Experience of large-scale production of scintillation crystals A

Experience of large-scale production of scintillation crystals A. Annenkov Moscow Steel and Alloys Institute, Innovational and Technological Centre

State Technological University "Moscow Institute of Steel and Alloys" • • MISA is the leading institution of Higher Education, training engineers and researchers in: metallurgy and material science; metal production and treatment; composite, powder, super- and semiconducting materials; developing advanced materials and technologies; raw material effectiveness and ecology; certification and quality management of materials; economics and management; informatics and automated control system.

State Technological University "Moscow Institute of Steel and Alloys" • • • MISA R & D statistics for 2006: 19 research laboratories 20 education and research market-oriented centers 315 permanent staff 226 part-time workers, including contracted 61 undergraduate students and 34 post-graduate students 472 R&D projects, including 315 with industrial customers 29 international R&D projects 548 post-graduate and post-doctorate students 381 international visits more than 300 scientific articles published more than 250 reports were presented at 150 conferences, including 88 international 16 patent applications, 10 patents received In the period of 2000 -2007 the University conducted scientific research works on grants and projects financed by the following organizations: INTAS (European Union) INCO-COPERNICUS (European Union) TEMPUS-TACIS (European Union) EUREKA (European Union) International Science Foundation Civilian Research and Development Foundation (USA) NATO Research Program International Science and Technology Center (EU, USA, Japan, RF) Royal Academy of Sciences (Sweden) Netherlands Research Foundation (Netherlands) Target industries: Ferrous and Non-Ferrous Metallurgy Mining Defense industry Aerospace industry Automotive industry Engineering and Instrumentmaking industry Construction industry Power engineering industry Atomic power industry Medicine The University has conducted up to date more than 40 large cooperation contracts with the educational and scientific centers

Innovational and technological centre of MISA The area of a site The area of building - 48500 m 2 - 16500 m 2 1 km from Moscow

Innovational and technological centre of MISA Development of technology of single crystal and ceramic materials Development of technology of thermoelectric materials Laboratory improvement of metallurgical processes and technologies Development of technology and the equipment for manufacture of materials from basalt Development of RP - technologies Development of technologies and equipments of medical purpose Development in area of nano - materials and nano technologies

Innovational and technological centre of MISA “Crystal” Ltd. -Original patented technology -Peltie modules -More than 100 basic specification of TE

Innovational and technological centre of MISA ELS Ltd. - Crystal growing - Ceramic production - Production of SS lasers - Manufacturing of equipment

Innovational and technological centre of MISA “FOMOS technology” Ltd. -Crystal production - Development of new material and technologies

CMS for LHC (CERN)

Crystal growing. Czochralski method Jan Czochralski (1885 - 1953) Problems of growing of high-temperature oxide crystals: - The expensive equipment; - Necessity of use precious metals (Pt or Ir)

Equipment Automatic system of control of crystal growing process "Crystal - 3 м" puller HF heating - 8 k. Hz Capacity - 60 kw The automatic control of diameter of a crystal Max temperature – 2100 0 C Diameter of crucible - up to 200 mm Max weight of a crystal - 16 kg High vacuum System of gas control IGBT transistor power supply

Detecting of γ - quantum by scintillators γ γ Scintillation cell H ECAL CMS: Registration of the process H γγ Barrel End. Cap Total: - 63000 pcs - 15000 pcs. - 90 tns Scintillation element Pb. WO 4

Raw material preparation Raw material smelting process Furnace for smelting of raw material

Crucible problem Pt crucibles Pt – Al 2 O 3 system

IPR

Production facilities R&D, samples MSAI Costomers R&D, production R&D, Equipment FOMOS Mass production, > 1 tn/mon ELS BTCP