Evitherm: one stop shop for reliable thermophysical data? Vincent B. F. Mathot Evitherm Industry Forum Paris, France September 15, 2003
DSM Organizational structure DSM N. V. Managing Board Life Science Products Performance Materials Fine Chemicals Elastomers Anti-Infectives Engineering Plastics Food Specialties Bakery Ingredients Coating Resins Composite Resins Industrial Chemicals Fiber Intermediates Melamine Agro Corporate Staff Departments Research Industrial Services Corporate Venturing & Business Development Energy Participations
Chemical & Process industry Dortmund Data Bank: DDBST • Program package DDBSP ØThermodynamic and transport properties & tools Ø‘Nearly all world wide available data’ ØQuality judgment • Members: big companies • Typically: 100 keuro entry; 20 keuro/year
Chemical & Process industry DETHERM • Thermophysical properties of pure substances, mixtures and evaluation tools Ø 21000 pure compounds and 101000 mixtures: 200 properties ØNo quality judgment ØMost data are included in DDBST • Typical: 25 euro / data point
Chemical & Process industry DIPPR • Databank ØThermophysical properties of about 1700 pure components (incl. estimations) ØQuality judgment • Is included in ASPEN, flow sheeting for plants
Plastics industry EU-15 • 1. 1 million employed • 135 billion Euro • 45 global companies • 30, 000 SMEs World • > 120 million tons • 5% average growth In volume the difference between plastics and steel is a factor 2
Plastics in Europe: Sectors
The gap between Industrial and Academic Research Time Horizon Business Industrial R&D after 2000 IP’s 1 Innovation Process 1 FP 6: DPI 2 FP 6: Networks Universities of excellence Integrated projects 2 Alliances e. g. the Dutch Polymer Institute < 3 Months 3 M-1 Y 1 Y-4 Y 4 Y-8 Y 4 Y - 10 Y
Plastics industry: processing Design & Engineering: injection molding • Software from other companies • Data as function of temperature: ØViscosity (in house, universities) ØHeat capacity, enthalpy (in house, university TA&C centers, evitherm) ØHeat conductivity (university TA&C centers, evitherm) ØTendency from 2½ D towards 3 D modeling ØFuture: (university TA&C centers provide data under realistic conditions: low to high cooling rates (approx. ≤ 5000 K/min), evitherm; p. VT evitherm, high pressure (up to a few 100 MPa, evitherm); shear ØFuture: crystallization (universities)
Thermal Analysis & Calorimetry and Polymers: CAS Approx. 105 in total Approx. 20 • 103 in total Fast Scanning Calorimetry
Polymer industry: R&D: practitioners • Hardware (instrument companies) • Software (instrument companies, university TA&C centers, evitherm) • Calibration data (instrument companies and from National Societies for Thermal Analysis & Calorimetry, evitherm) • Vitrification, melting and crystallization data from books and literature
Polymer industry: R&D: practitioners • Data as function of temperature: ØHeat capacity, enthalpy; heats of crystallization and fusion: (in house, university TA&C centers, evitherm); ATHAS Databank is a must ØReaction calorimetry for process optimization and safety studies (in house, university TA&C centers, evitherm); ØNear future: need for realistic conditions. Low to high cooling and heating rates approx. ≤ 500 K/min (in house, university TA&C centers, evitherm) ØFuture: heat conductivity (university TA&C centers, evitherm)
Polymer industry: R&D: Users • Soft- en hardware (instrument companies) • Calibration data (instrument companies and from National Societies for Thermal Analysis & Calorimetry, evitherm) • Vitrification, melting and crystallization data from books and literature
Development of products: Make the cycle work! Industry: Properties development Product Rheology Crystallization Morphology Academia: Characterization techniques development Processing Industry: Technology High throughput Combinatorial Chemistry Polymerization Academia: Basic science Theories Industry: Modeling Measuring under realistic conditions Academia: new catalysts
Problems for the Future of Crystallizable Polymers Challenges CHALLENGES FOR ACADEMIA: Know-Why • Locate Industry Needs ØConditions as during Processing/ in Practice ØIn-Situ/ Real-time Measurements ØMetastability – Low Order CHALLENGES FOR INDUSTRY: Know-How • Locate Top-Level Academia Know-Why ØBring it down to Earth ØTranslate Findings into Applications ÜWill you have the skilled and educated researchers needed? ? Be Prepared!
High Performance DSC / High-speed calorimetry: why do we need high scanning rates ? Conditions as during Processing/ in Practice • High cooling rates Metastability! • High heating rates Avoidance of reorganization • Metastability • Cold crystallization, recrystallization, annealing • Solid state transformations • (Re)connection of heating to cooling High-Throughput Analysis • E. g. 100 samples (heat-cool-heat) per day
one stop shop for reliable thermophysical data!
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