Good Afternoon R Sumathi Professor Head

Good Afternoon R. Sumathi , Professor & Head, Department of CSE(P. G), J. J. College of Engg. & Tech. , Trichirappalli

CLOUD COMPUTING (Common Location independent On-line Utility provisioned On-Demand Computing) Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 2

Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 3

LATEST TREND Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 4

Presentation Road Map o o o Cloud computing Characteristics of Cloud computing Evolution of Cloud computing Cloud anatomy Benefits of Cloud computing Issues and Challenges in Cloud computing Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 5

Classical Computing Cloud Computing n Subscribe n Use Every 18 months? n Buy & Own o Hardware, System Software, Applications often to meet peak needs. n Install, Configure, Test, Verify, Evaluate n Manage -Pay for what you n Finally, use it use, based on Qo. S n $$$$. . $(High Cap. Ex) Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), 6 J. J. C. E. T.

CLOUD COMPUTING o Cloud is a Smart, Complex, Powerful computing systems in the sky (internet) that people can just plug into ( On Demand). – Resource Sharing. Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 7

o “Cloud computing refers to computing on the Internet, as opposed to computing on a desktop. ” o “Cloud is a market-oriented distributed computing system consisting of a collection of inter-connected and virtualised computers that are dynamically provisioned and presented as one or more unified computing resources based on service-level agreements (SLAs) established through negotiation between the service provider and consumers. ” Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 8

CLOUD COMPUTING o Transforming a world wide network of computers into the largest single virtual computer. o Pool of resources available across the internet. Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 9

Cloud originate? o Virtualization -1960 s, 1990 s, 2000 s – abstracting resources for efficiency and availability o Grid computing- 1990 s, late 1990 s – Collective harvesting of computer resources o Software as a Service (Saa. S) - late 1990 s – hosting of software in a centralized fashion with access and licensing provided on-demand o Web Services (WS)- late 1990 s – standards-based messaging integration technology o Service Oriented Architecture (SOA)- early 2000 s – connecting service providers and consumers in a distributed fashion across ownership domains o Autonomic Computing & Data centre o Utility Computing, Multi core processors Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 10

Underlying Components Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 11

CHARACTERISTICS OF CLOUD COMPUTING Ø Reliability Ø Scalability Ø Elasticity Ø Faster startup time Ø Reduced management cost Ø Just-In-Time availability of resources (On-demand Service) Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 12

Characteristics of Clouds Service Oriented Elastic Virtualized Cloud Computing Dynamic (& Distributed) Autonomic Market Oriented (Pay As You Go) Shared (Economy of Scale)

Conventional Data Centre Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 14

Cloud Approach Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 15

Cloud to expand (lease more resources) with increase in demand Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 16

Cloud to shrink (unlease resources) with decrease in demand Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 17

CLOUD COMPUTING Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 18

Evolution of Cloud Computing Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 19

High performance computing • A branch of computer science that concentrates on developing supercomputers and software to run on supercomputers. • A main area of this discipline is developing parallel processing algorithms and software: programs that can be divided into little pieces so that each piece can be executed simultaneously by separate processors. Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 20

HPC Vs CLOUD Ø HPC requires specialized software and hardware development and support to build and manage a supercomputer. Ø Cloud computing is an operational model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction. Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 21

Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 22

Virtualization The term virtualization broadly describes the separation of a resource or request for a service from the underlying physical entity. Virtualization lets a single physical resource (such as server, OS, application or storage device) appear as multiple logical resources; or making multiple physical resources (such as storage devices or servers) appear as a single logical resource. Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 23

Benefits of Virtualization ØRunning heterogeneous and conflicting environments ØIsolation Ø Fully utilize hardware resources Ø Manageability Ø Reduced Power requirements Ø Reduced ownership cost Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 24

Virtualization Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 25

Types of Virtualization Ø Hardware Ø Full virtualization Ø Paravirtualization Ø Desktop Ø Storage Ø Network Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 26

Benefits of virtualization Ø Fully utilize hardware resources Ø Running heterogeneous environments Ø Isolation Ø Reduced Power requirements Ø Reduced ownership cost Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 27

Cluster Computing • High performance, massively parallel computers built primarily out of commodity hardware components, running a free – software operating system such as Linux or Free BSD and interconnected by a private high speed network. •

Cluster Computing o High performance, massively parallel computers are interconnected by a private high speed network. o Connected to the outside world through only a single node. Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 29

Scheduler Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 30

Distributed Computing • ØTechniques learned in high-performance and cluster based distributed computing to utilize the vast processing cycles at users desktop. ØThe tasks are broken down into smaller subtasks and • distributed over the internet for processing. ØAfter completion of the task the central server aggregates the information and compiles the result. • Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 31

Service Oriented Architecture Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 32

Grid Computing • Grid Computing enables virtual organizations to share geographically distributed resources as they pursue common goals, assuming the absence of central location, central control and an existing trust relationship • Virtual organization can be large or small, static or dynamic • Resource is an entity to be shared that can be computational or storage resource • Sensors and bandwidth are also used in the virtual organization • In grid environment the resources do not have prior information about each other nor do they have pre- defined security relationships

Grid Computing---Definition Computing grids are geographically separated computers or computer clusters that share applications, data and computational resources by forming VO. The term grid comes from electricity utility companies, which use a grid architecture in their power distributionsystems. Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 34

Difference between GRID & CLUSTER Computing Grids and clustering both share resources across multiple machines. Grids, are different because they allow "distributed resource management of heterogeneous systems. " With grids you can quickly add and subtract systems—without regard for location, operating system or normal purpose—as needs dictate. Clusters are built from the ground up to function as a single pool of compute power and consequently aren't as flexible. Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 35

Grid Computing Architecture Model Application “Coordinating multiple resources”: ubiquitous infrastructure services, app-specific distributed services “Sharing single resources”: negotiating access, controlling use “Talking to things”: communication (Internet protocols) & security Collective Application Resource Connectivity Transport Internet “Controlling things locally”: Access Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), Fabric to, & control of, resources J. J. C. E. T. 36 Link

Utility Computing o. More related to cloud computing n Applications, storage, computing power and network o. Requires cloud like infrastructure o. Pay by the drink model n Similar to electric service at home o. Pay for extra resources when needed o. Better economics Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 37

Cloud Anatomy o Application Services(services on demand) n Gmail, Google. Calender n Payroll, HR, CRM etc o Platform Services (resources on demand) n Middleware, Integration, Messaging, Information, connectivity etc n AWS, IBM Virtual images, Boomi, Cast. Iron, Google Appengine o Infrastructure as services(physical assets as services) n Eucalyptus, Open. Nebula, Nimbus, IBM Blue house, VMWare, Amazon EC 2, Microsoft Azure Platform, Sun Parascale and more

Cloud Architecture Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 39

Cloud Computing - layers Layers Architecture Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 40

Infrastructure Application Focused Cloud Computing Service Layers Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 41

Various Cloud Middleware Ø • Ø • Ø • Eucalyptus - University of California Nimbus - Globus alliance Open Nebula- DSA Research, Spain Hadoop - Apache Big. Table - Google Reservoir - European Union FP 7 (associated with Open. Nebula) Open. QRM - Iaa. S Cloudloop - Open-Source Cloud Storage API and Management Jboss - Red Hat - 1 API for clouds UEC - Ubuntu Enterprise Cloud- Ubuntu + Eucalyptus Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 42

Cloud Model Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 43

Benefits of Cloud computing o Encompasses n IIAS, PAAS, SAAS o Dynamic provision of services/resource pools in a coordinated fashion n On demand computing – No waiting period n Location of resource is irrelevant o Applications run somewhere on the cloud n Web applications fulfill these for end user n However, for application developers and IT o. Allows develop, deploy and run applications that can easily grow capacity(scalability), work fast(performance), and offer good reliability o. Without concern for the nature and location of underlying infrastructure n Activate, retire resources n Dynamically update infrastructure elements without affecting the business

CLOUD Individuals Corporations Non-Commercial Cloud Middle Ware Storage Provisioning OS Provisioning Network Provisioning Service(apps) Provisioning SLA(monitor), Security, Billing, Payment Resources Services Network Storage Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. OS 45

What is as a service? o “as-a-service” is extensively used, which simply means that a given cloud product (whether infrastructure, platforms or software) is offered in a way that it can be “rented” by consumers over the Internet on payment basis. Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 46

Public, Private and Hybrid clouds Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 47

ISSUES AND CHALLENGES ISSUES • • Privacy Criticism Legal Open source Open standards Security Sustainability Abuse o To provide self-healing o High security o Service level agreement o Allow multi-tenancy o Service oriented o Support virtualization Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 48

SECURITY CHALLENGES o Infrastructure security - Network level - Host level - Application level o Data security - Provide security to end users’ data. o Identity and access management - Authentication - Authorization - Auditing Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 49

Cloud Environment Providers o Eucalyptus (Elastic Utility Computing Architecture Linking Your Programs To Useful Systems ) o Amazon Web Services o Google App Engine Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 50

Top 8 Cloud Computing Companies Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 51

Cloud Applications • Scientific/Tech Applications • Business Applications • Consumer/Social Applications Science and Technical Applica Business Applications Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 52 Consumer/Social Applications

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Conclusions: Ø Computing clouds are changing the whole IT , service industry, and global economy. Clearly, cloud computing demands ubiquity, efficiency, security, and trustworthiness. Ø Cloud computing has become a common practice in business, government, education, and entertainment leveraging 50 millions of servers globally installed at thousands of datacenters today. Ø Private clouds will become widespread in addition to using a few public clouds, that are under heavy competition among Google, MS, Amazon, Intel, EMC, IBM, SGI, VMWare, Saleforce. com, etc. Ø Effective trust management, guaranteed security, user privacy, data integrity, mobility support, and copyright protection are crucial to the universal acceptance of cloud as a ubiquitous service. Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 54

Cloud articles o http: //blogs. zdnet. com/Hinchcliffe/? p=488&tag=b txcsim o http: //blogs. zdnet. com/Howlett/? p=558&tag=btxc sim o http: //blogs. zdnet. com/BTL/? p=9560&tag=btxcsi m o http: //www. businessweek. com/technology/conten t/aug 2008/tc 2008082_445669_page_3. htm o http: //www. ibm. com/developerworks/websphere/t echjournal/0904_amrhein. html o http: //cloudcomputing. sys-con. com/ Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 55

THANK YOU Prof. R. Sumathi, Dept. of CSE(P. G), J. J. C. E. T. 56