FUNCTIONAL STYLISTICS General notes on functional styles

FUNCTIONAL STYLISTICS • General notes on functional styles

FUNCTIONAL STYLЕ • А functional style of language is a system of interrelated language means that serves a definite aim of communication. • A functional style should be understood as the product of a concrete task set by the sender of the message. • Linguistic descriptions present styles as rule-governed, conventionalized, socially significant strategies of speech behavior

The strategies (or choices) manifest themselves • as tendencies revealed in several style dimensions: • vocabulary, grammar, pronunciation, text structure (for the spheres of both oral and written communication), and • some paralinguistic phenomena: facial expressions, gestures, tone of voice, etc. (for oral communication only).

I. R. Galperin • • • 1) The language of belles-Letters. 2) The language of publicist literature. 3) The language of newspapers. 4) The language of scientific prose. 5) The language of official documents.

The belles-lettres FS has the following sub styles: • а) the language style of poetry; • b) the language style of emotive prose; • с) the language style of drama.

The publicist FS comprises the following sub styles: • а) the language style of oratory; • b) the language style of essays; • с) the language style of feature articles in newspapers and journals.

The newspaper FS falls into • а) the language style of brief news items and communiqués; • b) the language style of newspaper headings; • с) the language style of notices and advertisements.

The scientific prose FS has three divisions: • а) the language style of humanitarian sciences; • Ь) the language style of "exact" sciences; • с) the language style of popular scientific prose.

The official document FS can be divided into four varieties: • а) the language style of diplomatic documents; • b) the language style of business documents; • с) the language style of legal documents; • d) the language style of military documents.

M. D. Kuznetz and Y. M. Screbnev The literary refined (or The free (or colloquial) style bookish)style • the literary colloquial • the publicistic style, • the scientific • the familiar technical style, colloquial style • the style of official documents

I. V. Arnold The neutral style The bookish style • scientific style, • style of official documents, • publicistic or newspaper style, • oratorical style, • lofty-poetical style The colloquial style • literary colloquial, • familiar colloquial, • low colloquial

V. L. Naer • The megastyle of professional and business communication: • the scientific prose style, • the style of official documents, • The megastyle of mass communication: • the newspaper style, • the publicistic style, • the religious style • The megastyle of aesthetic communication: • the belles-lettres style