Galileo Galilei (1564 -1642) Ro-el Cordero & Robert Trevino
Contemporary Scientists l Tycho Brahe – Born into highest ranked nobility in Denmark – King of Denmark gave him a Island 5% GNP to work – Later became imperial astronomer of Emperor Rudolph II – Accurate measurement of stars (1546 -1601) Image from http: //www. nada. kth. se/~fred/tycho/index. html
Contemporary Scientists l Johannes Kepler – Sickly child of poor parents – University teacher and pupil of Tycho Brahe – Alienated by both Catholic and Lutheran churches – Laws of Planetary motion (1571 -1630) Image from http: //www. kepler. arc. nasa. gov
Contemporary Scientists l Hans Lipperhey (d. 1619) – Invented the spyglass – Galileo supposedly read about the discovery through a letter. Image from http: //galileo. rice. edu/sci/lipperhey. html
Contemporary Scientists l Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632 -1723) – Father was a basket maker – Self Supported, Linendraper and Surveyor – Elected to Royal Society – Father of microbiology Image from http: //www. ucmp. berkeley. edu/history/leeuwenhoe k. html
The Medici Family l Traced back to the end of the 12 th century l Started as a banking and commerce family l Important family figures to Galileo – – – Cosimo I Ferdinand I & Christina of Lorraine Cosimo II Ferdinand II Leopold Gian-Gastone
Medici and Sponsorship l Since Cosimo I, the family held the arts and sciences and general education in high regard l Always sponsored and stood by their decisions, despite popular belief or church views l Needed to produce to keep their support
Galileo and the Family l Formally began with helping Christina of Lorraine’s brother with work, which lead to professorship in Pisa l Tutored the princes while also making his own discoveries l “Court Scientist” began with the telescope and Starry Messenger l Scientist, teacher, and showman
Important Work l Pendulum Motion *note Images from THE GALILEO PROJECT
Important Work l Hydrostatic Balance This is not Galileo’s Design, but a later one. vlp. mpiwg-berlin. mpg. de/ references? id=tec_cat 2 taken from: Gscheidlen, Richard. 1876. Physiologische Methodik: Ein Handbuch der Praktischen Physiologie. (p. ﾊ0058, fig. ﾊ60)
Important Work l One Horse Water Pump (yes, we know there are two horses in this photo) Image from THE GALILEO PROJECT
Important Work l Sector (Gunners compass) Images from THE GALILEO PROJECT
Important Work l New Star Calculation – Using Parallax calculated that the new star was beyond the moon and thus in the heavens http: //wps. aw. com/wps/media
Important Work l Thermoscope Image from THE GALILEO PROJECT
Important Work l Used telescope to find 4 satellites of Jupiter, and other neat things Images from THE GALILEO PROJECT
Important Work l Longitude at sea • Using the eclipses of Jupiter’s satellites • Won a prize of a gold chain from the Dutch (refused or was forced to refuse) • Method never really practical at sea • Eventually helped fix maps of France, il Mar Terrano, and even Pennsylvania. Images from THE GALILEO PROJECT
Important Work l Falling bodies and Scaling Laws ?
Important Work l Argument for Copernican heliocentric theory – Got him in trouble with the church…
“Vehemently Suspect of Heresy”: Formal Abjuration from the Church I have been judged vehemently suspect of heresy, that is, of having held and believed that the sun is in the centre of the universe and immoveable, and that the earth is not at the center of same, and that it does move. Wishing however, to remove from the minds of your Eminences and all faithful Christians this vehement suspicion reasonably conceived against me, I abjure with a sincere heart and unfeigned faith, I curse and detest the said errors and heresies, and generally all and every error, heresy, and sect contrary to the Holy Catholic Church.
Galileo and the Church l Pope Urban VIII l 1632: Dialogues on the Two Chief World Systems-Ptolemaic and Copernican – Given permission by Cardinal Bellermine and Pope Urban 1610 to treat Copernican as theory, but to not teach or defend it; end with “God is all-powerful; to Him all things are therefore possible” – Bible versus scientific proof l Inquisition when book reached Rome (1633) l House arrest
Dialogues on the Two Chief World Systems- Ptolemaic and Copernican l The Persons – Salivati: Galileo and Copernican views – Simplicio: Aristotilean philosophers – Sagrado: simple layman l Official aim and actual discourse l Organization – First Day: Against Aristotelian physics, current belief – Second Day: Law of Inertia – Third Day: Formation and destruction in the heavens – Fourth Day: Copernican explanation, Venus, Jupiter
…Eppur si muove… (…But it does move…)
Скачать презентацию Galileo Galilei 1564 -1642 Ro-el Cordero Robert
4a5b5f6a44a10d58b4b0fe2e8c0c68a3.ppt