is the "Institutional State? “ l Why is it important?
The Institutional State: l Civil Society l Institutionalized Norms l Stable Government
The Institutional State: l Permanent Government: The Administrative apparatus l Goal: Muted Cultural Differences l Defining Bureaucracy- the permanent government
The Institutional State: The Reality l Breakdown of Governance l Bureaucracy and Corruption l Military Coups
The Institutional State: The Reality l Self Serving Bureaucrats l Bureaucratic Elites l Civil War-Violence: Inter-state Conflict and African Development
Governance and Sovereigntyl Rules of the Game politics: Zero/sum vs. sum/sum politics l "Splintering"- the break up of statescentrifugal forces l Interest Group Liberalism-how real? l Civil Society as organizational, not individual, or the mass.
Congo Wars
Governance and Sovereigntyl The need for apathy? l Constitutional vs. social stability l Institutional structures and Checks and balances:
Traditional Society: l Forms of Traditional Influence in Local Government l Grass Roots- traditional governance mechanisms governance in sub. Saharan Africa l The Answer or the Problem?
Traditional Influence-Review 1. Full Meeting (Town Hall style)- Direct Democracy 2. Pure Form- Traditional Councils (Appointed) 3. Partial- Half Elected/Half Traditional 4. Technical- deconcentrated. Department heads and Traditional (No Elections
African Justice?
Traditional Influence 5. Specialized- Judicial Function 6. Specialized Partial- Land Board (2 Trad. , 2 LG, 2 Cen. Gov. ) 7. Bicameral- Traditional as an upper house
J. M. Coetzee, Disgrace (London: Penguin, 1999). l Born, 1940
Cyprian Ekwensi, People of the City (London: Heineman, 1954) l 1921 -2007
Peter Abrahams, Mine Boy (London: Heineman, 1946) l Born: 1919
Discussion Points l HOW IMPORTANT IS DEMOCRACY FOR DEVELOPMENT? l HOW REALISTIC IS CIVIL SOCIETY IN AFRICA? l CAN GOVERNMENT BE STABILIZED?
Discussion l What have you been Reading? l What Should your colleagues read? l Logistics?