Global Research Dynamics…. Impact of Intellectual Property Rights Dr. Prabuddha Ganguli CEO “VISION-IPR” 101 -201, Sun View Heights, Plot 262, Sher-e-Punjab, Andheri East, Mumbai 400093, India Tel: 91 -22 -28264348; Fax: 91 -22 -28264344 Mobile: +91 9820352815 e-mail: pgang@mtnl. net. in ASET COLLOQUIUM TIFR, Mumbai 28. 05. 2010 pganguli© 2010
Enterprise Networking Government com 1 University Research institution com 3 pganguli© 2010
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The Goal: “expansion, inclusion and excellence” for a “dynamic synergy” in Science and Society Universities & Research Institutions are the well springs of knowledge with Industries acting as key channels of knowledge irrigation for societal use pganguli© 2010
Shifting IPR Paradigms • System that originated as Private Rights (Industrial Property). Legal Framework for inanimate but tangible creations of the human mind • Extension of the system to protection of inanimate but seemingly intangible creations • Further extension to tangible animate objects such as life forms • Now the same framework is being extended for protection of tangible and intangible creations of communities over generations…. including modes for benefit sharing arrangements. pganguli© 2010
Shifting IPR Paradigms • Next Steps…… National ownership of biodiversity; private ownership and rights of flora and fauna; collection of bio materials for research work; issues of prior informed consent; issues of disclosure of the origin of biological materials in patent specifications, issues of benefit sharing arrangements between patent applicants/owners for inventions based on traditional knowledge and materials form “private” and or “public sources” pganguli© 2010
Realisable Value to Potential Value of IP Mind goes to Market Hi to L ow Risk Product Lifecycle Competitive sustenance Market acceptability IPR Management Marketable Products/Processes Alignment with market Idea into product/process Ideas Actionable Ideas demonstrable Idea Feasibility Freezing of options Position in the protected Value addition Technology grid to Business idea stage. . Technology & Market development time pganguli© 2010
Much innovation is highly reliant on science…. Taken from presentation by Iain Gillespie of OECD at Biovision 2010 Alexandria March 9 -14 2010 pganguli© 2010
Co-operation in science is increasing co-authored S&T articles (whole count), 1997 and 2007 Taken from presentation by Iain Gillespie of OECD at Biovision 2010 Alexandria March 9 -14 2010 1997 2007 pganguli© 2010
Multi-faceted and Interdisciplinary nature of GT Taken from presentation by Iain Gillespie of OECD at Biovision 2010 Alexandria March 9 -14 2010 pganguli© 2010
Patents and trademarks per capita, 2005 -07 Average number per million population, OECD and G 20 countries pganguli© 2010 Taken from presentation by Iain Gillespie of OECD at Biovision 2010 Alexandria March 9 -14 2010 Technological and non-technological innovation unevenly distributed
Taken from presentation by Iain Gillespie of OECD at Biovision 2010 Alexandria March 9 -14 2010 Match innovation and market needs The Innovation cycle Research Policy and Behaviour Network collaborations DISCOVERY IDENTIFICATION of NEED Connectivity & Interoperability DIFFUSION DELIVERY DEVELOPMENT Industry Policy Structure practice Enabling environment? Policy Environment Energy Health Etc. Market Demands Tools Flexibility Regulatory Legislative Policy Incentives? COMMERCIALISATION Decisions pganguli© 2010
The financing of R&D has also changed over time … Taken from presentation by Iain Gillespie of OECD at Biovision 2010 Alexandria March 9 -14 2010 Financing of R&D, 1981 -2005 • Business financing of R&D has taken on greater importance as innovation has become more important for firm performance – high-tech industries have grown in particular. Government’s share has declined and other national sources (notably non-profit institutions) have become more important sources of R&D financing. 800, 000 700, 000 600, 000 500, 000 400, 000 300, 000 Industry Government Other national 200, 000 100, 000 0 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 • 13 pganguli© 2010
IPRinternalise …. A sustainable process Vision Perception Thought and Analysis Observation Synthesis Solution Learning pganguli© 2010
“IPRinternalise”…. Patent as a Vehicle To serve business needs, develop human Innovation resource, skill, and enhance knowledge Patent Specification: A rich source of Technical Information About 70% of Knowledge In Patent Databases Patent Search Novelty Acquisition of information Evaluate information Technical Advance Inventive Step Synthesize and analyze information Application of information to interact with an idea or experience Practical Solution to the Technical Problem Useful Business &Societal benefit pganguli© 2010
Options Industry Interest Societal Interest Type: Basic Research “Directed” Basic Research Pre. Competitive Applied Research And Product Development ------ -- ------------ Industry. Consortium Mode(e. g. CAR) ---------- Participation: Universities, National Laboratories and Laboratories Industry Courtesy: Dr. R. Chidambaram, Principal Scientific Adviser to Government of India pganguli© 2010
l CONCEPT Working through the l. IP grid l. Patents & other IPR Filings/Registrations l. Strategy for Foreign Filings l. Licensing Options l. Joint Developments Business Opportunities l. Technology Options ( mapping exercise ) l. Strategic Options S l Managing Intellectual Property INNOVATION PROCESS OUTPUT MARKET Record Maintenance & Updating IPR Information pganguli© 2010
Managing IPR … Innovation Phase Working through the IP grid l. Decisions on Patents & other IPR Filings/Registrations l Strategy for Foreign Filings l. Litigation Strategy (clearing IPR mine fields) l. Licensing Options l. Joint Developments l pganguli© 2010
l INNOVATION PROCESS Fit in IPR Portfolio l. Marketing tieups l CONCEPT Working through the l. IP grid l. Patents & other IPR Filings/Registrations l. Strategy for Foreign Filings l. Licensing Options l. Joint Developments Business Opportunities l. Technology Options ( mapping exercise ) l. Strategic Options S l Managing Intellectual Property OUTPUT MARKET Record Maintenance & Updating IPR Information pganguli© 2010
Translational Research (TR): an integrator Bridging the Gaps determine success or failure of commercialisation of innovations G G Knowledge A Tools A P P Market oriented product /service G A P Market Translational Research: is the research that addresses these gaps pganguli© 2010
Managing IPR … Output Phase l Fit in IPR Portfolio l Marketing tie-ups Evaluate Licensing Options ( e. g. venture capatial, business incubators, etc. ) pganguli© 2010
Product Lifecycle l. Managing IPR Portfolio l. Monitoring IPR l. Policing IPR l. Enforcing IPR OUTPUT l l INNOVATION PROCESS Fit in IPR Portfolio l. Marketing tieups l CONCEPT Working through the l. IP grid l. Patents & other IPR Filings/Registrations l. Strategy for Foreign Filings l. Licensing Options l. Joint Developments Business Opportunities l. Technology Options ( mapping exercise ) l. Strategic Options S l Managing Intellectual Property MARKET Record Maintenance & Updating IPR Information pganguli© 2010
Managing IPR … Market Phase cle folio y e-c Port Lif R uct g IP R rod gin l. P a g IP n n Ma nitori IPR l o ing IPR l. M olic rcing l. P nfo l. E pganguli© 2010
Develop IPR based Research Strategy Strategic Plan for IPR Defensive ? ? ? Offensive ? ? pganguli© 2010
Product Lifecycle l. Managing IPR Portfolio l. Monitoring IPR l. Policing IPR l. Enforcing IPR OUTPUT l l INNOVATION PROCESS Fit in IPR Portfolio l. Marketing tieups l CONCEPT IPR Study l. Patents other IPR Filings/Registrations l. Strategy for Foreign Filings l. Licensing Options l. Joint Developments Business Opportunities l. Technology Options ( mapping exercise ) l. Strategic Options S l Managing Intellectual Property MARKET Record Maintenance & Updating IPR Information pganguli© 2010
…………. Limited access to international knowledge base in specific fields ……. ………. . . Most research though government funded are being done in a fragmented manner and not leading to quality publications ……. . lack of information resources and literature search skills leading to “reinventing the wheel” ………. . …………inadequate utilisation of local traditional knowledge and building on the same ……improper selection of research topics thereby propagating “me-too” areas. pganguli© 2010
…………. Students and researchers aim to publish in high impact peer reviewed journals where publications costs are high and unaffordable …. ………. . . Growth in career based on quality publications in recognised peer reviewed journals ………. Industry support in R&D come with their own restrictions on publications and lack of implementable institutional policies and national policies become bottlenecks ………. . IP applications for industry sponsored research prior to publications pganguli© 2010
…. . . Several Science and Technologies getting orphaned due to non availability of funds to progress ……. inadequate infrastructure, management skills, negotiation acumen, inadequate venture capital culture ………. . sprouting of IPR trolls in developing countries to exploit the existing vacuum created by lack of Central, Competent Knowledge and IPR Management in Universities and institutions …. lack of skills and maturity in the process of forging partnerships pganguli© 2010
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