FEDERAL GOVERNMENT 1
THE THREE BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT * Legislative * Executive * Judicial 2
THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH House of Representatives and Senate 3
LEGISLATIVE BRANCH • Also called Congress. • Meet in the Capitol Building in Washington, DC. 4
LEGISLATIVE BRANCH • 2 Houses – House of Representatives – Senate • Responsibility is to make (create) laws. • Can Declare War 5
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES • 435 Seats • Number of seats determined by state population. • Leader is called Speaker of the House. • Power to Impeach President. • All bills (laws) must pass in the House before going to the President. 6
SENATE • • 100 seats -2 seats per state - separate vote Vice President is President of Senate Leader = President pro tempore All laws must pass in the Senate before going to the President. 7
THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH 8
EXECUTIVE BRANCH • Responsible for enforcing the laws. • President is the head of the Executive Branch. • Term is for 4 years - only 2 in a row 9
Qualifications to be President • Must be a natural born citizen • Must be at least 35 years old • Must be 14 years a resident within the United States 10
Powers of President • Commander and Chief of the Army and Navy • Pardons • Veto laws • Can call Congress into session • Makes treaties • Appoint Supreme Court Justices 11
EXECUTIVE BRANCH • President creates cabinet - These people are advisors who specialize in a certain area 12
THE JUDICIAL BRANCH 13
JUDICIAL BRANCH • Responsible for interpreting the law • Final court of appeals for state and federal cases. • Supreme Court Justices hold the position for life or until retirement 14
JUDICIAL BRANCH • 9 Justices • 150 cases per year - over 5000 requests • 4 Justices need to agree to hear a case 15
JUDICIAL BRANCH • Civil Cases - sue, divorce, contracts, any case that does not involve a crime • Criminal Cases - commit a crime • Defendant - the person on trial • Plaintiff - person who brought case to court • Prosecutor - represents city, state, people in a criminal case 16
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