F E D E R A L R A I L R O A D M I N I S T R A T I O N Railroad Safety Advisory Committee August 16, 2016 FRA – Office of Railroad Safety Moving America Forward
Advisory Committee’s History • While the use of citizen‐advisors has its roots in the earliest efforts of the Nation’s leaders to obtain objective and informed advice, it was not until after the end of World War II that advisory committees became institutionalized as a unique tool of democratic government. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 2
Advisory Committee’s History • For example, it was an advisory committee, the Hoover Commission, whose work laid the foundation for the creation of the General Services Administration (GSA) in 1949. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 3
Advisory Committee’s History • As the influence and number of advisory committees grew, so did concerns within the Executive and Legislative Branches regarding their management, cost, and accountability. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 4
Advisory Committee’s History • Due to these concerns, President Kennedy issued Executive Order 11007 in 1962 to establish guidelines for using such groups. • Federal information policy relating to the accessibility of Government records was revised in 1966, following the enactment of the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA). • In 1972, similar openness policies were applied to the use of advisory committees through the enactment of the Federal Advisory Committee Act (FACA). FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 5
Federal Advisory Committee Act FACA of 1972 had important objectives: • To establish the means for providing Congressional and Executive Branch oversight over the number and costs of advisory committees; and • To ensure that advisory committees operate in plain view of the public. • Simply stated, the act’s purpose is to illuminate how agencies make decisions based upon advice and recommendations from individuals outside of Government, while also making sure that the costs to support advisory committees are commensurate with the benefits received. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 6
Advisory Committees Today • Today, advisory committees are used by over 60 agencies to address issues that reflect the complex mandates undertaken by the Government. • During fiscal year 2013, over 65, 000 committee members served on 1, 000 committees and provided advice and recommendations on such diverse matters as railroad safety, the safety of the Nation’s blood supply, steps needed to address the management of natural resources, and the country’s national defense strategies. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 7
Advisory Committees Today • DOT currently has 20 active Federal Advisory Committees spread across the various transportation administrations (DOT modes). Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) - 5 National Highway Traffic Safety Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Administration (NHTSA) - 1 Federal Motor Carrier Safety Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (FMCSA) - 3 Administration (PHMSA) - 2 Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) - 2 Federal Transit Administration (FTA) - 1 Maritime Administration (MARAD) - 1 Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation (SLSDC) - 1 Office of the Secretary - 4 FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 8
FACA Oversight Hierarchy • Federal Advisory Committee oversight management is a statutory responsibility of the General Services Administration (GSA). • Each department or agency with a Federal Advisory Committee has a Committee Management Officer (CMO). • Each Committee has a Designated Federal Officer (DFO) that reports to the department CMO. • FRA must submit the RSAC charter package through the Administrator and the Secretary for GSA approval every 2 years. • Annual Comprehensive Review (ACR Report). – Current members, meetings, minutes, recommendations, costs. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 9
What Is the History of the RSAC? • In 1994, the FRA established its first “ad hoc” formal regulatory negotiation committee (“Reg‐Neg”) to address roadway worker safety. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 10
What Is the History of the RSAC? • The resulting rulemaking both developed a new rule that would reduce/eliminate the deaths and injuries occurring to the industry’s roadway or track side workers, and demonstrated the validity of collaborative rulemaking. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 11
What Is the History of the RSAC? • FRA’s successful use of negotiated rulemaking pointed to the need for the establishment of a formal advisory committee and process. • The success of the initial Government‐industry working groups led FRA to transition from: – A “hear and decide” to a “consensus” model. • In March 1996, the Railroad Safety Advisory Committee (RSAC) was officially chartered by GSA. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 12
Today’s Railroad Safety Advisory Committee (RSAC) • What does it do? – Provides advice and recommendations to the Federal Railroad Administrator through a collaborative process about the issuance of new regulations, revision of existing regulations, and identification of non-regulatory alternatives to safety challenges. – Essentially the RSAC provides a forum where: “Enhanced communication enables all concerned stakeholders to become more directly involved in improving our Nation’s rail safety through a collaborative rulemaking process. ” FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 13
Today’s Railroad Safety Advisory Committee (RSAC) • RSAC-developed regulations have greater buy-in and are more readily understood and implemented. The RSAC is solely advisory in nature, and FRA intends to consider the views of RSAC members in determining regulatory priorities. • Since the RSAC was chartered, it has addressed over 44 tasks and conducted more than 550 committee, working group, and task force meetings on critical safety issues. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 14
Today’s Railroad Safety Advisory Committee (RSAC) • FRA does not refer every safety regulatory task to the RSAC (e. g. , the need to address a safety issue expeditiously precludes such a referral, or the safety issue requires input from parties outside the rail industry, such as PHMSA). • FRA may withdraw a task from the RSAC at any time. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 15
Today’s Railroad Safety Advisory Committee (RSAC) • FRA policy is to use the RSAC recommendations as the basis for agency action, when appropriate. The Administrator weighs the interests of the public at large and FRA’s ability to administer and enforce any requirements that result from final agency action. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 16
Today’s Railroad Safety Advisory Committee (RSAC) • 38 member organizations representing: – Large and small railroads, labor, equipment and material suppliers, States, hazardous materials shippers, and passenger advocates. – Advisors from the National Transportation Safety Board, Federal Transit Administration, Transportation Security Administration, and representatives of the governments of Canada and Mexico. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 17
• • CURRENT RSAC MEMBER ORGANIZATIONS American Association of Private Railroad Car Owners (AAPRCO) American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) American Chemistry Council (ACC) American Petroleum Institute (API) American Public Transportation Association (APTA) American Short Line and Regional Railroad Association (ASLRRA) American Train Dispatchers Association (ATDA) Association of American Railroads (AAR) FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 18
CURRENT RSAC MEMBER ORGANIZATIONS Association of State Rail Safety Managers • • Association of Tourist Railroads and Railway Museums (ATRRM) • Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers and Trainmen (BLET) • Brotherhood of Maintenance of Way Employees Division (BMWED) • Brotherhood of Railroad Signalmen (BRS) • The Chlorine Institute, Inc. • Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) • Federal Transit Administration (FTA) • The Fertilizer Institute • Institute of Makers of Explosives (IME) FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 19
CURRENT RSAC MEMBER ORGANIZATIONS • International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers (IAMAW) • International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers (IBEW) • Labor Council for Latin American Advancement • League of Railway Industry Women • Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) • National Association of Railroad Passengers (NARP) • National Association of Railway Business Women • National Conference of Firemen and Oilers • National Railroad Construction and Maintenance Association (NRCMA) FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 20
• • • CURRENT RSAC MEMBER ORGANIZATIONS National Railroad Passenger Corporation (Amtrak) National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) Railway Passenger Car Alliance (RPCA) Railway Supply Institute (RSI) Safe Travel America Secretaria de Comunicaciones y Transporte (Mexico) Sheet Metal, Air, Rail and Transportation Workers (SMART) Transport Canada Transport Workers Union of America (TWU) Transportation Communications International Union/BRC Transportation Security Administration (TSA) FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 21
RSAC Web Site • https: //rsac. fra. dot. gov/home. php • Public and private pages • Public pages – – RSAC history Links to RSAC organizations All accepted RSAC tasks All full Committee meeting documents • Private pages – Controlled access to assigned group members – All historical meeting documents and recommendations FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 22
Today’s Railroad Safety Advisory Committee (RSAC) • Full Committee – Provides advice and recommendations on specific tasks offered to it by FRA and accepted by Committee vote. – Meets 2– 3 times per year to hear reports from active working groups and vote on new tasks presented by FRA and on any mature consensus recommendations presented by working groups. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 23
Today’s Railroad Safety Advisory Committee (RSAC) – Voting at the full Committee level is by majority. – Approved recommendations from the Committee are presented to the FRA Administrator. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 24
Guiding Principles • The RSAC may elect to accept or reject a task, or to recommend that a task be restructured. • Working groups are formed for each task; they are composed of stakeholders interested in the particular subject area, as determined by the chair after expressions of interest. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 25
Guiding Principles • Working group recommendations can only proceed to the full committee with consensus among stakeholders. • FRA sets a target date for the presentation of the RSAC’s recommendations to the Administrator. • FRA may withdraw a task from the RSAC at any time. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 26
RSAC Structure The RSAC consists of three membership levels, all of which will reflect representative parity: • The full Committee, which is appointed and chaired by FRA; • Working groups responsible for developing recommendations on one or more specific tasks assigned to the RSAC; and • Task forces that develop data and recommended actions with respect to elements of tasks assigned to working groups. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 27
RSAC Structure FULL COMMITTEE WORKING GROUPS “WG” TASK FORCES “TF” Accepts or rejects tasks from FRA, appoints and assigns tasks to working groups, approves or rejects working group recommendations. Develops recommendations on one or more specific tasks assigned to the RSAC. Develops data and recommended actions with respect to elements of tasks assigned to working groups. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 28
RSAC Task Statements • Drafted by FRA with approval of FRA Administrator. • Approved or rejected by Committee vote. • Numbered according to the year in which they were accepted by the RSAC, e. g. , 2015‐ 01. • Contain a purpose, description, specifics requiring report and target dates for deliverables. • Are available to the public on FRA’s RSAC Web site: https: //rsac. fra. dot. gov/home. php FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 29
RSAC Process Flow RSAC accepts task from FRA RSAC forms working groups (WG) Initial working group meeting WG deliberations WG reaches consensus WG presentation to RSAC WG undertakes task & acts as staff to RSAC considers WG recommendations FRA briefs on task, resources, and timetable for completion Address relevant facts Define safety problem Develop options All participants must support recommendations of the group for consensus to be reached Presentation of RSAC recommendations to Administrator FRA publishes proposed and final rulemaking actions FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 30
Today’s Railroad Safety Advisory Committee (RSAC) • Working groups – Working groups are formed for each task; they are composed of members formally nominated to DFO by Committee Member Organizations. – Meet as necessary to complete work as assigned in formal task statement and by the target date. – Working group recommendations can only proceed to full Committee with consensus among stakeholders. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 31
Today’s Railroad Safety Advisory Committee (RSAC) • Working groups – The working group meets as necessary, assigning responsibility for specific tasks and formulating the structure of the recommendations to the full Committee. – If the working group has established a task force, the working group is responsible for ensuring that it meets the goal set for reporting to the working group. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 32
Today’s Railroad Safety Advisory Committee (RSAC) • For each task assigned, the working group addresses the relevant facts, defines the safety problem presented, develops a range of options, and decides upon a recommended option. • The working group will operate by full consensus, with all participants supporting the recommendations of the group, after having had ample opportunity to persuade others of the rightness of the preferred positions. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 33
Today’s Railroad Safety Advisory Committee (RSAC) • Task forces – May be created by working groups to handle specialized or technical work. – Task forces develop data and recommended actions with respect to elements of tasks assigned to working groups. – Task force consensus products are reported to the working group. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 34
Today’s Railroad Safety Advisory Committee (RSAC) • Task forces (cont. ) – This may be especially useful where significant fact finding and data development are necessary, where the working group has more than one task at a time, and/or where the overall task assigned by FRA can be efficiently divided into sub‐tasks. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 35
Today’s Railroad Safety Advisory Committee (RSAC) – If consensus cannot be reached, the task force notifies the parent working group of this fact. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 36
Authority and Responsibility The RSAC and all groups established under authority of the RSAC will: • Seek agreement on the facts and data underlying any safety problem. • Identify cost‐effective solutions based on the agreed‐upon facts. • Identify options (regulatory, guidance, etc…) where necessary to implement those solutions. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 37
Working Group Presentation to the Committee • Once the working group has reached consensus about its recommendations to the full Committee, the RSAC Chairperson is notified. • The full Committee receives the working group report and considers whether to adopt the recommendations set forth in the report. • The working group normally presents its recommendations during a public meeting of the RSAC, but if the full Committee approves, a mail ballot may be employed with prior briefing. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 38
Working Group Presentation to the Committee • The Chairperson places the working group presentation on the agenda for the next RSAC meeting. • Public notice of the presentation of the working group’s recommendations to the full Committee is published in the Federal Register, indicating the date, time, and location for the meeting. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 39
Working Group Presentation to the Committee • When the RSAC meeting is convened, the working group spokesperson presents its recommendations to the full Committee and: – Responds to any questions regarding the factual basis of the recommendations. – Responds to any questions regarding the options reviewed. – Responds to any questions regarding specific considerations bearing on those options. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 40
Committee Consideration of Recommendations (cont. ) • Having received the full consensus recommendations of the working group, the full Committee has the following three options: – By full consensus (unanimous vote), accept the working group’s recommendations and forward them to the Administrator without change. – By majority consensus, accept the working group’s recommendations and forward them, without change, to the Administrator along with any non‐consensus views offered by any non‐concurring voting members of the full Committee that were not represented on the working group. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 41
Committee Consideration of Recommendations (cont. ) – By full consensus (unanimous vote) return the working group’s recommendations to the working group for further consideration of specific issues. With regard to a particular task, the third option is available only once. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 42
Committee Consideration of Recommendations (cont. ) • If there is no majority consensus to send the working group’s recommendations to the Administrator, but also no unanimous consensus to return the task to the working group: The Chairperson shall formally report to the Administrator that no – RSAC recommendations will be made on that particular task. – The task is normally withdrawn. – A recent example is the Appropriate Train Crew Size Task. • AKA Crew Staffing Rulemaking. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 43
Committee Consideration of Recommendations (cont. ) • Members of the RSAC consider whether they can live with and support the recommendations embodied in the working group report, taken as a whole. FRA employs its full resources and energy to encourage and facilitate consensus. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 44
Committee Consideration of Recommendations (cont. ) • Once the full Committee reaches consensus, the Chairperson transmits the RSAC’s recommendations to the Administrator. • If there was no full consensus at the task force or working group level, or no majority consensus at the full Committee level, the Chairperson reports the absence of consensus to the Administrator. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 45
Committee Consideration of Recommendations (cont. ) • In the absence of consensus recommendations, FRA will simply determine the best course of action on a particular issue without benefit of the RSAC’s advice. • FRA may withdraw a task from the RSAC at any time, and will provide the RSAC an explanation when it does so. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 46
Proposed and Final Actions • As a matter of policy, to the maximum extent practicable, FRA uses the RSAC to provide consensus recommendations with respect both to proposed and final agency action. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 47
Proposed and Final Actions • Except for those limited circumstances where an opportunity for prior comment is unnecessary, FRA provides to the general public in the Federal Register notice of its regulatory proposals (NPRM), an opportunity to comment in writing, and an opportunity for an oral presentation (hearing). FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 48
Proposed and Final Actions • Following issuance of a proposed rule, FRA may request the RSAC to assist FRA in considering comments received. • With respect to either a proposed or final rule, FRA may schedule one or more meetings of the RSAC, during which information and views are received from other interested persons. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 49
Proposed and Final Actions Any rules resulting from the RSAC process must be: 1. Reasonable, clear, effective, and enforceable. 2. Impose as small a burden as is practicable. 3. Specify performance objectives (to the extent feasible), rather than specifying the behavior or manner of compliance. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 50
Process Recipe for Success • A recognition by all parties that an issue needs to be addressed. • Participation by an FRA interdisciplinary team. • Clear focus on the details of the proposed remedy. • Flexibility to incorporate industry rules and standards into the Federal regime. • Appropriate consideration of costs and benefits. • Follow‐through by FRA to apply the results of the recommendation process. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 51
Current RSAC Activities RSAC Task 15 -04 – Hazardous Materials Issues Working Group • • Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMR), 49 CFR Parts 100‐ 185 Review, discuss, and consider updates to regulations 49 CFR Parts 171, 173‐ 174 Definitions for 49 CFR Parts 173, 179, 180 49 CFR Part 179 Specifications for Tank Cars If appropriate, develop draft regulatory language on issues Four meetings held as of August 18, 2016 Target for recommendations to the Committee March 2017 FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 52
Current RSAC Activities RSAC Task 15 -03 – Rail Integrity Working Group • Track Safety Standards Subparts A–G • Enhance rail safety by improving rail defect remedial actions and by requiring internal rail inspection on Class 2 track • Review and evaluate: – 49 CFR Part 213. 113, Defective Rails – 49 CFR Part 214. 241, Inspection Records – 49 CFR Part 213. 237, Inspection of Rail • If appropriate, develop draft regulatory language on issues • Three meetings held to date • Target for recommendations to the Committee Nov 2015 FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 53
Current RSAC Activities RSAC Task 15 -01 – Track Standards Working Group • Track Safety Standards Subpart F of Part 213 • Enhance rail safety by improving track inspection methods, frequency, and documentation • Review and evaluate current Part 213, Subpart F—Inspection Requirements • Determine whether current track inspection methods and frequency remain effective and efficient, or need to be revised • Three meetings held to date • Target for recommendations to the Committee Nov 2015 FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 54
Current RSAC Activities RSAC Task 14 -03 Remote Control Locomotive (RCL) Working Group • To review existing remote control locomotive (RCL) operations and previous information to determine whether specific regulations, guidance, or other responsive actions are needed to ensure the safety of RCL operations. • Task accepted by Committee December 4, 2014. • Kickoff meeting held September 30, 2015. • Follow‐up meetings held December 10‐ 11, 2015; May 23‐ 24, 2016 FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 55
Current RSAC Activities RSAC Task 03 -01 Engineering Task Force (ETF) • Produce a set of technical evaluation criteria and procedures for passenger rail equipment built to alternative designs. • ETF established by Passenger Safety Working Group, August 12, 2009. • Developed Technical Criteria and Procedures for the Crashworthiness of Alternatively‐designed Tier I Equipment. • ETF Re‐tasked by PSWG, July 28, 2010. – Development of next generation HSR trainset requirements (Tier III) is a major focus. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 56
Questions? FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 57
Back‐up Slides FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 58
Historical Accomplishments • Task 96‐ 2: Track Safety Standards, general revision; final rule published June 22, 1998. • Task 96‐ 3: Railroad Communications; final rule published September 4, 1998. • Task 96‐ 5: Steam Powered Locomotives, revision of inspection standards; final rule published November 17, 1999. • Task 96‐ 6: Locomotive Engineer Qualification and Certification; final rule published November 8, 1999. • Task 96‐ 7: Roadway Maintenance Machines; final rule published July 28, 2003. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 59
Historical Accomplishments • Task 97‐ 2: Locomotive Cab Working Conditions, sanitation; final rule published April 4, 2002. • Task 97‐ 3: Event Recorders, data survivability; final rule published June 30, 2005. • Tasks 97‐ 4, ‐ 5, ‐ 6: Performance Standards for Processor‐ Based Signal and Train Control Systems; final rule published March 7, 2005. • Task 01‐ 1: Accident/Incident Reporting Conformity with OSHA; final rule published March 3, 2003. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 60
Historical Accomplishments • Task 03‐ 01: Passenger Safety‐Mechanical; final rule published October 19, 2006. • Task 03‐ 01: Passenger Safety‐Passenger Train Emergency Systems; final rule published February 1, 2008. • Task 03‐ 01: Passenger Safety‐Crashworthiness; final rule published January 8, 2009. • Task 05‐ 02: Reduce Human Factor‐Caused Train Accident/Incidents; final rule published February 13, 2008. • Task 06‐ 02: Track Safety Standards and Continuous Welded Rail; final rule published August 25, 2009. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 61
Historical Accomplishments • Task 08‐ 01: Report on the Nation's Railroad Bridges; report submitted December 10, 2008. • Task 08‐ 04: Positive Train Control; final rule published January 15, 2010. • Task 08‐ 06: Hours of Service Recordkeeping and Reporting; final rule published May 27, 2009, with an effective date of July 16, 2009. • Task 07‐ 01: Track Safety Standards–Concrete Crossties; final rule published April 1, 2011. • Task 09‐ 01: Passenger Hours of Service; final rule published August 12, 2011. FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 62
Historical Accomplishments • Task 08‐ 07: Conductor Certification; final rule published November 9, 2011. • Task 03‐ 01: Passenger Train Emergency Systems II NPRM – Jan. 3, 2012 • Task 10‐ 01: Training Standards for Safety‐Related Railroad Employees NPRM – Feb. 7, 2012 • Task 03‐ 01: Passenger Train Emergency Preparedness NPRM – June 27, 2012 • Task 05‐ 01: Railroad Workplace Safety – Adjacent Track On track Safety for Roadway Workers Final Rule – Nov. 30, 2011 FRA – Office of Railroad Safety 3/16/2018 Moving America Forward 63