FUTURE ROLE OF ENGINEERS IN PAKISTAN Dr Javed

FUTURE ROLE OF ENGINEERS IN PAKISTAN Dr. Javed Yunas Uppal B. Sc. Engg. , Ph. D. (Lond), MICE, MASCE Pakistan Foundation for Advancement of Engineering & Technology 1 -A, Aibeck Block , Garden Town , Lahore , Pakistan Tel: 042 -5838142, 5838901 , 0300 8447138 www. pfaet. com

Global exploitative game has its repercussions in Pakistan resulting ghastly and acute crisis of all sorts which unfortunately has been unintentionally or intentionally gravely mishandled

Poor consumer oriented countries have been getting poorer and poorer, reducing their ability to buy goods from the rich producer countries Who are the losers? ?

A lot of trumpet is blown on >restoration of democracy, >fighting terrorism, & >removing pollutions. Huge sums of foreign money is given on them but very little is done on the deplorable conditions of the people

I and you have drifted and are lost. This is because, both have relinquished the care and concern for humanity.

egotistic energies Our Should be directed not merely towards the ‘gains for but towards the gains of ‘everybody’ around us the few’,

In the past the ‘Business’ and ‘Technology’ have created many ugly scars on the face of the world

Same’ Business & Technology’ with the new will make this outlook planet worth living They have the answers

The industries must produce goods that ‘improve ’ the plight of the consumers and not to ‘diminish’ it Make ‘exo-genic’ goods. and not ‘endo-genic’ goods

Counting selfish gains every minute is killing us. Only passionate sense of giving for humanity has permanency

Development-Definition As we commonly understand it: Construction of buildings, roads & industries … Much of development may not touch the bulk of the people.

Commercial Development: Is for sake of a few people … “it CAUSES MONEY TO FLOW FROM POOR TO RICH ” Public Works Development: Is done by the governments to justify spending Of public money… “WHAT IF THERE IS NO PUBLIC MONEY”

Real Development: Is that which generates money… IT IS THAT WHICH CAUSES WELL BEING OF PEOPLE

Well Being of People… Definition & Measurement Well being of people is a state in which sum total of the physical, psychological & spiritual needs of the people are satisfied

This is the only way to secure Sustainable Development

This is the only way to poverty alleviation and world peace

Global Trends and Opportunities for Participation of Pakistan’s Engineering Industries

Pakistan’s Prerogatives v v v v Political Stabilization Structural Reforms Sustained Growth Employment Opportunities Poverty Reduction Fiscal Discipline Return of Loans

New Game International Community’s Eagerness Over Central Asian Resources ‘Looking for Partners’ Kosovo: Trans Balkan Oil Pipeline v Turkmenistan Gasline v Apsheron Trend Oil Field v Daulatabad Oil Field v

GATT & WHO gone in the background v v v Multi lateral trading system with free marketing access Poor countries looking up for concessions for survival Erosion of confidence and independence of local businesses Independence of nations becoming non sustainable Chances of getting down-rated on collaborations Search of non competitive targets

Industrial Engineers GDP Country Populati Growth per $ per on rate population capita m % Electrici ty Producti on W per capita Export s $ per capita Pakistan 165 6 1500 2, 600 55 117 India 1130 (6. 8 times) 7. 5 1200 3, 700 64 99 China 1322 (8. 0 times) 22. 5 675 7, 600 216 736

Kashmir is also full of resources

Pakistan’s Plus Points v. Geographically strategic location v. English speaking main gear v. Cheap ‘semi’ skilled manpower v. Moderate Muslim culture

Lines of Immediate Action v Forge lucrative international alliances v. Train professionals and labour v. Prepare to meet tough ISO requirements v. Reduce cost of production

Operating firms need go multi- disciplined multi- cultured and multi- national These have to get merged , re- structured, be participatory & distant

Engineers cannot restrict themselves to their conventional roles Engineers have to learn new techniques

such as Entrepreneurship Management methods Information technology System visionary and holistic approaches Environmental technologies Participatory methods, networking.

ENTERPRISE MODEL Environment • Growing resources • Profiteering enterprise Capitalist Profit Capital Equity/Loan s Producers Goods sold Consumer/Worker Wealth produced Engrs Services

COMMUNITY MODEL Environment Diminished resources • Re-Construction Profit Cooperative Collectives Equity/Loan s Producers Goods sold Consumers/Workers Wealth produced Engrs Services

technical knowledge at lower levels n n is not available Bring technical know how to the bottom lines Market is there within the people themselves Small workshops and house holds can produce these items and generate income as well Give micro-credits and train people with training, indigenous manufacturing will build local capacity; low labor cost and

expert help and central coordination is needed n n Fully dedicated social activists, hands on engineers, and management experts with linkages to technology sources should centrally coordinate the development and operation of technology incubation and training centers for outreaching to the rural communities. We need dedicated, service oriented knowledgeable people

Serving people is not a priority for our Architects and Engineers A paradigm shift is required in their practices and mind sets They need to participate in a system directly addressing the needs of the people

Engineers need to develop cheap alternative materials and technologies Community Organizations can out -reach these materials and technologies right down to the bottom lines through modern tools of management

What is Lacking ‘Collectiveness’ Energy’ ‘know- how’ ‘ Some minorities and sects who have these attributes have improved themselves. What is needed: 1. Awareness 2. Organization & 3. Technology

A dedicated team of experts is required to work in the Community training people on: 1. Individual skills for enhancing their incomes 2. Individual and family entrepreneurship. 3. Doing things collectively to reduce expenditures and to reduce leakages. 4. Doing things collectively to harness assets. A new form of Society has to emerge

ØThe change must come from the System and within the System ØOutside source should only do the spark ØThe fuel must be there to ignite itself

A Completely new and innovative approach is required Conventional paradigms of development of the past are bound to fail

Entrepreneurs: n Entrepreneurs are individuals who run activities for making profit for their own sake with an enterprising spirit and techniques of business management

GRADUATES TAKING UP ENTREPRENEURSHIP

Social Entrepreneur: n A social entrepreneur is one who runs a profitable activity not only for himself but also for THE POPULATIONS with the spirit of serving yet with the techniques of management and business

Sir Arnold Musto The builder of Sukkur Barrage, the backbone of the economy of the entire country and singly sustaining the 60 m people of Sindh. When Pakistan came into existence, Sir Arnold Musto refused to go back to England would rather stay at the Sukkur Barrage. He is today buried at the Barrage.

Dr Muhammad Yunus Founder of the Grameen Bank in Bangladesh to empower the poor” Now spread to 65 developing countries and has reached 17 million borrowers around the globe It runs as business and its funds are recycled that continue to grow, " Self help telephones provided to 2, 000 villages Internet kiosks in villages are operated by touch screens and voice commands for illiterate users

Tasneem Ahmad Siddiqui Founder of Khuda Ki Basti in Karachi, on self- financing basis Enabled people micro businesses, embroidery work and carpet-weaving on 80 square yards plots purchased on easy installments and developed by allot tees on self-help basis There is a sense of complete satisfaction in contrast to anger and desperation common in many poor localities

Barefoot Architecture Winner of the Aga Khan Award

Bare Foot Architecture Centers in India Over 500 building centers set up all over n Achieving 25 to 40% savings n Over 100, 000 masons, carpenters, bar benders, and plumbers have been trained n Construction Rs. 5 billion completed n

Nature Teaches Us Lesson n n Earthquake of Kashmir in 2005 has killed 70, 000 people and rendered 3 m homeless The whole nation rose up to provide relief and assistance with great enthusiasm and coordination There is a lesson in it Let us build Pakistan with same zeal and spirit

Equal participation of public sector , private sector , engineering institutions & civil society needs to be evolved

Participative Mechanism

A tree is an example of cell system

PARTICIPATIVE MODEL consumer associations driver e tiv en inc ag n , rs m to ers & r in trai m a s, o nito r s er na di Central Core Task Force Of Highly Committed & Dedicated Work group or q ual ity t ins raini titu ng tio ns m a ho rke us tin es g co & nt n e ig pm es lo es d e s ev hou d production houses gy o ol es n c ch ur te so

ROLE OF THE INSTITUTIONS n n n NETWORKING: Within Community PROVIDING: Markets Financing Technology n Helping Production Centres

Collective Action and Organizational Development Regime

Participative Cell System is a system of independently working individuals or organizations registered as Members, and interlinked with each other, through specific give and take mechanisms, geared towards the common broad objective, as guided, trained and regulated by a central coordination unit. Individual cells operate through an efficient hierarchy of mutual benefits.

Central Coordination Unit n n n Central Coordination Unit is a group of highly devoted resource persons, appointed by Members, whose function is to: train the trainers, coordinate the activity, ensure quality, and disburse the Central Fund. manage the subordinate units

Task Force v Let us know each other. v Let us join together. v Today’s Call is instantaneous. v Be prepared to respond.

Individual Cell Units n n n Design centres, technology providers- low cost technology solutions. Fabrication units fabricating machines. Trainers out reaching people. Credit extending. Marketing units. Production cells: small businesses, workshops, and households.

Answer is the System Approach n Look at the whole system Who are the stakeholders? n Who are the beneficiaries? n Who are the money makers? n If the money is being sucked away, who is taking it? n Tax the advantage taker n Spend on the needy n

VENSIM PARTICIPATIVE DEVELOPMENT MODEL Internal invesment External invesment Draining Capacity building Technology transfer External expenditure Resource exploitation Participative Development Capital growth Strengthening Export earning Export raw material Local manufacture Mar keti ng