-GM crop looks great but it would not

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-GM crop looks great, but it would not be popular in Korea due to so much opposition. -The total seed market is too small to invest. -The market is huge enough to invest (seed + processed food). -Even one successful GM crop will change the world. -The investment would depend on how fast the infrastructure for regulation, assessment and public support of GM crop is established.

$ million (year 2000)

Total Seed GM Seed 1998 20, 000 1, 500 2000 22, 000 3, 000 2005 26, 000 8, 000 2010 30, 000 20, 000 (cereals + vegetables)

$ million

Sales Ratio 900 50% Asia, Pacific Rim 460 26% North, South America 430 24% Korea 107 7% Total 1, 800 100% Europe, Middle East Africa Million $ (Year 2000) Korea could form a niche market for several items !

Total Sales: Domestic: Export: 107 92 15 million $

World GM Seed Korea GM Seed 1998 1, 800 < 50 100 --- 2000 1, 800 107 --- 2006 1, 900 400 107 1 (? ) 2010 2, 000 107 10 (? ) Million $

75 items from 17 plants

GM Crops to be commercialized until 2005

USA: Overall Impact of Biotechnology in Crop and Pest Management

(in market*)

India: -10 crops were granted for commercial use: rice, potato, tomato, cauliflower, chick pea, pigeon pea, cotton, maize -Until 2004, 5 items will be in market; at present, cotton and potato are in hand. Japan: -44 biotech varieties were approved as food -66 items from 17 crops obtained approval of safety assessment at field: bean, broccoli, canola, carnation, cauliflower, corn, cotton, cucumber, melon, papaya, petunia, rice, soybean, sugar beet Korea: -27 items (processed food only) were allowed to sell. -All have to be labelled: soybean, bean paste, pepper paste, tofu, corn powder, bean sprout, bread, rice cake, dried fruit -Not a crop ever been finished the safety assessment at field.

Herbicide resistance: rice, chinese cabbage, cucumber, wild sesame, garlic, watermelon, potato, chicory Disease resistance: pepper, potato, cucumber, cabbage, rice, watermelon, gourd Insect resistance: chinese cabbage Environmental resistance: rice, potato, chinese cabbage Productivity: high photosynthesis rate rice Value-added: fowering time control (pepper, apple), lily color, early flowering chrysanthemum, high sugar tomato, omega-3 wild sesame, vaccine (tomato, carrot, potato), vitamin E wild sesame, modified potato -Green house test done. -Only a few items have been set out the safety assessment. -The first commercialized crop will be expected in 2006 (? )

1. Scientific problem: Lack of basic research background for GM technology Lack of well trained research population and research fund No successful product to lure public attention 2. Industrial limit: Failure of long-term investment from financial capital No industrial group for agbiotech field was established Lack of infrastructure for commercialization network 3. Administrative and social obstacle:

1. Scientific problem:

1. Scientific problem: Companies and Bio-ventures 2002 1, 538 Million $ 2007 1, 923 Million $

2. Industrial limit: A Strong Leadership and Driving Force from Private Sectors is Required in Korea Field Test Application of GM Crops Example

2. Industrial limit: Year 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 Total 2000 4900 8800 11400 <9400 30 1 150 10 400 15 550 20 Biotech (Plant Biotech) <500 ?

2. Industrial limit: Venture Company

2. Industrial limit: Lack of investment from venture capital Financial problem No products yet No profit yet Poorly equipped No business experience of CEO

2. Industrial limit: Larger Company

3. Administrative and social obstacle:

3. Administrative and social obstacle: Present address where the biosafety assessment is in Korea Case 1: Processed food Safety assessment (health, food) Approval Case 2: In market Foreign GM crops/seeds Not allowed for safety assessment (environment, health, food) No foreign GM crops/seed in market Case 3: Domestic GM crops/seeds Safety assessment (environment, health, food): only several items; lack of facility No approval yet and not in market

3. Administrative and social obstacle:

3. Administrative and social obstacle: The GM Crop is out of the bottle, and no one is going to put this back in the bottle. All we can do is how to properly handle and maintain for human prosperity

GM crops Government support Field trial Assessment center Fast, concised manner Safety approval Public support Registration of elite GM variety NGO Domestic & International Business

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