Figurative Language Metaphors, Similes, Personification, Idiom, Hyperbole, and Allusion
Metaphor • When two seemingly unlike objects are compared to each other without using comparing words such as ‘like’, ‘as’, ‘seems’, or ‘than’.
Examples • The bright sun is an orange that could be picked right out of the sky and eaten. • What two objects are being compared? • What does this metaphor mean?
Examples • The teacher swooped in quickly and snatched the note from the student’s hand with her sharp, greedy, talons. • What two things are being compared? • What does this metaphor mean?
Examples • The large, round, bowling ball of a defensive tackle sped down the alley and crashed into the quarterback. • What objects are being compared? • What does this metaphor mean?
Now it’s your turn! • With your partner, create two of your own original metaphors. • Write down what objects are being compared and what your metaphor means. • Share your metaphors with the class.
Simile • Compares to seemingly unlike objects using comparing words such as ‘like’, ‘as’, ‘seems’, or ‘than. ’
Examples • The bright glowing sun looked as if it could be plucked right out of the sky and eaten. • What two objects are being compared? • What does this simile mean?
Examples • Turning, they ran to the front of the building lined up in two long lines, and marching like little tin soldiers disappeared inside the school. • What objects are being compared? • What does this simile mean?
Examples • He just lay there in the sunshine, all stretched out and limber as a rag. • What objects are being compared? • What does this simile mean?
Time Out by Jana Ghossein Help! Oh how much my heart hurts! My mouth is as dry as a desert. My throat is sore. My voice is a goner. My heart is beating as fast as a tiger. My hand is a rattling snake. My face is a tomato. Bye bye, boring life. I cannot take it anymore. I lay my head, upon my knee. Now blow the whistle referee!
Now it’s your turn! • With your partner, create two of your own original similes. • Write down what objects are being compared and what your simile means. • Share your similes with the class.
Metaphor or Simile? • Read the following examples of metaphors or similes. • Determine if the sentence is a metaphor or a simile. • Explain how you know. • Be able to tell the class what objects are being compared and what the metaphor or simile means.
Metaphor or Simile? • By the time I had reached the river, every nerve in my body was drawn up as tight as a fiddle string. • Like a king in his own domain, it towered far above the smaller trees.
Metaphor or Simile? • “You had better get out of there, ” I said. “If that tree takes a notion to fall, it’ll mash you flatter than a tadpoles tail. ” • “The streets were a furnace, and the sun an executioner. ”
Metaphor or Simile? • The rain fell from the sky in long, sharp needles and struck me as I ran to shelter. • We are all ants working tirelessly, day to day for all eternity, to fulfill the whims of the queen.
Personification • Figurative language when a nonhuman objects is given human characteristics or traits.
Examples • The wind whistled a gloomy tune as it blew through darkening forest. • Thousands of blades of grass massaged my back while I lay staring at the cloudless sky. • What is being personified? • What does each personification mean?
Examples • “Fear knocked on the door. Faith answered. There was no one there. ” • "Pimento eyes bulged in their olive sockets. Lying on a ring of onion, a tomato slice exposed its seedy smile. . " • What is being personified?
Now it’s your turn! • With your partner, create two of your own original examples of personification. • Write down what objects are being personified and what human qualities they are given. • Share your personification with the class.
Wind By J. Kurnath The wind dances in on Trotting horses’ feet It stops in a golden Valley looking about through Fiery eyes, and then rages past At a mighty gallop.
Create Your Own Nature Personication Poem • • • Directions: Line 1 Title + (How it arrives or begins) Line 2 Tell what it does Line 3 Tell how it does it Line 4 Tell where it is Line 5 Tell how it leaves
Hyperbole • An extreme exaggeration or overstatement.
Examples • I am so hungry I could eat a horse. • I have a million things to do. • I had to walk 15 miles to school in the snow, uphill. • I had a ton of homework. • If I can’t buy that new game, I will die. • He is as skinny as a toothpick. • This car goes faster than the speed of light.
Appetite • In a house the size of a postage stamp lived a man as big as a barge. His mouth could drink the entire river You could say it was rather large For dinner he would eat a trillion beans And a silo full of grain, Washed it down with a tanker of milk As if he were a drain.
Thanksgiving • A mountain of baby carrots, a turkey the size of a cow. a river full of gravy a dog that says meow Every pie known to man and gallons full of ice cream. By the time my dinner is over I surely won’t be lean.
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