Final Countdown The exam is coming
Indefinite verbal forms TO DO DO DOING Infinitive Bare infinitive Reminder Some verbs are used only with gerund Gerund Forms I heard you sing Let him go Participle Adverbial participle I’d better/rather go I do believe! DOING | DONE
Modals Can/could Must Should Need Be to 1. Unchanged 2. One more verb 3. No “not” or “what” 4. No future Used to Would Dare May/might Should Have to Ought to Will
Introductory words To be more precise Точнее говоря Above all Прежде всего It goes without saying Само собой разумеется In other words Другими словами As to/as for Что касается Therefore Поэтому It makes sense to (say) Имеет смысл (сказать) And so on/And so forth И так далее In a nutshell Короче говоря Besides Кроме того
Prefixes Unexpected, inaccurate immoral, illegal etc. Negative (inverse meaning) Un, In (Im, Ir, Il) A Disconnected, decoded Antithesis, nonmetallic Negative (not inversion) Dis, De, Anti, Non Paired prefixes Cooperation, pre-war, Overestimated, intracellular Co/Counter, Pre/Post, Over/Under, Inter/Intra Prefixes of action Misunderstand, Redo, Enact Mis, Re, En And also Ultra (as over) Ex (think about presidents and BF) Sub (deeper in your mind)
Suffixes 1 2 3 Noun -tion -sion -xion Adjective Verb -less -ful -able -ize/-ise -en -fy -ate -ure -age -ment -al -ent/-ant -er/-or/-ar -ee -ian -ous -(s)ive -ic -ish -ant 4 -ence -ance -ness -hood -ship -ism -ry -ist -(l)y -ary -i -ese -al Adverb -ly -wards -wise http: //www. ppt. prtxt. ru
Acronyms AFK AFAIK Away from keyboard As far as I know FYI JMO For your information Just my opinion IOW In other words BBL / BRB Be back later / Be right back
Compounded nouns First syllable is always stressed Noun compound • Noun + noun • Noun + prep. • Noun + adjective • Noun + verb • Adjective + noun • Prep. + noun • Participle + noun Not noun compound Opened Hyphenated Closed • Adjective + participle • Adjective + verb • Preposition + verb • Verb + adverb • Verb + preposition • Word + preposition + word
Prepositions Simple In / On / At Time And don’t forget about verbs that use only one kind of prepositions
Good luck on the final exam