Friendly Warning Multi-Chapter Test 3 Covers Chapters

Friendly Warning: Multi-Chapter Test (# 3) Covers Chapters 5 -6 -7 Thursday, 7 April 2016 (nine days from today)

Chapter 7 “Choo C’ Boogie” : The Post-War Era, 1946 -1954

Chapter 7 (outline) • Popular Music and Technology in the Postwar Era • The Rise of the Big Singers • Urban folk Music: The Weavers • The Mambo Craze (1949 -1955) • Southern Music in the Postwar Era • Rhythm & Blues • Vocal Harmony Groups • Country and Western Music

Mambo! • Ballroom dance, c. 1930 s (Cuban origins) • Derived from Danzón, montuno section • Modular form (repeated short ideas) • Peak of popularity - 1950 s -easy to do • Exs. (Perez Prado Band) Damaso Perez Prado (1916 -1989) – leading exponent of the “mambo” - MAMBO No 5 - PEREZ PRADO – You. Tube (Text book LG, 216 -7)

The Mambo Craze (mid-50 s) • Sophie Tucker – “The Middle Age Mambo” - Sophie Tucker -the middle age mambo - You. Tube • Ruth Brown – “Mambo Baby” - Mambo Baby - Ruth Brown • Perry Como – “Papa Loves Mambo” - Perry Como Papa Loves Mambo Perry Como Show '54 B&W ORGINAL • Rosemary Clooney – “Mambo Italiano” - Rosemary Clooney - Mambo Italiano - 1954 originals – You. Tube (Text book LG, p. 217 -8) • Leonard Bernstein, West Side Story, “Mambo” - West Side Story - Mambo!

Southern Music – post WW II • Billboard (1942) – new “Western & Race” category - later called: “American Folk Records” • Billboard (1949) – renames categories - “Race” becomes “Rhythm & Blues” - “Hillbilly” becomes “Country and Western” • Growth of these categories on: - Radio (average of more than 1 hour daily) - Jukebox (Southerners generally not in AFM) - Independent record labels (renewed prosperity)

Rhythm and Blues (new term) • • Was “Race” records for Black consumers Mixture of styles (united by audience) - Urbanized (southern) folk (Blues, etc. ) - Gospel harmonies - Tin Pan Alley crooners - “Jump” bands (smaller swing groups) • • • “Indie” labels, small (local) markets Payola (to promote records on black radio) Emergence of “Jump blues”

Louis Jordan (1908 -1975) • Born Arkansas - Father : band music teacher - performed on minstrel circuit • Chick Webb band (to 1938) - LJ develops stage persona - non-threatening, comedic actor • Leads own nine-piece band - soon reduced to “five” • Strong cross-over appeal - “Victory Records” - often scores on “white” charts • Top black recording artist - 113 weeks at No. 1 (all-time leader) - 18 # 1 hits, 54 top ten records (1940 s) “King of the Juke box”

Louis Jordan and His Tympany Five • • Louis Jordan -- What's the Use of Getting Sober – You. Tube (1942 # 1 Harlem) Caldonia / Louis Jordan – You. Tube (1945, # 1 R&B, # 6 Pop) Louis Jordan Singalong Choo C'Boogie (Text book LG, p. 221 -23) (1946, # 1 R&B, # 7 Pop) LOUIS JORDAN - AIN'T NOBODY HERE BUT US CHICKENS- 1956 – You. Tube (1946, # 1 R&B, # 6 Pop) Louis Jordan & The Tympany Five ~ Beans and Cornbread (1949) – You. Tube (1949, # 1 R&B) Strong Boogie Woogie beat Almost Rock ‘n Roll

“Muddy Waters” (Mc. Kinley Morganfield, 1915[? ]-1998) • Mississippi (plantation work) - harmonica, then guitar - Son House, Robert Johnson - Alan Lomax discovers (1941) • Chicago (from 1943) - opens for Big Bill Bronzy - Electric guitar (1945) - Chess Records • Exs. - Muddy Waters - Hoochie Coochie Man ( Chess 1954) – You. Tube (Text book LG p. 225 -6) - Got My Mojo Working Muddy Waters full version newport jazz - You. Tube

“Doo Wop” (Vocal Harmony Groups) • Based in Gospel Quartets • Mills Brothers (1930 -68) - Ex. Paper Doll • Dominoes (c. 1951) - Billy Ward coached Clyde Mc. Phatter lead • Exs. - Billy Ward and The Dominoes - Sixty Minute Man - You. Tube

Ruth Brown (1928 -2006) • Southern Gospel traditions • Big band, club singer • Signed to Atlantic Records - “House that Ruth Built” - leading R&B singer (1949 -55) • Ex. - RUTH BROWN - Mama He Treats Your Daughter Mean – You. Tube (Text book LG, p. 228 -30) • Advocate for R&B performers - sued for royalties (and won!) “Miss Rhythm” “The Queen of R&B”

Willie Mae “Big Mama” Thornton (1926 -1984) • • • Southern Baptist Vaudeville Circuit Houston, TX nightclubs “Rough” personality Exs. - Big Mama Thornton Hound Dog (1952) Blues You. Tube (Text book LG, p. 228 -30) - Big Mama Thornton - Ball And Chain

Country and Western Music • Continued broadening of C&W market • Radio Broadcasts in all parts of US - Boston, “Hayloft Jamboree” - Los Angeles, “Hometown Jamboree” • 1/3 of all record sales in 1950 • “Mainstreaming” - pop performers cover country - country performers go “pop” • Patti Page – country crossover - The Tennessee Waltz - singer Patti Page 1950 - How Much Is That Doggie In The Window - Patti Page - You. Tube

Eddy Arnold (1918 -2008) • 147 hits on Billboard charts (85 million copies sold!) • “Tennessee Plowboy” • The “Nashville Sound” - Crooning lead sing - Orchestral accompaniment - Background vocals • Exs. - Eddy Arnold - Bouquet of Roses (With Lyrics) – You. Tube (1947 crossover) - Eddy Arnold - You Don't Know Me Grand Ole Opry Classics – You. Tube - MAKE THE WORLD GO AWAY EDDY ARNOLD. mpg (1965)