Factor 5 Flow City Future Images of Sustainable Urban Development in the Baltic Sea Region Per G Berg Landscape Planning Department, SLU Uppsala
The Planetary Shield is Injured
Here it is: our endangered atmospheric shield
The Cities in the Baltic Sea Region is a part of the Problem
So What is a Factor Five Flow City?
Definition 1: Factor 5 City l A factor 5 City has reduced its need for life support areas to 20% of the present situation, without compromising with the citizens’ access to culture, parks, service, education and work places.
Definition 2 : Flow City l Physical, economic, organisational and other resources continuously streaming or being exchanged in a dynamic system (e. g. a city). E. g. flows of energy, money, traffic, laundry and knowledge. Also a light state of mind – a psychological sense of Context.
Definition 3: Factor 5 Flow City l FFFC is a semi-quantitative metaphor for a city with radically less need for physical life support and with far less cultural, social and organisational “friction” than today.
Factor five flow city = 5 x more efficient than today Uses only 20% of the fossile fuels of today l Has only 20% of the nutrient losses l Reduce transport CO 2 -exhaust with 80% l Has a five time longer ”active” coastline between built and green structues l Produces the same social, organisational and cultural resources with only a fifth of the ecosystems life support area. l
Is this a Good Example?
I was just kidding….
There are good FFFC house level examples – The Lindås house without Heat System
FFFC communities – Hågaby model area: 50 aspects of SD.
There also good FFFC plans for townscape areas
Examples of Factor Five Flow City Candidates TOWNS (Baltic Reg) l Livani, Latvia l Hällefors, Sweden l Hannover, Germany l Novgorod, Russia l Sopot, Poland l Turku, Finland CITIES l Vancouver l Seattle l Münich l Hong Kong l Stockholm l Curitiba
Factor five flow Regions l l l The Baltic Sea Region Mediterranian region Alp-Adriatic Region North West U. S. and Canada North-West Russia Southern Africa
Why Factor 5 Flow City?
The Carrying Capacity of Soils CULTURE l l l YEAR IND / km 2 Hunters and Gatherers <4000 B. C. 1 Slash-Burn Agriculture 4000 -1000 B. C. 20 Permanent Agriculture 1000 -1800 50 Meadow-field Agriculture 1800 -1950 200 Modern Agriculture 19503000 Looks good, doesn’t it?
Simultaneously……
Life-Support areas (LSA) are too large Carl Folke et al. 1997. AMBIO
The ratio between City and LSA City – Life-support-Area City-Primary Production: 1: 200 City-Waste Assimilation area 1: 550 -1200 City- Total Life-Support Area ~ 1: 1000 The Goal is: 1: 200 = Factor 5
Or expressed as footprints: 29 largest BSR cities appropriate 75 -150% of the Baltic Sea Drainage Basin
How can FFFC be realised?
Seven planning resources (framework) for a Factor Five Flow City – adopted from the Habitat Agenda (1996 and 2001) P A E C B S O
A factor five flow culture…. l l l l Conserve physical resources and introduce renewable energy, materials and waters Decouple economy from environmental impact Fractally integrate green and built structures Forms an organisationally efficient city, town, community and settlement structure Upholds strong social communities supporting a sustainable and healthy lifestyle Always emphasises its local cultures over time Designs intersensory supportive human habitats
Conserve physical resources: energy, materials and waters The Renewable Diversity Era l The Bio-Detoxification Era l The Dematerialisation Era l The Cascade Coupling Era l The Sustainable Lifestyle Era l The Lighter Backpack Era l
Non-renewable Uranium: Formation time: >3 billion years
Non-renewable Carbon: Formation time: 300 million years
Half-renewable. Peat: formation time: 300 to 3000 years
Renewable Bio-Pellets : Formation time: 3 -30 years
Renewable Solar energy : Formation time: 0. 000 3 Seconds
The Chinese Thermos
The New Solar Heat Cool Storage Miracle Machine from Climate. Well
The Detoxification Era: Our invisible Allies
The Dematerialisation Era: Step 1 Prime minister’s Heat absorbers
The Dematerialisation ERA: Step 2: The Factor 5 Rubber Cloth Absorber
The Dematerialisation Era: Step 3 – The factor 1000 Chinese Thermos
The cascade coupling Era: The Living machine
The Sustainable Lifestyle Era
The Lighter Backpack Era
CONCLUSIONS: The Factor Five flow City:
Decouples Economic Growth from Environmental Impact – the Factor 5 Car (energy and materials)
Fractally integrate built and Green structures…
…Utilises the Green-Blue City Coast = factor 5 longer than a compact circle
Forms an efficient communities-, transport-, and information-infrastructure = factor 5
Upholds strong communities supporting a sustainable and healthy factor 5 lifestyle
Always emphasises its local Heritage over time, which contributes to a Factor 5 lifestyle
Designs intersensory supportive human habitats = supports factor 5 lifestyle
Programme 2006 -2010: Factor Five Flow City in 10 Baltic Region Cities l l l 10 comprehensive plans 50 years futures studies on Factor five flow adataption 10 core researchers 50 assisting senior and junior researchers Practitioners and communication teams continuously reviewing
Factor 5 Flow City Per G Berg Landscape Planning Department, SLU Uppsala INFO and LINKS: per. berg@lpul. slu. se WWW. LPUL. SLU. SE
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