Friendly Warning 1 Multi-Chapter Test 4

Friendly Warning # 1: Multi-Chapter Test (# 4) Covers most of Chapters 8 & 9 (and maybe a small part of 10? ) (see Review Sheets for specifics) Tuesday, 26 April 2016

Friendly Warning # 2 Final Exam Thursday, 28 April 2016 10: 00 am – 12: 50 pm Comprehensive “Study Session” for reviewing your own tests TBA (27 Apr ‘ 16? )

Chapter 9 “Good Vibrations” : American Pop and the British Invasion, the 1960 s

Chapter 9 (outline) • The Early 1960 s: Dance music and “Teenage Symphonies” • Berry Gordy and Motown • Brian Wilson and the Beach Boys • The Beatles, the British Invasion, and the American Response • [Remainder TBD]

American Bandstand (1952 -89) • Local Afternoon Dance Party (Phila. TV, Dick Clark hosts) • National (‘ 57), Weekends (’ 63) • Top 40 record format - “rate a record” (Ed Forsythe "Got A Lot Longer To Go" (Rate-A-Record Review) – You. Tube) - lip-syncing performers • Exs. - Theme song: American Bandstand Les Elgart Bandstand Boogie 1952 – You. Tube - Teenagers dancing: Danny & the Juniors At The Hop (American Bandstand 1958) You. Tube Dick Clark (1929 -2012) “World’s Oldest Teenager”

The Twist • Hank Ballard and the Midnighters (1957) - Ex. Hank Ballard - The Twist - You. Tube • 1960: Dick Clark - produces cover w/ Chubby Checker promoted on American Bandstand - Ex. Chubby Checker - The Twist – You. Tube - or Chubby Checker "The Twist" – You. Tube (AB) • The Peppermint Lounge (NYC) - Joey Dee – “The Peppermint Twist” - Ex. Joey Dee & The Starliters Peppermint Twist. - You. Tube • Spin-offs (a few): - Chubby Checker – “Let’s Twist Again” - The Beatles – “Twist and Shout” - Sam Cooke – “Twisting the Night Away” - Twist (dance) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Brill Building 1619 Broadway • North end of Times Square • Aldon Music locates here • “Vertical integration” of - songwriting - demos - publishing - recording & distribution • Producers in charge • Songwriting to order • Girl Groups

Brill Building Sound (early ‘ 60 s) Carole King (b. 1942) & Gerry Goffin (b. 1939) • Carol King & Gerry Goffin - THE SHIRELLES (HIGH QUALITY) - WILL YOU STILL LOVE ME TOMORROW – You. Tube (1960 - # 1 Pop) • Ellie Greenwich & Jeff Barry Ellie Greenwich (1940 -2009) & Jeff Barry (b. 1938) - The Ronettes - Be my baby (HQ) – You. Tube (1963 - # 2 Pop) (Text book LG, p. 292 -3) Barry Mann (b. 1939) & Cynthia Weill (b. 1940) • Barry Mann & Cynthia Weill - Uptown - The Crystals (Original Quintet) 1962 - You. Tube (1962 - # 13 Pop [Twist Album]) (Text book LG, p. 292 -3)

Phil Spector (b. 1939) • Session musician, composer, & producer • Producer as “star” • “Wall of Sound” • Examples Convicted of 2 nd degree murder (2009) - The Crystals - Then He Kissed Me – You. Tube [US # 6, UK # 2] - You. Tube - Righteous Brothers You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin' (45 RPM) [BMI: “Most played song of the 20 th Century”] • More Recently……

The “Wrecking Crew” (LA studio musicians) Carol Kaye

Motown

Berry Gordy (b. 1929) • Detroit- based (the “Motor City”) • Boxer, military, songwriter, etc. • 1959 – borrows $ 800 to start R&B label, UA distributes • 1960 – merges into MOTOWN - Mary Wells (1 st star) - Smokey Robinson (songwriter) • Ex. - Mary Wells-My Guy Lyrics (1964 song) (1964, #1 R& B of year) • “The Sound of Young America”

Motown • • • Producer in charge (Gordy) Detroit Session Musicians Holland-Dozier-Holland “Funk” Brothers (band) Head Arrangements Emphasis on Live Performers (over records) - Choreography - “Charm School” • “…buy this record or buy a sandwich? ”

The Temptations • The Distants, The Elgins, etc. • Motown contract (1961) - no hits for 3 -4 years - experiment w/ sound (who’s lead? ) • Breakthrough (1964) : You. Tube - The Temptations - The Way You Do The Things You Do (listen to the words) • You. Tube - My Girl (David Ruffin, lead) (text book LG, p. 297 -98) • The Temptations: My Girl and The Way You Do The Things You Do 1965 – You. Tube (examples of choreography) • 2 nd longest running Motown act (1961 -77, 1980 -2004)

The Supremes • Detroit high school cover act (doo wop, pop, soul, etc. ) • Motown contract (1961) • “no-hit” Supremes (1961 -63) • Diana Ross – lead w/ backups Florence Ballard & Mary White • Exs. - The Supremes - Where Did Our Love Go (Lyrics) – You. Tube (1964 # 1 pop) - The Supremes - Baby Love – You. Tube (1964 # 1 pop) - You Can't Hurry Love by The Supremes w/ lyrics – You. Tube (1966, # 1 pop) (text book LG, p. 297 -98) • Motown’s most commercially successful act

Holland-Dozier-Holland • Primary Motown Songwriting Team (1962 -7) • Brian Holland, Lamont Dozier, Edward Holland, Jr. • 1967 – dispute w/ Gordy - leave label in 1968 - 10 -year legal battle • 1968 – found Invictus and Hot Wax records • 1977 – Gordy wins lawsuit

The Funk Brothers • Motown “house” band - Detroit session players - 1959 -1972 • 13 core players (uncredited) • Innovative techniques - 2 drummers (most tracks) - unusual instruments & effects (toy piano, tire iron) • Disbanded 1972 - Motown moves to L. A. - few go west • Documentary: Standing in the Shadows of Motown