Framework Data Content - Governmental Boundaries Course Information The National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI) Framework is a collaborative initiative to develop geographic datasets that are compatible based upon spatial location and content. The Framework approach allows data collected for variety of reasons and agencies to work together seamlessly; which can ultimately reduce project costs and increase interagency cooperation. The Framework Data Content Base Standards Suite dictates the requirements for Framework data. This course covers the fundamentals of the Framework Data Theme: as developed by the Framework Data Content Standard. It is designed for users who are both interested in an overview of the Framework Data Content Standard Governmental Boundaries theme as well as designers and developers implementing Framework data, and associated tools specific to Governmental Boundaries data. Prerequisites • General Understanding of GIS, Geospatial Data and Metadata • Familiarity with the FGDC and NSDI • Basic knowledge of Geographic Data Standards (specifically ISO 19100 series) • Completion of Framework Data Content Base Standard Course Related Topics NSDI Training Tracks: An initiative to define areas, topics, and materials for training within the NSDI. ISO 19100 Series: Suite of standards developed for geographic data and datasets. The most notable is ISO 19135 which pertains to metadata. ANSI Standards: Similar work to ISO, but standards directly apply to data created within the United States.
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Learning Objectives Understand Governmental Boundaries Data Course modules • Understanding Governmental Boundaries • Governmental Boundaries s (Part 5) of the Framework Data Content Standard • Implementing the Governmental Boundaries Standard • Course Review Estimated Time Estimated time for the entire course is 100 minutes. Comprehend basics of Governmental Boundaries framework standard Understand how to implement the standard
Module 1: Understanding Governmental Boundaries Topics • What is Governmental Boundaries Data • Types of Governmental Boundaries Data • Governmental Boundaries in Action • Module Exercise and Summary First Topic What is Governmental Boundaries Data Time Requirement Estimated time for this module is 30 minutes
What Are Governmental Boundaries Data This standard and training materials focus on Governmental Boundaries, Administrative Units, Statistical Units and Other Units • A governmental unit is a geographic area with legally defined boundaries established under Federal, Tribal, State, or local law, and with the authority to elect or appoint officials and raise revenues through taxes. • An administrative unit is a geographic area established by rule or regulation of a legislative, executive, or judicial governmental authority, a non-profit organization, or private industry for the execution of some function. • A statistical unit is a geographic area defined for the collection, tabulation, and/or publication of demographic, and/or other statistical data. • Other units are those geographic areas that are not governmental units, administrative units, or statistical units as defined herein, and are not areas that are defined or described in other framework parts. next Topic Governmental Boundaries Data in Action http: //www. fedstats. gov/qf/
Governmental Boundaries Data Spatial data is a visual representation of a real world feature, for these materials the real world features being represented are s. There are many types of s including: Interstates, federal highways, state highways, rural s, and unimproved s (two-tracks, etc). Additionally, as you can see below, there are many different ways to represent this data. Thus there is a need for some basic standards to allow people to share the s data they created. As we progress through these materials we will see the need and importance of the Framework Data Content Governmental Boundaries s standard. http: //www. oxfordsp. com/directions-park. html next Topic Governmental Boundaries in action http: //cache. eb. com/eb/image? id=64896&rend. Type. Id=4 http: //www. fsc. edu/aboutus/directions
Governmental Boundaries in action Below are two different examples of Governmental Boundaries. One at the State Level and one at the Country Level. Both clearly show the way the landscape has been delimited by a given government. Furthermore, it becomes clear that boundaries serve different purposes. As such a Framework standard for these boundaries needs to give the flexibility to facilitate these different needs while at the same time providing the information needed to allow for quality data creation and transfer. http: //www. gis. state. mn. us/MSDI/workgroups/Boundaries. htm next Topic Governmental Boundaries Exercise http: //www. screenlinks. org/region. asp
Governmental Boundaries s Module 1 exercise Governmental Boundaries data is being applied and used in real world projects by many different agencies. These agencies use Governmental Boundaries data for a variety of reasons. Now that you have some basic Governmental Boundaries knowledge let’s see some a Governmental Boundaries data set in action. Step 1) Open an Internet Browser and proceed to: http: //sco. az. gov/website/geoserver/ Step 2) Explore the mapping service Step 3) Turn on different layers and pan around the map Step 4) Notice how many different boundaries are present in this one application, also notice how each boundary may serve a different purpose. Step 5) Close all Internet windows and proceed with the course next Topic Module Summary
Module Summary Understanding Governmental Boundaries • Governmental Boundaries data is describes how people delinate a landscape • Many different Governmental Boundaries features can be collected, mapped, and utilized for a variety of reasons • Different Boundaries serve different purposes. next Topic Module 2: Governmental Boundaries s (Part 5) of the Framework Data Content Standard
Module 2: Governmental Boundaries s (Part 7 c) of the Framework Data Content Standard Time Requirement Topics Estimated time for this module is 30 minutes • What is the Governmental Boundaries Standard • Purpose for Standard Key Terms • Goals of the Standard • Capacities of the Standard • Standard Related Contact Information • Module Exercise and Summary Governmental Boundaries Framework Standard Framework
What is the Governmental Boundaries s standard The Governmental Boundaries Framework Data Content Standard: • One of the seven themes defined as Framework data • Establishes a baseline for Governmental Boundaries data collection and distribution • Builds on the Framework Data Content Base Standard and Framework Governmental Boundaries s Standard. • Only when a dataset meets the requirements set forth in its thematic standard part and the Framework Base Standard can it be considered Framework data. Next Topic Purpose for the Standard Quick Facts Each Framework standard part was developed and edited by thematic experts Governmental Boundaries is one of the seven themes of Framework data. Each has a separate standard, some including subparts. All standards use the Framework Data Content Base Standard as the baseline for this data.
Purpose for the Standard The purpose of the Geographic Information Framework Data Content Standard, Part 5: Governmental Unit and Other Geographic Area Boundaries is to establish the content requirements for the collection and interchange of governmental units and other geographic area boundary data and to facilitate the maintenance and use of that information. It identifies and defines the terminology, encoding schema, and data components required to describe a geographic area and its boundary. This part applies to the following types of geographic areas: • Governmental units • Administrative units • Statistical units • Other units Next Topic Goals of the Standard
Goals for the Governmental Boundaries s Standard • The goal of the Governmental Boundaries part of the Framework Data Content Standard is to provide common definitions and syntax to enable collaborative development, use, and exchange of data specific to Governmental Boundaries data • The audience for this part of the standard includes Governmental Boundaries data users, maintainers, and distributors. Specific guidance on the implementation of the data that meets framework specifications for governmental boundaries is outlined Next Topic Capacities of the Standard
Capacities for the Governmental Boundaries Standard The development of this part of the Framework Data Content Standard will greatly assist in mitigating the following issues: • Duplication of data and application development • Complications exchanging Governmental Boundaries data and information • Difficulties integrating data • Poor framework/support for analytic activities • Difficulties managing multiple representations of features next Topic Contact Info More Information The FGDC is the responsible organization for coordinating work on all parts of the Geographic Information Framework Data Content Standard. The United States Department of Governmental Boundaries (USDOT), working with the FGDC, is the responsible organization for coordinating work on the Geographic Information Framework Data Content Standard, Part 7: Governmental Boundaries s and subparts (Parts 7 a, 7 b, 7 c, and 7 d, excluding 7 e) and is directly responsible for development and maintenance of the Governmental Boundaries parts (excluding 7 e) of the Framework Data Content Standard.
Who to Contact for Questions about the Governmental Boundaries s Standard Part Federal Geographic Data Committee Secretariat c/o U. S. Geological Survey 590 National Center Reston, Virginia 20192 USA Telephone: (703) 648 -5514 Facsimile: (703) 648 -5755 Internet (electronic mail): gdc@fgdc. gov WWW Home Page: http: //www. fgdc. gov next Topic Module 2 Exercise Standard Coordination The FGDC is the responsible organization for coordinating work on all parts of the Geographic Information Framework Data Content Standard. The development and maintenance authority for Part 6: Governmental Boundaries is held jointly by the U. S. Geological Survey and U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. The FGDC shall be the sole organization responsible for direct coordination with the Inter. National Committee for Information Technology Standards (INCITS) concerning any maintenance or any other requirements mandated by INCITS or ANSI.
Governmental Boundaries Module exercise 1. Open up an Internet browser 2. Search for maps that show different boundaries that exist where you live: Town limits, zip codes, parcels, land use, etc 3. Compare these different maps, look for the things that are common to all the boundaries and those things that are unique. Consider these things as you continue with the training materials. next Topic Module Summary
Module summary • The goal of the Governmental Boundaries s part of the Framework Data Content Standard is to provide common definitions and model to enable collaborative development, use, and exchange of Governmental Boundaries data. • Establish the content requirements for the collection and interchange of Governmental Boundaries features • The Governmental Boundaries part is one of the seven themes of Framework Data next Topic Module 3: Governmental Boundaries s Requirements
Module 3: Governmental Boundaries Requirements Time Requirement Topics Estimated time for this module is 60 minutes • Framework Data Content Governmental Boundaries s Standard Requirements • Encoding and Implementing the Standard Key Terms • Module Summary UML Coding Elements Feature Relationships First Topic Governmental Boundaries Standard Requirements
Framework Data Standard Governmental Boundaries Requirements In this module you will learn about the three different requirements for Framework Governmental Boundaries data, as specified in the standard. Each requirement is addressed as a separate topic, however more attention may be given to certain requirements as they are the most crucial requirements for creating Framework quality Governmental Boundaries data. Many of the requirements are specific UML features. For these requirements the a brief description of the component will be included. Please see the UML chart and associated tables, included as an appendix for more specifics. Additionally encoding and implementation will be covered briefly. Also note that data dictionaries, and code lists and standard annex’s are provided as a pdf with these materials for further clarification and instruction. next Topic Governmental Boundaries Requirements Continued
Framework Data Standard Governmental Boundaries Requirements The diagram to the right is the UML flow chart for the Framework Governmental Boundaries Standard. This diagram shows the components and relationships that comprise the Framework Governmental Boundaries Standard. UML is designed to show these relationships in a generic manner without specifying a coding language or specific software needed to complete the task. For more information about UML visit http: //www. uml. org next Topic Governmental Boundaries Requirements Continued
Framework Data Standard Governmental Boundaries Requirements The following is a list of the four main components to the Governmental Boundaries Standard including a brief description of the requirement: 1. Content Model The content model for geographic area boundary data documented in the following subsections and codified in the UML diagram and data dictionary sections below includes geographic area features, geographic area boundary features, and geographic area relationships. Additional components of the content model: • Geographic area feature - Data representing a geographic area feature instance shall provide complete identification of a geographic area, and its type. • Geographic area boundaries - Data representing the boundary of a geographic area feature shall be provided as c complete polygon geometry attributes of the geographic area feature, or as a set of boundary features with curve geometries, or both. • Geographic area relationships - Optional data may be provided to represent maintenance relationships and spatial relationships between two or more geographic areas and their boundaries. • Maintenance relationships - A maintenance relationship exists when there is a relative dependency between two or more geographic areas for maintaining common boundary or area information. See standard for the rules that apply to maintenance relationships next Topic Governmental Boundaries Requirements Continued
Framework Data Standard Governmental Boundaries Requirements 2. UML model The UML diagram was introduced earlier, however it is a major component in the Governmental Boundaries Standard, as such a larger version is provided to the right. Notice the relationships and instances allowed in the UML diagram next Topic Governmental Boundaries Requirements Continued
Framework Data Standard Governmental Boundaries Requirements 3. Data Dictionary The data dictionary provides all entity and attribute definitions, domains, obligations/conditions, maximum occurrences and data types for elements depicted in the UML model. The data dictionary is to large to provide in a user friendly format in these materials, so a list of the elements is listed below. A complete copy of the data dictionary is provided as an appendix to these materials Data Dictionary Elements: • Govt. Units • Geographic. Area • Governmental. Unit • Administrative. Unit • Statistical. Unit • Other. Unit • Boundary • Maintainance. Relationship • Spatial. Relationship • Boundary. Classifier Code list and enumerations Additionally a code and enumerations list accompanies the data dictionary to provide a level of consistency between data sets and types. Codelist and Enumerations next Topic Encoding and Implementation
Encoding and implementation The process of encoding is simply formatting or structuring data in a regulated manner. The Framework standards are encoded by applying the application schemas through the use of several different modeling and markup languages: • Unified Modeling Language (UML) • Extensible Markup Language (XML) • Geographic Markup Language (GML) Specific knowledge of each language is important for data and tool designers; for more information see the Framework Base Standard Training Materials. next Topic Module Review The Bigger Picture The Framework Standards do not have a specific application schema that can be implemented. Implementation of the Framework Standards in relation to data and tool creation occurs at thematic level. Each thematic part complies with the Framework Base Standard. As such a layer (for example) created in accordance with the Framework Governmental Boundaries s part meets all Framework requirements.
Module 3: Governmental Boundaries Requirements Summary • Three different requirements, with multiple subparts are specified by the Framework Governmental Boundaries Standard • This module covers the specifications for Governmental Boundaries framework data implementation • Provides rigid requirements to ensure proper structure and documentation for Governmental Boundaries data • UML diagrams and data dictionaries provide specifics for programmers and data creators to develop Governmental Boundaries data that meets Framework specifications next Topic Module 4: Standard Implementation
Module 4: Examples, Exercise, and Certificate Topics • Implementation Example • Review Exercise • Certificate of Completion next Topic Review Exercise
Implementation Example next Topic Exercise The example above, illustrates how governmental boundary data can be implemented and how that data is reflected in the data dictionary and in a map.
Governmental Boundaries Exercise 1. Click on the following hyperlink: http: //www. michigan. gov/cgi/0, 1607, 7 -158 -12618 -31485 --, 00. html 2. Review the site and learn about how Michigan is implementing Framework into their applications 3. Pay specific attention to references to Governmental Boundaries to see how the Framework data next Topic Course completion
Course Certificate Congratulations, you have successfully completed the Framework Governmental Boundaries s Standard Training! In order to print the certificate below you will need a copy of Adobe Acrobat Reader, http: //www. adobe. com/products/acrobat/readstep 2. html. After you open the certificate file, type your name and today’s date on the name/date line and print. Click here to receive course certificate
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