Everything You Wanted to Know About Hybrids David Butke Automotive Instructor dave. butke@mcc. edu
WHAT IS A HYBRID? • A hybrid is a vehicle that is propelled by two power sources.
OBJECTIVES • • • Types of hybrid vehicles Hybrid vehicle operation Commonly asked questions about hybrids The pay back rate of hybrids Advantages and disadvantages of owning a hybrid
LEVELS OF HYBRID VEHICLES • Full hybrid – They feature idle-stop function – Regenerative braking – Most are capable of using the electric motor alone to propel the vehicle – The electric motor also assists the engine – Battery voltages are about 200 to 300 volts
LEVELS OF HYBRID VEHICLES • Medium hybrid – They feature idle-stop function – Regenerative braking – Most are not capable of using the electric motor alone to propel the vehicle – The electric motor usually assists the engine – Battery voltages are about 144 to 158 volts
LEVELS OF HYBRID VEHICLES • Mild Hybrid – They feature idle-stop function – Regenerative braking – Are not capable of using the electric motor to propel the vehicle – These systems are usually 42 volts or less
Basic Components • • • Power plant ICE Electric motor / Generator Battery Transmission Inverter
TYPES OF HYBRID VEHICLES • Series hybrid – Vehicle propulsion is by a electric motor only – ICE is used for charging the HV battery
TYPES OF HYBRID VEHICLES • Parallel hybrid – Uses multiple propulsion energy sources – This means the electric motor and ICE propels the vehicle
TYPES OF HYBRID VEHICLES • Series-parallel hybrid – These vehicles can operate using the electric motor alone or with assist of the ICE – They combine both functions of series and parallel design
HOW DO I START THIS THING?
IS THIS VEHICLE RUNNING?
Maintenance • Hybrid vehicles require the same maintenance as regular vehicles • However, some hybrids require inverter flushes and battery filter changes. • There be additional costs involved in replacing low rolling resistance tires. • Vehicle repairs may cost more than a regular vehicle
HOW LONG WILL A HIGH VOLTAGE BATTERY LAST? • Most hybrid high voltage batteries last 180, 000 to 240, 000 miles • Manufacture battery warranties – Honda • 8 years / 80, 000 miles – Toyota • 8 years / 100, 000 miles – Ford • 8 years / 100, 000 miles – General Motors • 8 years / 100, 000 miles
ARE HYBRID VEHICLES SAFE? • YES! – The following will disable the high voltage system • • High voltage interlock circuit Airbag deployment High voltage leak Removing battery negative
WHAT HAPPENS IF A HYBRID VEHICLE IS SUBMERGED IN WATER? • There is no risk of electric shock from touching the car's body or framework—in or out of the water.
IS IT EXPENSIVE TO INSURE A HYBRID VEHICLE? • Some insurance companies indicate that drivers of hybrid vehicles are a lower risk. – May save 5 -10% on insurance costs by owning a hybrid vehicle
SHOULD I BUY A HYBRID? Year Make Model Hybrid 2010 Toyota Prius $22, 400. 00 Annual Hybrid Years to MPG Fuel Cost Fuel Savings Break Even None MSRP Combined Premium 46. 5 $880. 65 2010 Ford Escape Hybrid $25, 305. 00 $31, 500. 00 25 32. 5 $1, 260. 00 22. 5 $1, 820. 00 33. 5 $1, 222. 39 22. 2 $1, 844. 59 38. 5 $1, 063. 64 30 $6, 195. 00 $1, 638. 00 $1, 365. 00 $378. 00 16. 38888889 $597. 61 4. 994896337 $780. 95 4. 219220181 $401. 47 12. 70331532 $167. 55 9. 728439272 2010 Toyota Camery $23, 165. 00 2010 Toyota Camery Hybrid $26, 150. 00 $2, 985. 00 2010 Ford Fusion $24, 330. 00 2010 Ford Fusion Hybrid $27, 625. 00 $3, 295. 00 2010 Honda Civic $18, 700. 00 2010 Honda Civic Hybrid $23, 800. 00 $5, 100. 00 42. 5 $963. 53 23. 5 $1, 742. 55 26 $1, 575. 00 2010 Toyota Highlander $33, 070. 00 2010 Toyota Highlander Hybrid $34, 700. 00 $1, 630. 00
SHOULD I BUY A HYBRID? Year Make Model Hybrid 2010 Toyota Prius $22, 400. 00 Annual Hybrid Years to MPG Fuel Cost Fuel Savings Break Even None MSRP Combined Premium 46. 5 $1, 467. 74 25 $2, 730. 00 32. 5 $2, 100. 00 22. 5 $3, 033. 33 33. 5 $2, 037. 31 22. 2 $3, 074. 32 38. 5 $1, 772. 72 30 $2, 275. 00 42. 5 $1, 605. 88 23. 5 $2, 904. 25 26 $2, 625. 00 2010 Ford Escape Hybrid $25, 305. 00 $31, 500. 00 $6, 195. 00 $630. 00 9. 83333 $996. 02 2. 996927773 $1, 301. 60 2. 531499693 $669. 12 7. 62195122 $279. 25 5. 837063563 2010 Toyota Camery $23, 165. 00 2010 Toyota Camery Hybrid $26, 150. 00 $2, 985. 00 2010 Ford Fusion $24, 330. 00 2010 Ford Fusion Hybrid $27, 625. 00 $3, 295. 00 2010 Honda Civic $18, 700. 00 2010 Honda Civic Hybrid $23, 800. 00 $5, 100. 00 2010 Toyota Highlander $33, 070. 00 2010 Toyota Highlander Hybrid $34, 700. 00 $1, 630. 00
HYBRID VEHICLE VS REGULAR VEHICLE Advantages Disadvantages • Better mileage • Improved acceleration (most of the time) • Less dependence on fossil fuels • Lower emissions • Some states provide incentives for driving a hybrid • Great driving experience • Little highway mileage increase • High initial cost • Needs high fuel cost to be worthwhile • Could cost more to repair • Extra maintenance items • Some hybrids need special tires
QUESTIONS?
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