Gateways Heather Brown Project Officer, State Library of S. A, for Business Information Program, University of S. A. and Assistant Director, Paper, Artlab Australia
Gateways for digital preservation
The challenges 'Information stored in digital form is as delicate as archaeological remains of flora and fauna. . . Preservation of digital information requires active intervention; left unsecured it is susceptible to loss through the physical breakdown of the media, rendered inaccessible by technological advances, or left meaningless through lack of or insufficient contextual evidence. ' Seamus Ross 2000
Construction phase
Construction phase We have to start now… Start planning …Use Cornell University’s • Online digital preservation tutorial www. library. cornell. edu. iris/tutorial/ • Survey of Institutional readiness plans
Construction phase • Gateways being constructed by variety of stakeholders • Likely to be built and sustained by stakeholders with interest in or responsibility for preserving knowledge for future • Gateways need to be active and open early in digital ‘life cycle’
What to preserve • We cannot preserve everything • Link with collection management policies • Challenges - sheer volume, varying quality, new emerging genres, need to act quickly • How much to select in web archiving – -PANDORA selective -Internet archive - whole domain • UNESCO Guidelines • Decision Tree DPC Handbook
What to preserve • Example – decades old remote sensing data
Strengthening gateways technological Cornell Digital Preservation model - 3 interrelated parts technological resourcing refreshing migrating emulating organisational
Strengthening gateways technologically Hybrid solutions - microfilm A low risk option for text-based content ‘Hybrid’ option: mf for long term preservation; digital copy for flexible access
Strengthening gateways technologically Standards, guidelines & trusted frameworks • The foundations – ensure quality and trustworthiness • Good progress with particular formats e. g. TIFF • ISO standards for preservation of digital materials • UNESCO Guidelines http: //www. unesdoc. unesco. org/images/001300/13007 le. pdf OAIS model • Provides common framework for describing & comparing digital archives
Strengthening gateways technologically Preservation metadata Underpins OAIS framework • Records info. needed to manage preservation …. PREMIS model Unique identifiers & encapsulation • Help provide access to trusted digital objects • Also digital watermarking, digital time stamping etc.
Strengthening gateways technologically TRAC Checklist • Guide for determining trustworthiness www. crl. edu/PDF/trac. pdf • Uses risk management framework • Draws on OAIS model
Flexibility • New gateways need to be flexible to adapt to future changes
Strengthening gateways resourcing • Finding ongoing funding $R is challenging • Overall volume of data will continue to grow - the ‘digital black hole’ • Start up costs easier • Ongoing costs mean reallocation
Strengthening gateways organisational commitment • Reflected through the policies, procedures & plans • Getting ‘buy in’ right from the top. • Without this high level commitment, gateways will collapse • e. g. ‘elevator pitch’ approaches of Cornell and DSpace. • e. g. of high level policy NLA Digital Preservation Policy
Strengthening gateways organisational collaboration • Way of sharing expertise • Formal agreements & collaborations - sharing costs e. g. RLG PADI The Internet Archive UNESCO International Internet Preservation Consortium • Collaborations cost & need commitment
Strengthening gateways organisational • Organisational infrastructure involves … Skills, education & training • W e need whole new skill sets • Not only technological knowledge - also generic skills that relate to organisation & resourcing Challenge • for universities & educators of librarians to provide relevant foundation of knowledge & skills • for all to develop our knowledge & skills as part of lifelong learning.
Strengthening gateways organisational Skills, education & training • Formal training e. g. - Business Information Management (BIM) Course - University of S. A. • India - DELNET, ICDL Conference on Digital libraries, ISI’s International Workshop on digital preservation of heritage etc. • Online courses – e. g. Cornell Tutorial • PADI
Conclusion • Combination of features technological resourcing organisational • Still under construction No ‘readymade’ kit • Include the whole range of features… • For maximum leverage – collaborate with parallel gateways • Integration determines whether gateways will remain viable
Conclusion • Right combination is a dynamic • ‘Good library management’ • Assess the preservation readiness of your organisation’s digital resources • You can no longer afford to delay…
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