Gas Billing 2009. 12. KRISS Kyung-Am Park 1
KRISS Fluid Flow Group w High pressure gas flow Lower than 10, 000 m 3/h, 0. 18% -- 0. 16% 10, 000 m 3/h ~ ? ? , limit criteria U < 0. 2% Build-up with sonic nozzles w Oil flow Spindle oil system is ready for (bilateral) KC Light oil system maybe ready for KC next year w Wind velocity measurement 2
Gas selling unit w Korea Gas Company 32 domestic gas dealers 0 C, 1. 013 bar Consumers Measuring condition/conversion w Gas flow measurement at measuring condition P, T (m 3/h) w Volume conversion from measuring condition to reference condition Volume corrector, Volume correction factor w Conversion to Energy ----- billing maybe from 2011 w Constant CV – Volume selling ~ Energy selling 3
NG volume correction factor for domestic user w Volume correction equation factor K -Compressibility factor ~ 1 4
Gas flow pattern w Real time pattern - 2002 ~ 2007 year (average of 5 year) (Total gas supply per hour) – (Total gas supply a day)*(Industry supply ratio)/24 - assume “Gas flow of industrial use is constant” w “Q” is obtained 5
Gas pressure w Measured average gas pressure: 22. 46 mbar w Atmospheric pressure: use average value of 10 years obtained metrological observatory (every 3 hours) – 22 places w Attitude correction w City hall attitude is used w Weighted average of apartment and house – 10. 5 m 6
Gas temperature w Gas temperature in outside gas meter - Atmospheric temperature: use average value of 10 years obtained metrological observatory (every 1 hours) – 22 places w Gas temperature in indoor gas meter in apartment - Length of gas pipe line in indoor - Gas flow rate - Indoor air temperature : 8000 temperature sensors for 3 years (Gas T. ) = (Indoor air T. ) – (ratio of T obtained be Exp. )*{(Indoor air T. ) – (Ambient T. )} w Weighted average gas T. is obtained. 7
Volume correction factor in Seoul Correction factor 0. 9983 is used in Seoul area for 1 year from Jan. to Dec. 2009 8
Calorific value factor w Volume was unit of gas sale w Try to change from Volume to Energy w Natural gas supplied from 3 imported spots w CV of natural gas may be different even in the supply area of one domestic gas dealer w Now, need CV factor : BTU factor - How to divide NG supply area - what is acceptable CV difference ? ? 9
Using different natural gas? ? w Consider billing w Gas burners - efficiency, CO, NOx … Gas turbine NGV Flame temperature …… w Energy flow – Calorific value * gas flow rage 10
Comparison of interchangeability suggestion - 1 11
Comparison of interchangeability suggestion - 2 12
Gas Quality w w w w Wobbe: 14. 6 ~ 15. 7 k. Wh/m 3 CV: 11. 0 ~ 12. 5 k. Wh/m 3 Methane: above 85% H 2 S: below 6 mg/m 3 Total sulfur: below 50 mg/m 3 HC dew point: below -5 C Water dew point : below -12 C at 7 MPa CO 2: below 2. 5 mole % 13
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