Exploring the Religions of Our World Chapter 2

Exploring the Religions of Our World Chapter 2 Judaism

Chapter 2 Judaism A Living Religion 1. Judaism is the religion practiced by Jesus when he was living on earth. 2. Judaism is the religion of the Hebrew Bible and a religion still longing for God’s chosen one. 3. Being a Jew has both an ethnic and a religious connotation. 4. A religious Jew practices Judaism. An ethnic Jew may or may not practice Judaism.

Modern Period 1783 - present Medieval Period 639 - 1783 CE Rabbinic Period 323 BCE – 637 CE Biblical Period 1800 BCE – 323 CE Chapter 2 Judaism Periods of Jewish History

Chapter 2 Judaism Periods of Jewish History §Page 29

Chapter 2 Judaism Modern Judaism Reform Judaism – advocates full integration into the culture where one lives Conservative Judaism – counteracts reformed Judaism, modifying Jewish traditions in a limited manner Orthodox Judaism – the most traditional wing, insists its members strictly follow the Torah Reconstructionist Judaism – advocates Judaism as a culture, not only a religion

Chapter 2 Judaism Sacred writings Tanakh Torah first five books The Hebrew Bible Nevi’im prophets Ketuvim writings

Chapter 2 Judaism Other sacred writings Jerusalem Talmud Midrash Babylonian commentary Talmud Biblical interpretation commentary

Chapter 2 Judaism Beliefs and Practices Sh’ma “Hear, O Israel, the Lord our God, the Lord is One” (Deuteronomy 6: 4)

Chapter 2 Judaism Beliefs and Practices (continued) Torah 613 commandments

Chapter 2 Judaism Beliefs and Practices (continued) God’s covenant with Israel: “The Chosen People” “I have given you as a covenant to the people, a light to the nations” (Isaiah 42: 6)

Chapter 2 Judaism Sacred Times Annual Feasts: • Rosh Hashanah – Jewish New Year • Yom Kippur – Day of Atonement • Sukkot –Feast of Tabernacles/Booths • Pesach – Passover • Shavuot – Harvest festival / reception of Torah • Hanukkah – Festival of Lights • Purim – Feast of Lots

Chapter 2 Judaism Sacred Times (continued) Shabbat – the Jewish Sabbath • weekly event • sunset Friday through sunset Saturday • obedience to fourth commandment • Jews rest on the seventh day, as God did • Shabbat dinner – Friday evening

Chapter 2 Judaism Sacred Places and Sacred Spaces Synagogue house of prayer house of study house of assembly Home

Chapter 2 Judaism Sacred Places and Sacred Spaces (continued) Land of Israel = Canaan = Promised Land = Judea = Palestine = State of Israel Jerusalem • holiest city • City of David • Temple • holy city for: Judaism, Christianity, Islam

Chapter 2 Judaism through a Catholic Lens Judaism Commonalities History Scripture Liturgy Theology Christianity

Chapter 2 Judaism through a Catholic Lens (continued) Differences Judaism Christianity Still expects a Messiah Jesus was the Messiah or messianic age to come Jesus is God

Chapter 2 Judaism through a Catholic Lens (continued) Jewish influences in Catholicism The Hebrew Bible – Old Testament Passover meal – the Lord’s Supper Passover – Holy Thursday Shavuot – Pentecost

Chapter 2 Judaism n n n Torah Idolatry Diaspora Hellenization Septuagint Sadducees Pharisees Essenes Rabbi Talmud Monotheistic Sephardim Vocabulary n n n Pogroms Ashkenazim Yiddish Hasidism Zionism Tanak Nevi’im Ketuvim Mishnah Midrash Sh’ma n n n Mitzvoth Covenant Halakhic Shabbat Pesach Yom Kippur Havdalah Bimah Mezuzah Kosher Testament