FAA Systems Engineering Directorate Briefing to the PAR-WG Presented to: Phased Array Radar Working Group By: Jim Williams Date: 5 December 2006 Federal Aviation Administration
Background • FAA Flight Plan and Enterprise Architecture (EA) Provides the Direction for the Agency – The EA governs agency investments – EA required for all federal agency to satisfy OMB* (*reference http: //www. whitehouse. gov/omb/egov/a-1 -fea. html) Multi Function Phased Array Radar Federal Aviation Administration 2
Federal Enterprise Architecture • Objective of an Enterprise Architecture is to be Business Driven in Investment Decisions, It Supports: – Budget Allocation – Performance Measurement – Cross-Agency Collaboration • “…connects an organization’s strategic plan with program and system solution implementation by providing business and technology details to guide and constraint investments in a consistent, coordinated and integrated fashion. ” – GAO-05 -266 • OMB A-130: The EA provides a strategy that will enable the agency to support its current state and also act as the roadmap for transition to its target environment. Multi Function Phased Array Radar Federal Aviation Administration 3
FAA Enterprise Architecture Management FAA Enterprise Architecture NAS Enterprise Architecture Non NAS Enterprise Architecture ATO-P, Systems Engineering FAA AIO Multi Function Phased Array Radar Federal Aviation Administration 4
NAS Enterprise Architecture • NAS EA consists of service, operational and infrastructure views – Infrastructure Roadmap Consists of: • • Automation Communications Surveillance Navigation Weather Facilities Mission Support • Focus for this Group is on Surveillance and Weather Roadmaps Multi Function Phased Array Radar Federal Aviation Administration 5
Surveillance Roadmap Assumptions • Migrate to Automatic Dependent Surveillance - Broadcast (ADS-B) as primary means of surveillance – Airspace rule to be in effect and backup to be in place by 2020 (compliance date) • Existing surveillance infrastructure will remain in place until then • Backup to mitigate loss of on-board GPS positioning source required – Backup strategy in development, results expected by end of November 2006 – Roadmap assumes reduced secondary surveillance network as backup (after 2020) • Dependent on Backup Strategy, Plan is to: – Retain all en route beacons (~150 monopulse systems with selective interrogation) – Retain limited set of terminal beacons (~ 40 monopulse systems with selective interrogation) – Terminal primary radars are retained • Dependent on Backup Strategy, Plan is to: – Need for additional systems dependent on emerging weather surveillance requirements; roadmap assumes all terminal primary radars required – Use as safety (ATC) backup in selected terminal areas (~100 locations) Multi Function Phased Array Radar Federal Aviation Administration 6
Surveillance Roadmap Assumptions • • • Pending ADS-B Backup Strategy JRC approval, the ASR-11 program may be extended to replace a limited number of ASR 8/ATCBI systems If Backup Strategy retains the Primary and Secondary Radars at selected locations past 2020, then additional tech refresh/SLEP work may be required Surface primary radars no longer required after ADS-B rule compliance date – Requires mandated equipage of all surface vehicles – Surface surveillance to be supported by ADS-B – Multilateration will be retained as a backup to ADS-B at all ASDE airports • Multilateration will replace PRM system – At non ASDE-X location full Multilateration is required • • Migration of en route Primary Radars to single agency/multi-user En route primary radars not required for normal ATC operations Multi Function Phased Array Radar Federal Aviation Administration 7
Surveillance Roadmap 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2 a En Route << LRR << Mode S 2 a 2 << ATCBI-4/5 ATCBI-6 New Beacon 9 2 a << ASR-9 2 << ASR-8 Replace ASRs at mortality 7 2 2 a 7 New Primary Radar ASR-11 10 << ATCBI-4/5 8 2 << Mode S 2 2 a Decommission remainder 8 Implement NAS-Wide ADS-B Decommission all X X New Beacon (limited deployment) (incl. TIS-B and FIS-B) 1 NGATS Surveillance Replace all ASR-7 s << ASR-7 Terminal Retain beacons as backup 8 Replace all en route ATCBI-4/5 s Retain reduced set of beacons as backup Surface << PRM Use MLAT for PRM 4 PRM-A Add MLAT to ASDE-3 sites Decommission primaries 5 << ASDE-3 ASDE-X/3 X (incl ADS-B) 3 2 a RWSL Multi Function Phased Array Radar 5 6 NGATS VT X Remove surface primary radars Federal Aviation Administration 8
Surveillance Roadmap Decisions 1 2 2 a 3 4 5 6 7 8 2007 - Investment decision for ADS-B/TIS-B/FIS-B Segment 2 (NAS wide) implementation, including backup strategy (limited secondary radar backup assumed as one of the options) 2007 - Investment decision for legacy radar/beacon (ASR-8/ATCBI-4/5, ASR 9/Mode S) low activity refresh through 2020 (limited extension ASR-11 deployment) 2009 – Investment decision for implementing IP address at radar facilities for distribution to all users 2007 – Decision for JRC-2 A approval of RWSL at selected airports 2009 - Decision for migration of PRM to PRM-A, based on multilateration 2012 – Decision for surveillance capability to support NGATS virtual tower implementation 2014 - Decision for removal of surface primary radars, based on implementation of ADS-B 2014 - Decision for replacement of legacy primary radars (ASR-8, ASR-9), based on air traffic safety and weather surveillance requirements 2014 - Decision for en route and limited terminal replacement of legacy beacons (Mode S), and removal of remaining systems (Mode S, ATCBI-4/5) Multi Function Phased Array Radar Federal Aviation Administration 9
Surveillance Roadmap Decisions 9 10 2024 - Decision for replacement of en route beacons (ATCBI-6) 2024 - Decision for replacement of terminal primary radars (ASR-11 PSR) and removal of terminal beacons (ASR-11 MSSR) Multi Function Phased Array Radar Federal Aviation Administration 10
Weather Roadmap Assumptions Weather Sensor Sustainment Issues • • • Weather information from ASR-9/11 continues to be required even if surveillance no longer ground based (6 -level weather channel) Evaluate need for Wind Shear/Microburst functionality to be ground based (SE study) Rulemaking to support equipage for in situ aircraft observations (MDCRS and TAMDAR-like systems) Ø Migrate Weather to common Network Enabled Operations (NEO) communications Ø Issues re Convergence of Wx Processing Capability • Develop CWI (CIWS-WARP Integration) o Weather and Radar Processor (WARP) End of Service o Continuation of Corridor Integrated Weather System (CIWS) prototype until CWI “stands up” • Develop NGATS General Weather Processor (GWP) o Fund NGATS GWP o GWP subsumes most of the functionality of CWI and ITWS (may not be FAA ‘box’) Ø Fund FAA portion of NGATS 4 -D “virtual distributed” database (Wx Fuser) Multi Function Phased Array Radar Federal Aviation Administration 11
Weather Roadmap - Sensors 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 LLWAS-RS/NE ASR-WSP FAA Sensors TDWR TR 1 TR 3 TDWR SLEP 2 ASR-9/11 WX Channel NEXRAD 4 NEXGEN Weather Radar S 7 Dual Polarization 5 NEXRAD SLEP or Replacement AWOS/ASOS AWSS 6 Non FAA Sensors SAWS MDCRS 8 PIREPS 7 Enhanced MDCRS Mandatory Equipage MDCRS & TAMDAR A 11 Multi Function Phased Array Radar Auto PIREP Entry ERAM Federal Aviation Administration 12
Weather Roadmap Decisions (1 of 3) 1 • 2009 – Investment decision to sustain LLWAS-RS WS capability – TR 2011 -2012 2 • 2007 – Investment decision for TDWR SLEP 3 • 2018 – Decision to decommission wind shear/microburst systems (LLWAS-RS & ASR-WSP) based on improved, more widespread pilot training and possible coverage from NEXRAD Replacement (see 5 ). Requires Eng. study & update to Integrated Wind Shear Or decision to replace with less expensive weather radar. 4 • 2019 – Decision to replace TDWR, ASR-9 WSP, TDWR and ASR-9/11 with less expensive weather radar. S 7 • 2014 – Decision on terminal primary radar right-sizing (continuation, reduction, or removal from service - decision 6 on Surveillance Roadmap) could dictate replacement with Wx radar 5 • 2018 – Investment Decision for NEXRAD – SLEP or replacement 6 • 2016 – Investment Decision to consolidate automated surface observing systems and backup • 2016 – Investment decision for CWI/ITWS to accept Enhanced MDCRS data (humidity & 7 turbulence) plus TAMDAR data 8 • 2007 – Investment Decision to obtain TAMDAR data A 11 • 2011 – Automatic entry of PIREPs on ERAM to collect 90% of PIREPs not captured today Multi Function Phased Array Radar Federal Aviation Administration 13
Weather Roadmap - Dissemination, Processing & Display 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 Dissemination 10 NAS Wx Reqm’ts WARP WINS 11 ADAS 11 WMSCR 11 SWIM (Segment 1) 12 ADAS ALDARS TR 12 a CAP TWIP WARP 13 CIWS Proto CWI NGATS GWP Processing & Display Requirements ITWS 14 a 13 15 14 14 a 14 b ITWS TR NGATS GWP NGATS 4 -D 16 WX DB Established 17 Wake Turbulence Mitigation for Departures Wake Turbulence Mitigation for Arrivals 17 a Wake Turbulence Mitigation for Single Runway 17 b CWI = CIWS-WARP Integration Multi Function Phased Array Radar 17 c Federal Aviation Administration Aircraft Based Wake Turbulence Separation 14
Weather Roadmap Decisions (2 of 3) 11 • 2007 – Investment Decision to subsume Weather Communication systems and subsystems into SWIM 12 • 2010 – Investment decision to Tech Refresh ALDARS as SWIM subsumes communications functionality 12 a 13 • o 2007 – Investment decisions 2 a and 2 b for CIWS – WARP Integration (CWI) as well as Investment Decision to sustain WARP and CIWS Prototype until subsumed into CWI – 14 • 14 a 14 b 15 16 2017 – Investment decision to move ADAS/ALDARS functionality to CAP Current WARP Sustainment Contract ends in 2009 NGATS GWP decisions – – – 2013 – Requirements Development 2014 – Investment Decision 2 A to incorporate ITWS and CWIS into GWP 2015/16 – Investment Decision 2 B • 2008 - Investment Decision for ITWS for • 2010 – Investment decision to fund FAA portion of NGATS 4 -D ‘virtual distributed’ Weather DB – – – ITWS Tech Refresh 2007 -2012 Fielding of remaining 12 systems New NAS requirements Multi Function Phased Array Radar Federal Aviation Administration 15
Weather Roadmap Decisions (3 of 3) 17 • 2009 – Begin CRD to acquire & deploy first wake turbulence mitigation ATC decision support (Wake Turbulence Mitigation for Departures <WTMD>) capability for airports with CSPR o 2011 – Investment decision to add Wake Turbulence Mitigation for Arrivals (WTMA) ATC decision support capability for airports with CSPR 17 a o 2016 - Investment decision to add Wake Turbulence Mitigation for Single Runway (WTMSR) decision support capability to allow reduced wake turbulence spacing for aircraft directly following another aircraft 17 b (arrivals and departures) airports with CSPR o 17 c 2019 – Investment decision to add Aircraft Based Wake Turbulence Separation (ABWTS) decision support capability to the flight deck. Aircrew can “visualize” in all weather conditions the wake hazard zones associated with adjacent and approaching aircraft and self separate from that hazard zone. Multi Function Phased Array Radar Federal Aviation Administration 16
System Engineering Future Efforts and Plans • Develop Business Case analysis for primary radar for surveillance and weather • Support technology alternative analysis to address the roadmap decision points – Determine Requirements for Terminal Weather – Investigate Technologies to Improve Terminal Weather – Investigate Feasibility of a Scaled Down TDWR for Terminal Area – Investigate Improvement of CIWS Algorithms when using NWRT Data Multi Function Phased Array Radar Federal Aviation Administration 17
FAA Expectation • Research needed to verify/validate: – Viability of Dual Use (Multi-functionality weather, surveillance) – Affordability – Performance Multi Function Phased Array Radar Federal Aviation Administration 18
FAA References • FAA Operations Planning Systems Engineering http: //seinfoweb. faa. gov/ • FAA NAS Architecture 6 http: //nas-architecture. faa. gov/nas/home. cfm • Joint Planning & Development Office (JPDO) http: //jpdo. aero/ Multi Function Phased Array Radar Federal Aviation Administration 19
Backup Slides Multi Function Phased Array Radar Federal Aviation Administration 20
Enterprise Architecture – It’s the Law The FAA satisfies its Mission through delivery of Services enabled by Infrastructure that together make up the FAA Enterprise Architecture. Public Law – U. S. Code <Title 49: Transportation> • Mission • Appropriation DOT FAA Mission • FAR ICAO Convention • SARP • PANS Services OMB A-11 EA Infrastructure $$ Capital Investment President’s Budget + National Airspace System FEA Agency EA Reference Models must Align With FEA Performance Business Service Data Technical OMB Exhibit 300 Regulations – CFR <Title 14: Aeronautics and Space> Public Law – U. S. Code <Title 31: Money and Finance> Capital Planning Guidance “The agency's CPIC process must build from the agency's current EA and its transition to the target architecture. ” — OMB A-130: The EA provides a strategy that will enable the agency to support its current state and also act as the roadmap for transition to its target environment. Multi Function Phased Array Radar Federal Aviation Administration 21
The combined view 1 Annual Budget Process ACurrent Baseline B Re-Validate Priorities Iterate as needed C Adjust Roadmaps Based on Prioritize IIs Priority to fit Update t Budget Profile Service Improvement Initiatives • New SI Instances F Prioritize SIs 2 Mission Roadmap Validated Initiative Shortfalls 3 AA EA (Current SI @ new location) • New IIs Forecast for • Owners • Customers Infrastructure Improvement Initiatives Concept & Rqmts Def Investment Analysis IARR JRC 2 AMS Updates Program Execution CA PDR CDR IOC FOC Allocation Matrix Exploration Validation R&D Multi Function Phased Array Radar Service Delivery CA PDR CDR IOC Federal Aviation Administration 22
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