Expands England France – both modern & wealthy Russia – poor, mostly farmers Trans-Sahara Trade Capital renamed Istanbul United by Islam Songhai – wealth from Gold-Salt Trade Goods: Paper, silk, compass Coffee, ceramics, numeral system Silk Road Aztecs Inca Emperor controls trade with enclaves Taj Mahal Islamic influence Trade silk, spices, gems, & textiles in European trading posts Emperor controlled by shogun – military leader Isolated from outside influence
Mona Lisa Rebirth of classical knowledge by Leonardo da Vinci Renaissance man Begins in Italian city-states Sistine Chapel Spreads to Northern Europe By Michelangelo – realist painter & sculptor Humanism – focus on human values and accomplishments, learning Shakespeare English playwright, poet of Northern Renaissance Machiavelli – The Prince
Martin Luther Salvation by faith alone Italians dominate All humans equal before God Corruption and sale of indulgences Posts 95 Theses (problems) on church door Huge wealth & influence of merchants Begins Protestant movement
Henry VIII of England – Pope in Rome English church property as his Elizabeth I Anglican Church John Calvin Predestination What will happen to you Protestant movement Dissenters Spanish Armada Colonies
Princes Edict of Nantes remains Catholic Calvinists in France 30 Years War John Wycliffe Makes 30 Years War political Jan Huss Society of Jesus (Jesuits) Council of Trent individualism secularism Religious toleration Printing press Higher literacy, spreads new ideas Inquisition
Vasco da Gama Columbus Portugal Spain Magellan. Spain Hernan Cortes Sails around Africa to create trade route to India Reaches the New World, decimates indigenous Americans His crew 1 st to sail around the world, he dies in Philippines Spain Conquistador, conquered the Aztecs in Central Mexico Francisco Pizarro Spain Conquistador, conquered the Inca in Peru Francis Drake Armada Privateer, sailed around the world, defeated Spanish England
Europeans m ug S Rigid class system America leads to slavery Plantation Colonies imitate mother country Christianity economy and environment Demand for gold Competition for colonies ods ed go lifestyles completely factur r& a ru Manu Horses, cattle, diseases that kill many Indians Prince Henry of Portugal pioneers exploration Sla ves Africa European trading ports Slaves & gold exported Christianity spreads Western Hemisphere – Native Americans Corn, potatoes, tobacco Economic practice, colonies benefit mother country banking system & money for markets
France Centralize Power – take Louis XIV all of it for themselves Builds palace of Versailles Rule by Divine Right – God’s will Spends to expand royal power Russia Peter the Great Ignores Parliament, raises taxes Puritan military leader Westernizes Russia Builds St. Petersburg Takes nobles power
Ignores Parliament, raises taxes Puritan military leader Grants rights Cromwell dies and Charles II restores the monarchy to England Fights with Parliament Factions modern and freedoms to Englishmen Royal power Eventual democracy & America’s gov Peaceful, bloodless revolution William Mary share power equally political parties with Parliament
Applies reason to human & natural world, stimulates religious tolerance and new government Leviathan Government must protect our life, liberty, & property John Locke Montesquieu Humans exist in nature Government protects us The Spirit of Laws Social Contract Government is a contract between people and ruler
Religious toleration, separation of church & state Voltaire Thomas Jefferson Declaration of Independence Concertos, fugues Mozart Symphonies, operas Eugene Delacroix Miguel Cervantes Baroque composer Romantic painter Don Quixote
Copernicus – developed heliocentric theory Isaac Newton Discovered laws of gravity Kepler – Discovered planetary motion William Harvey Discovered blood circulation Galileo Used telescope to support heliocentric theory Reason and observation lead to scientific method
Enlightenment Ideas on government Bastille starts the Revolution Napoleon Conquer Europe Napoleonic Code Terror The success of the American Revolution Absolute monarchy takes power, uses guillotine to execute Congress of Vienna Power Map of Europe Political philosophies (Liberal/Conservative)
outposts of control for Europe 1823 President Monroe Latin America is independent Catholicism mother countries Mining Threat to America’s peace & safety Mexico City Havana Viceroys Toussaint L’Ouvture France in war slavery in Haiti (1 st one)
Miguel Hidalgo 1810 -1821 Lima Enlightenment liberated northern Creole from Venezuela Class system (Creoles, Mestizos, Natives) Buenos Aires Sao Paulo
National pride in your country’s interests Germans & Italy unhappy with result Congress of Vienna Unsuccessful revolutions in 1848 Great Britain expands political rights Leads the Red Shirts in joining Northern & Southern Italy Uses nationalism to unify Northern Italy In Rome are the last to join and unify the country of Italy
Nationalism Realpolitik Franco-Prussian War Otto Von Bismarck
England Natural resources (coal, iron), stable government, steam engine Increased education Harsh working conditions Better standard of living Factory system ends cottage industries Better transportation Urbanization - more cities Pollution & poor housing Enclosure movement
James Watt Steam Engine James Hargreaves Spinning jenny – used in England’s textile factories Eli Whitney Cotton Gin –demand for labor leads to slavery Henry Bessemer Process for making strong, cheap steel Edward Jenner Louis Pasteur Smallpox vaccine Discovers bacteria & cause of sickness
Directly ruled by foreign power (America – 13 colonies) Country protected by another 1 (Hawaii) Nationalism – competition for power & wealth European conflicts brought to colonies Industrial Revolution – demand for natural resources and markets Dutch & British set up trading ports in India Christian missionaries convert natives to Christianity Region where 1 country gets trading rights (China) Built in Egypt to cut travel time to India, England controls it Held in 1884, European Powers divide up Africa for themselves Matthew Perry 1854 East India Company America
Built in Egypt to cut travel time to India, England controls it Matthew Perry Held in 1884, European Powers divide up Africa for themselves East India Company 1854 America Spheres of Influence Great Britain Indian National Congress & pushes for independence Foreigners Boxers – attack US merchants
ilitarism mperialis lliances m Europe divided into Competition for colonies, competing groups resources, and markets Central – Germany Allies – England, France, Russia Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand of Austria starts the war Zimmerman Note makes America join on Allied side Russian Revolution forces Russia to leave the war & sign treaty ationalism Balkan Peninsula – powder keg of ethnic tension Many diplomatic failures Armistice signed & Treaty of Versailles ends the war
Woodrow Wilson America’s president Wanted to stay out of WWI Created 14 Points plan for peace Kaiser Wilhelm II Germany’s leader Loses empire after the war to the Allies League of Nations Alliance Forces Germany to accept guilt for war Independence for helping Puts limit on Europeans Germany’s military fight in WWI future wars Ottoman Empire & Middle east America weakness England France
Japan Landless peasants Tsar Nicholas WWI New Economic Policy Bolsheviks Vladimir Lenin Stalin Communist 5 Year Plans Soviet Secret police Union farms Great Purge
German reparations High protective tariffs Americans using credit 1929 Stock Market Crash unemployment banks prices inflation political
Adolf Hitler Anti-semitism National Socialism – Nazi Party Invades & Occupies neighboring countries Joseph Stalin Leads Soviet Union Communist Signs nonaggression pact with Hitler not to fight Benito Mussolini Leads Fascist Party Wants to return Italy to glory of Rome Invades Ethiopia in show of force Hideki Tojo & Hirohito Militarism Industrializes Japan Invade Korea, Manchuria, China for raw materials
Giving in to avoid war at the Munich Conference Poland France Nazis Britain air Germany Japan England over Nazis Soviet Union non-aggression pact America Hideki Tojo & Hirohito Militarism Industrializes Japan Invade Korea, Manchuria, China for raw materials America’s president at the start of WWII President when FDR dies, orders a-bomb dropped England’s prime minister who stands up to Nazis Supreme Allied commander of allied forces US general in charge of the battle in Asia/Pacific D-Day Hiroshima & Nagasaki
1930 s-1940 s Cambodia Adolf Hitler’s Final Solution Political Joseph enemies, Stalin & intellectuals secret police Soviet Union Rwanda Jews, non. Aryans, disabled Hutu militia 1994 1970’s Artists, enemies, intellectuals
Nuremburg Tokyo Nazis Japanese war criminals (Tojo) Universal Declaration of Human Rights – UN statement of basic rights all humans deserve Superpowers Marshall Plan US occupies under Gen. Mac. Arthur Japan now a US gives $$ to powerful, democracies to wealthy ally prevent communism the Soviet Union America Democracy & free market capitalism Soviet Union Communism & state control NATO – military alliance of democracies Warsaw Pact – military alliance Support West Germany & Berlin Take over East Germany, wall off Berlin
Yalta Conference England, Soviet Union America Eastern Europe as satellite nations Iron Curtain Truman’s Doctrine Deterrent to war Mao Zedong Chiang Kai Shek communist nationalists Taiwan
Communist democratic China USA & NATO Divided in 2 today France Ho Chi Minh Contain Vietnam is all communist Economic military Nationalism NATO military alliance Berlin Wall Union Estonia Latvia
Indian Subcontinent Middle East Africa Led non-violent Israeli Prime led violent protest against British rule Minister led Israel in Yom struggle against English Kippur War became 1 st rule in Kenya prime minister after Egypt’s First black Gandhi’s assassination president, nationalized Suez president of South Africa, Developed Canal, built Aswan Dam & nuclear program and fought against apartheid allied with Soviets
Group After WWI used to control led by Gandhi that fought territories in Mideast for independence prohibited Mandate power in Syria & discrimination (caste Lebanon system) Mandate power in Jordan & Palestine Gives power of selfdetermination to African colonies imperial rule by Europeans & economic exploitation England divided India by religion with Muslims in Pakistan Fights for independence from France Created after WWII out of Palestine today the world’s largest democracy Differences federal create conflicts in system gives most power to Palestine, Israel, etc states in India has eased financial problems peaceful transitions to independence violent fight for independence long struggle against apartheid (Segregation)
1. High Literacy rate 2. Low fertility rate (babies per mother) 3. Slow or no population growth 4. Freemarket economies 5. Large middle class 6. Political freedom 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. High Birth rates = rapid growth Low literacy rates Little access to health care Poverty Poor health Ethnic & religious conflict Climate change illiteracy Pollution rapid growth Terrorism
Refugees countries Guest workers Global peace keeping organization lends money to developing nations at a cost free trade agreement between US, Canada, & Mexico Global organization promoting free trade - common currency and easier borders in Europe temporary • • • Munich Olympics 9/11 attacks Car bombings Suicide bombers Airline hijackers Surveillance Review of privacy rights Security at ports and airports Identification badges and photos
Israel, India & China, South Asia India, Asia America Billion Vedas Millions 4 Noble Truths Millions Torah – written record of Hebrew beliefs Middle East & Africa Billions Koran (Qur’an) North & South America, Europe Billions New Testament
India & Pakistan Catholics & China & Arab – Israeli Arab-Israeli Protestants conflict – Yom freedom of Kippur War conflict – in N. Ireland religion over Israel Middle East Karma – Jesus as son knowledge Enlightenment 10 of God – spiritual Commandments 5 Pillars – that all happiness Guide moral & basic acts of thoughts & faith for all Councils religious actions have Muslims agree on conduct consequences 8 Fold Path – Church Mecca & steps you take doctrine Reincarnation Medina – holy to reach – rebirth sites Muslims Enlightenment based on should karma pilgrimage to
Скачать презентацию Expands England France both modern wealthy
8eaa193374d87b3f685e54bfb3c9c85e.ppt