Gateway To Space ASEN ASTR 2500 Class

Gateway To Space ASEN / ASTR 2500 Class #03 Colorado Space Grant Consortium

Announcements: - HW 02 DUE Today - Naming guidelines update…Remove the “_” HW XX Lastname Firstinitial” Example = HW 01 Armstrong N - No need to resubmit - Balloon. Sat Overview and Student HASP Presentation - Tim May ITLL Electronics shop… - Next Class…Team Forming and RFP

Announcements: - Class email list, who did not get first email? - Who did not get their picture taken last week? - Changes to Syllabus 1. Location for class on 09/16/08 is Discovery Learning Center, room 1 B 70 (same place as Space Grant Open House) 2. Please check your schedule for evening presentations on 09 -23 -08 (Physics I? ) - Starting next Tuesday, one minute reports not using provided form will not be counted

Announcements: - ITLL Tour – new this year and was told it was 30 minutes - Best reason I can give as to why this class is rushed…

One Minute Paper: - How does a boom work? - How in depth are you going to go over the satellite that we are going to build? - How do you know if the email homework was received? - Still confused how subsystems work together? - What are the pictures in the powerpoint? - How does weather on the ground effect our Balloon. Sat communications? - What is the best battery? - How are groups chosen? - How complex will the Balloon. Sats systems be? - Do we store our data on the Balloon. Sat? - Are we going to do any programming? - How are control systems different than propulsion systems?

One Minute Paper: - What kind of testing is available to us? - How do I know what the right subsystem is for me to work on? - What has been the success rate of Balloon. Sats in the past? - Can we communicate with satellites on the other side of the earth? - How long does our mission last? - What is attitude?

One Minute Paper: - How will we use HAM radios? - What is a HAM radio license? Amateur radio, often called ham radio, is both a hobby and a service in which participants, called "hams, " use various types of radio communications equipment to communicate with other radio amateurs for public service, recreation and selftraining. [1] Amateur radio operators enjoy personal (and often worldwide) wireless communications with each other and are able to support their communities with emergency and disaster communications if necessary, while increasing their personal knowledge of electronics and radio theory. An estimated six million people throughout the world are regularly involved with amateur radio. -

Day 3

One Minute Paper:

Organization? - Teamwork Project Management Systems Engineering Comm Structures Thermal ADCS C&DH Power Ground Ops Education Web Science Software MOPS

C&DH: - Command Data Handling - The brain of a satellite - Is pretty dumb without software - Basically a home computer but much smaller and less of a power hog - Very difficult system, many unknowns and bugs

C&DH: - Consists of: - Motherboard or CPU - Firmware - Storage device or medium - Sub-nets or sub processors - Many sensors - Many interface boards

Software: - Programmers are worth weight in gold - Days of Voyager spacecraft are over - Today, satellites are very complex and so is the software - Software is usually last thing done - Last minute fixes are very dangerous

Mission Operations: - “Houston, we have a problem” - MOPS is the command center of the satellite - All human interaction occurs through this team - Much coordination is required to properly operate satellite - Failure modes determined FMEA - Data storage and analysis - All communication is done through MOPS - Usually staffed 24/7

Other: - Management - Systems Engineering - Budgets - Contracts - Planners - Manufacturers & Technicians - Test Engineers

One Minute Paper:

Questions?

Balloon. Sat Overview Class #03 Colorado Space Grant Consortium

Origins: - Started at Space Grant June 2000 - Was a student at Space Grant 1990 -1995 - Programs had advanced - Hard for freshman students to get plugged in - Sink or Swim 19

Origins: How it all started… - Western Regional Meeting in San Diego Fall 2000 - Bob Twiggs introduced Cube. Sats - Great concept but… - 80 to 100 new students a year - $35 K to $50 K - Complexity - Seed was planted 20

Origins: What if students could get close to space? - Met Edge of Space Sciences (EOSS) in Fall 1996 21

Origins: - Promise of recovery and 100, 000 feet - Price was right - Many launches every year - Some of the same engineering challenges 22

Origins: With the combination of these three items, Balloon. Sat was born

CUBESAT:

CUBESAT:

CUBESAT:

CUBESAT:

CUBESAT:

CUBESAT:

CUBESAT:

CUBESAT:

CUBESAT:

CUBESAT:

Cube. Sat Animation

Balloon. Sat vs. Cube. Sats - This class is not building a Cube. Sat - You are building a Balloon. Sat - Your Balloon. Sat could be a prototype for a future Cube. Sat mission - Balloon. Sats are not a competition

Balloon. Sat Missions to the Edge of Space

Balloon. Sat: - Balloon. Sat is an excellent, low cost platform for “Crawl” level student missions to the Edge of Space - A Balloon. Sat can reach 30 km (100, 000 feet) for $300 - Students faced with many engineering challenges - No microgravity - Balloon. Sat can be recovered

Ballooning - Why Ballooning? - Near Space Environment - What Defines Space? - Vacuum - Radiation - Micro-acceleration

Ballooning - Ballooning is inexpensive - Helium (~$80) - Balloon (~$150) - You mostly control launch

Balloon. Sats - Easy to attach to balloon - Easy to track and Recovery - Fun for all - You will build this semester

Balloon. Sat Uses: - Space Hardware Demonstrations - Atmospheric Studies - Technology Prototypes - Life Sciences Studies - Remote Sensing - Student Training

Balloon. Sat: - Balloon. Sat is geared to college level freshmen of all majors but high school students have done it too - Taught every semester as part of a class titled Gateway to Space - Students are placed in teams and given an RFP and write proposal

Past Student Experiments: - Atmospheric radiation levels - Solar cell efficiency - Atmospheric soundings - Video imaging - High altitude effects on roaches - Digital sound recording of upper atmosphere - Temperature studies

Ballooning When your balloon and payload ascend into the sky… Every student knows, their experiment is going where no one - except astronauts - has ever gone before

Balloon. Sat Hardware: Canon ELPH LT Camera Batteries Basic Stamp 555 Timing Circuit Datalogger & Temp Probe - Digital cameras - Photodiodes - Solar Cells - Geiger tubes - Hand Warmers and Desiccant - Insulation

Balloon. Sat Hardware: Digital Camera Batteries Basic Stamp 555 Timing Circuit Datalogger & Temp Probe - Digital cameras - Photodiodes - Solar Cells - Geiger tubes - Hand Warmers and Desiccant - Insulation

Balloon. Sat Construction: Aluminum Construction Foam Core Construction

Balloon. Sat Construction: - Velcro - Silicon Adhesive and Hot Glue - Aluminum Tape - Insulation - Venting - Condensation

Balloon. Sat Testing: - Drop Test - Cooler Test - Subsystem Tests - Functional Tests - Mission Sim Tests - Whip Test DO NOT FOCUS ON STRUCTURAL TESTING ONLY

Balloon. Sat Testing: Kick, Drop, Cool, and Whip

Launch: - Sites typically in eastern Colorado - Liftoff is 7: 00 AM - 90 minutes up, 45 minutes down

Launch: Supported by EOSS - 1200 gram latex balloon - Gaseous Helium (~2 K bottles) - Balloon filling system - Flight string - Radio Transceiver - GPS - Control Systems - Parachute - FAA notification

Launch Review:

Launch Review:

Launch Video:

Launch Video:

Balloon. Sats - Typical launch

Balloon. Sats - Typical launch

Balloon. Sats - Typical launch

Environments at 30 km: • How high do commercial jet fly? • How high is the ozone layer? ~10 km ~20 to 50 km • What are the layers of the atmosphere?

The 4 Layers of the Atmosphere: Troposphere Stratosphere Mesosphere Thermosphere

Environments at 30 km: • Troposphere • Stratosphere • Mesosphere • Thermosphere

Environments at 30 km: Capt. Joe W. Kittinger jumps from a balloon at 102, 800 feet Forgot to mention, he exceeded the speed of sound with his body

Environments at 30 km: Temperature varies in all directions as you climb through the different layers of the atmosphere Why? Solar Radiation (UV, IR) - Ozone Absorbs - Surface Heats - Convection

Environments at 30 km: - Temperature can dip to -80°C - Biggest killer of past missions - Easy, repeatable science Launch Coldest Tropopause Burst (30 km) Landing

Burst: - Altitude variable - One of the most violent moments of the flight - Mach I Series of burst images

Burst:

Burst:

Burst:

Burst:

Burst:

Balloon. Sats - Interesting burst

Balloon. Sats

Burst:

Balloon. Sat Testing: - Drop Test - Cooler Test - Stair Test - Whip Test - Subsystem Tests - Functional Tests - Mission Sim Tests

Burst:

Agenda: (Thursday)

Launch Review:

Recovery: - Begins after launch - Can track real-time - Recovery complete same day

History and Results: - Over 200 student Balloon. Sats

History and Results: - 40 launches - 4, 000 students - 96% recovery rate - 90% recovered with some data - 50% recovered with all expected data - Papers have been written and presented - More than 50% of students have continued with more research projects

History and Results:

History and Results:

Launch Review:

Launch Review:

Closing Items:

Balloon. Sats: - Balloon. Sats are excellent way to do hands-on research - Motivates you to go further - See importance of your education - Prepared to contribute to more complex projects - Have the confidence to take the next step

Balloon. Sats - In Colorado, we work with a company called EOSS or Edge of Space Sciences (www. eoss. org) - EOSS is non-profit organization - Total Launch cost $2, 000 - You can launch your own - You will launch your Balloon. Sat this semester!