FROEHLING & ROBERTSON, INC. INTERNATIONAL BUILDING CODE 2012 Concrete Special Inspections and Code Compliance Special Inspections Statewide Code Changes ACI 318 -11 Mandates IBC Chapter 17 IBC Chapter 19 SCBCC Special Inspectors SCBCC Code Enforcement Officers 1115 -07 -06 120 -15 -08 IBC 2012 AIA Approved Program #IBC 318
Concrete Special Inspections IBC 2012, Chapter 17, Section 1705. 3 and Table 1705. 3 Concrete construction The special inspections and verifications for concrete construction shall be as required by this section and Table 1705. 3. NEW ACI 318 -11 Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete ACI 318 -08 Old Outgoing Code IBC 2012
IBC 2012 Chapter 17, Section 1703 Approved Agencies 1703. 1 Approved Agency An approved agency shall provide all information as necessary for the building official to determine that the agency meets the applicable requirements. 1703. 1. 1 Independent An approved agency shall be objective, competent and independent from the contractor responsible for the work being inspected. The agency shall also disclose possible conflicts of interest so that objectivity can be confirmed IBC 2012
Statement of Special Inspections DGS CO-6 b IBC 2012
IBC 2012 Code, Chapter 35, ASTM C 94 -13 a Standard Specification for Ready-Mixed Concrete • • • Materials Measuring Materials Batching Plant Mixing & Delivery Batch Ticket Information IBC 2012
Concrete’s BIG Advantage? Drunk driver going 99 mph Shape Strength Durability Sudden Stop! IBC 2012
Concrete’s Advantage? After the accident? Very little damage to the concrete house IBC 2012
Concrete’s Advantage? OR… YOU COULD USE WOOD!
What ARE Special Inspections? Who Can Perform Them? Definition of Special Inspection IBC 2012, Chapter 2, Section 202 Inspection of construction requiring the expertise of an approved special inspector in order to ensure compliance with this CODE and the approved construction documents. ASTM C 231 Test for Air Content
Two Types of Special Inspections Continuous (full-time) Special inspection by the special inspector who IS present when and where the work to be inspected IS being performed. Periodic (part-time) Special inspection by the special inspector who is intermittently present where the work to be inspected HAS BEEN or is being performed.
IBC 2012, Section 1704. 2. 4 Report Requirements 1704. 1. 2 “Special Inspectors” shall keep records of inspections. The special inspectors shall furnish inspection reports to the building official and to the registered design professional (RDP) in responsible charge. PASS/FAIL COMPLIES DISCREPANCY
STATEWIDE BUILDING CODE INTERNATIONAL BUILDING CODE (IBC) - IBC 2012 ACI 318 - Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete ASTM Standards (80 plus) in IBC and the Statewide Code The CODE does not incorporate ACI 301 “Specifications for Structural Concrete” however, ACI 301 is a part of the construction documents and compliance is mandated. Approved Contract Documents IBC 2012
Special Inspection Requirements – Concrete IBC 2012 Table 1705. 3, slide 1 of 2 TABLE 1705. 3 REQUIRED VERIFICATION AND INSPECTION OF CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION VERIFICATION AND INSPECTION CONTINUOUS PERIODIC 1. Inspection of reinforcing steel, including ALL –. prestressing tendons, and placement. X 2. Inspection of reinforcing steel welding in . accordance with Table 1705. 2. 2, Item 2 b. – – REFERENCED STANDARDa IBC REFERENCE ACI 318: 3. 5, 7. 1 -7. 7 1910. 4 AWS D 1. 4 – ACI 318: 3. 5. 2 3. Inspection of anchors cast in concrete Table 1911. 2 allowable service loads for bolts X ACI 318: 8. 1. 3, 21. 2. 8 where. allowable loads have been increased – or where strength design is used. 1908. 5, 1909. 1 4. Inspection of anchors post-installed in . hardened concrete membersb. – X ACI 318: 3. 8. 6, 8. 1. 3, 21. 2. 8 1909. 1 5. Verifying use of required design mix. – X ACI 318: Ch. 4, 5. 2 -5. 4 1904. 2, 1910. 2, 1910. 3 6. At the time fresh concrete is sampled to. fabricate specimens for strength tests, . perform slump and air content tests, and. determine the temperature of the concrete continuous X – ASTM C 172 1910. 10 ASTM C 31 ACI 318: 5. 6, 5. 8
Special Inspection Requirements – Concrete IBC 2012 Table 1705. 3, slide 2 of 2 TABLE 1705. 3 REQUIRED VERIFICATION AND INSPECTION OF CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION (Continued) VERIFICATION AND INSPECTION CONTINUOUS PERIODIC 7. Inspection of concrete and shotcrete placement. for proper application techniques. X REFERENCED STANDARDa – placement ACI 318: 5. 9, 5. 10 IBC REFERENCE 1910. 6, 1910. 7, 1910. 8 curing – X ACI 318: 5. 11 -5. 13 1910. 9 a. Application of prestressing forces. X b. Grouting of bonded prestressing tendons in the . seismic force-resisting system. X – ACI 318: 18. 20 – 10. Erection of precast concrete members. – X ACI 318: 18. 4 – 11. Verification of in-situ concrete strength, prior to . stressing of tendons in post-tensioned concrete . and prior to removal of shores and forms from . beams and structural slabs. – X ACI 318: 6. 2 – 8. Inspection for maintenance of specified curing. temperature and techniques. 9. Inspection of prestressed concrete: 12. Inspect formwork for shape, location and. dimensions of the concrete member being formed shapes - dimensions – X ACI 318: 6. 1. 1 –
Table 1705. 3 verification/inspection Tasks #1, #2, #3 Rebar, Welding, Anchor Bolts 1. Inspection of reinforcing steel 2. Reinforcing steel welding 3. Inspection of anchors cast in concrete where allowable loads have been increased or where strength design is used. Reinforcing Steel Inspection IBC 2012
Table 1705. 3 Verification/Inspection Task #4 Post installed concrete anchors ACI 355 “Qualifications of Post-Installed Mechanical Anchors in Concrete” ACI 318 -11, Section 8. 1. 3 Anchors within the scope of Appendix D installed in concrete to transfer loads between connected elements shall be designed in accordance with Appendix D. IBC 2012, Chapter 19, Section 1909. 1 Design of anchors installed in concrete for the purpose of transmitting structural loads from one connected element to the other. IBC 2012
Installation and special inspections related to anchors ACI 318 -11, Appendix D D. 9 –Installation and inspection of anchors shall be installed and inspected in accordance with ACI 318 -11, section 1. 3 Brush Only Not Cleaned Brush & Blow
ACI 318 -11, Appendix D, Section D. 9. 2. 2 Anchors Section D. 9. 2. 2 requires “Installation of adhesive anchors horizontally or upwardly inclined to support tension loads shall be performed by personnel certified by an applicable certification program. Certification shall include written and performance tests in accordance with the ACI/CRSI Adhesive Anchor Installer Certification Program or equivalent. ” IBC 2012
ACI 318 -11, Appendix D, Section D. 9. 2. 2 Anchors Section D. 9. 2. 2 requires “Installation of adhesive anchors horizontally or upwardly inclined to support tension loads shall be performed by personnel certified by an applicable certification program. Certification shall include written and performance tests in accordance with the ACI/CRSI Adhesive Anchor Installer Certification Program or equivalent. ” IBC 2012
Table 1705. 3 Verfication/Inspection Task #5 Verifying the Use of (Approved) Concrete Mix Designs ACI 318, Method #1 Section 5. 3. 1 Sample Standard Deviation Materials, quality control procedures, and conditions similar to those expected on project for which the mixtures are being proposed Shall consist of at least 30 consecutive tests or two groups of consecutive tests totaling at least 30 tests as defined in 5. 6. 2. 4 Section 5. 3. 1. 2 Modification Factor when less than 30 tests are available The KEY is consecutive tests, same materials, same QC conditions, etc.
ACI 318 Concrete Mix Design Proportions Inspection task #5 (continued) ACI 318, Method #2 Section 5. 3. 3. 2 Concrete Trial Mixtures Materials shall be those that will be used for proposed work At least three different mixtures with different water-cement ratios Trial mixes will be proportioned so as to have slump within . 75” of proposed slump and within . 5% of maximum allowable air content IBC 2012
ACI 318 Concrete Mix Design Proportions Inspection task #5 (continued) ACI 318 Method #3 Section 5. 4 Proportioning without Field Experience or Trial Mixtures Materials shall be those that will be used for proposed work and shall have an average compressive strength of 1200 psi greater than design strength Concrete proportioned by this section (5. 4) shall conform to the durability requirements of Chapter 4 and to compressive strength criteria of Section 5. 6
Table 1705. 3 Verification/Inspection Task #6 Field Tests & Inspections Concrete QC tests are required by the statewide code and IBC 2012 • • Compressive Strength Test Slump Test Air Content Test Temperature Determination • ASTM C 172 Sampling Concrete WHERE? • ASTM C 31 - Making Test Specimens (Initial curing @ 60° to 80° 48 hours) IBC 2012
Sampling Freshly Mixed Concrete ASTM C 172 -14 Sample concrete from concrete chute ASTM C 172 -10, Section 5, Note 2 Sampling should normally be performed as the concrete is delivered from the mixer to the conveying vehicle used to transport the concrete to the forms (or point of final placement); however, specifications may require other points of sampling, such as the discharge of a concrete pump. IBC 2012
INITIAL CURING OF FIELD CONCRETE SPECIMENS ACI 301 -10, section 1. 6. 2. 2 d Duties and responsibilities of Contractor Provide space and source of electrical power on the project site for facilities to be used for initial curing of concrete test specimens as required by ASTM C 31, for the sole use of Owner’s quality assurance testing agency. IBC 2012
INITIAL CURING OF FIELD CONCRETE SPECIMENS ACI 301 -10, section 1. 6. 3. 2 e Responsibilities of Owner’s Testing Agency Owner’s testing agency will conduct concrete strength tests during construction by making and curing test specimens according to ASTM C 31 and testing them according to ASTM C 39. Concrete strengths for acceptance shall be the average of: 2 cylinders if 6”x 12”@ 28 days 3 cylinders if 4” x 8”@ 28 days IBC 2012
INITIAL CURING OF FIELD CONCRETE SPECIMENS ASTM C 31 -12, Section 10. 1. 2
Table 1705. 3 Verification/Inspection Task #7 Conveying and Depositing Concrete IBC 2012, Table 1705. 3, item #7 ACI 318 Sections 5. 9 and 5. 10 Concrete Placement Conveying from truck to point of placement without segregation, proper consolidation Top surfaces of vertically formed lifts to be generally level All construction joint requirements in ACI 318, Section 6. 4 are required as a part of the building code
Table 1705. 3 Verficaton/Inspecion Task #8 Curing, Temperature and Techniques IBC 2012, Table 1705. 3 ACI 318 Section 5. 11. 1 Concrete (other than high early strength) shall be maintained above 50° and in a moist condition for at least the first 7 days after placement except when cured under accelerated curing conditions. Hot weather (ACI 305) and cold weather (ACI 306) concrete requirements shall be followed as stipulated in ACI 318, Sections 5. 12 and 5. 13 ACI 318, Section 5. 11 suggests following the recommendations set forth in the “Guide to Curing Concrete” (ACI 308) Application of Concrete Curing Compound IBC 2012
Table 1705. 3 Verification/Inspection task #9 Inspection of Pre-Stressed Concrete IBC 2012, Table 1705. 3 Continuous Special Inspections Required 8 a. Application of Pre-Stressing Forces Application and measuring force Verifying jack calibrations Measuring elongation of tendons 8 b. Grouting of Bonded Pre-Stressing Tendons in the Seismic-Force-Resisting System Materials to produce grout Grout proportions Mixing and pumping grout ACI 318, Sections 18. 18 and 18. 20 Pre-Stressed Concrete Casting Bed IBC 2012
Table 1705. 3 Verifcation/Inspection task #10 Erection of Precast Concrete Members IBC 2012, Table 1705. 3 Periodic Special Inspections Required on Embeds Bolted connections receive periodic inspection All (100%) of welded connections must receive visual inspection in accordance with AWS D 1. 1 ACI 318, Chapter 16 Precast Concrete Panel Installation AWS D 1. 1, Section 6 mandates VT on welds IBC 2012
Table 1705. 3 Verification/Inspection Task #11 Inspection of Post-Tensioned Concrete IBC 2012, Table 1705. 3 ACI 318, Chapter 16 Periodic Special Inspections Required Verification of in-situ concrete strength, prior to stressing of tendons in post-tensioned concrete and prior to removal of shores and forms from beams and structural slabs Application and measuring force Verifying jack calibrations Measuring elongation of tendons Post-Tensioned Concrete Slab IBC 2012
Table 1705. 3 Verification/Inspection Task #12 Inspection of Formwork IBC 2012, Table 1705. 3 (ACI 318, section 6. 1. 1) Inspect forms for shape, location, and dimensions of the concrete member being formed. Conforms to shape, lines, and dimensions of the members as required by the drawings and specifications Sufficiently tight to prevent leakage of mortar Properly braced and tied to maintain shape Forms and supports designed so as not to damage previously placed concrete or in-situ structure Concrete Form Inspection IBC 2012
VUSBC 2009 - 2012 Significant Code Changes - FORMS Table 1704. 4, Task #12 IBC 2012 - Inspect formwork for shape, location and dimensions of the concrete member being formed. ACI 318, section 6. 1. 1 Nominal dimensional inspection tasks required VUSBC 2009 expanded inspection to all of ACI 318, sections 6. 1 and 6. 2. VUSBC 2012 falls in line with IBC 2012. Dimensions, form tightness, bracing, ties, supports, construction load, impact loads, form removal, shores, reshoring, and some degree of structural analysis.
Placing Concrete by Pumping Methods ACI 304. 2 R-96 • • Combined FA & CA is 66% to 75% mix volume Mortar content versus aggregate (size) 16% - 18% Select nominal maximum size aggregate properly Water reducing admixtures • Mixture CA amount can be reduced by 5% to 10% (ACI 211, Section 6. 3. 6. 1) • • Field quality control (truck and point of placement) Collect test data at ready mix truck and placement Two trucks at pump hopper (staging/testing) Lightweight (Aggregate/Moisture Compensation) (pre-soak) Pumping Concrete
Placing Concrete by Pumping Methods ACI 304. 2 R-96 • • Most common diameters of pipeline are 4” and 5” Flexible hose – fabric and wire-reinforced 3 x more pressure to pump through hose (pipe) Keep bends in pipe line to minimum • • Avoid gap-graded aggregates Insert #7, #89 stone in coarse CA fractions 15% - 30% should pass #50 screen in FA fraction 5% - 10% should pass the #100 screen in FA Pumping Concrete Any admixture that increases the workability in both normal and lightweight concretes will usually improve pumpability. IBC 2012
Addressing Concrete Test Specimen Failures ACI 318, Section 5. 6. 3. 3 Strength level of an individual class of concrete shall be considered satisfactory if both of the requirements are met: 1. Every arithmetic average of any three consecutive strength tests equals or exceeds design strength (f’c) 2. No individual strength test (average of two cylinders) falls below f’c by more than 500 psi when f’c is 5000 psi or less; or by more than. 10 f’c when f’c is more than 5000 psi. Compressive Strength Test IBC 2012
Pre-Construction Meetings Project team members should meet prior to the commencement of construction activities to discuss special inspections and testing scope. Suggested Attendees: Owner or Owner’s Representative Structural Engineer Architect Construction Manager General Contractor Building Official Testing Agency Concrete Supplier Placing and Finishing Contractor Concrete Pumping Company Admixture Supplier Other Specialty Suppliers (as appropriate) IBC 2012
Concrete Pre-Construction Checklists IBC 2012 Chapter 17, Section 1705. 3 and Chapter 19, ACI 318 üHave concrete mix design submittals been approved? üDo mix designs comply with ACI 318, Chapters 4 and 5? üDo approved mix designs comply with project specifications? üSpecialty materials: fly ash, fibers, mid-range, Super P, color, other üConcrete delivery tickets (ASTM C 94 -14) Section 14 (class, aggregate/moisture compensation, mix water, mixing times) üProject specification limits on slump, air, temperature, mixing times
Concrete Pre-Construction Checklists üDiscuss cold and hot weather procedures üWill the concrete be pumped? Where will testing/specimens be done? üWhat will be the average size of concrete placement? Largest size? üWho is responsible for the addition of mix water at the job site? üDiscuss methodology for determining total amount of mix water üDiscuss concrete QC tests and acceptability parameters. üFrequency of samples; number of test specimens, extra test specimens üAre field cure specimens required? Discuss validity of field cures. IBC 2012
Concrete Pre-Construction Checklists üInitial Curing of Test Specimens (ASTM C 31, section 10) Discuss plan. üSize of test specimens: 6” x 12” or 4” x 8” (4” x 8” - three 28 day tests) üDiscuss pick up of test specimens (weekends, holidays) üPlacement and finishing procedures (rebar, wire fabric, joint patterns) üProtection of slabs due to evaporation (retardants, wind breaks, misting) üProcedures for placing and finishing during extreme climatic conditions üProper people to discuss discrepancies with at job site? IBC 2012
Any Questions? For further information please contact: Alan Tuck, Executive Director CODE COMPLIANCE & TRAINING 540. 344. 7939 (office) 540. 798. 4440 (cell) atuck@fandr. com Copyright Materials This presentation is protected by US and International Copyright laws. Reproduction, distribution, display and use of the presentation without written permission of the speaker is prohibited. ©Froehling & Robertson, Inc. 2009 IBC 2012
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