Everyone Poops What is this Energy Conversion All

Everyone Poops What is this Energy Conversion All About?

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The Prize Various experts cautioned that the Oil Regions would soon be depleted. In 1885, the State Geologist of Pennsylvania warned that “the amazing exhibition of oil” was only “a temporary and vanishing phenomenon – one which young men will live to see come to its natural end. ” (Yergin, 1991, page 52. )

The first oil well in Titusville, Pennsylvania was drilled in 1858 and within 27 years, omens were being foretold hinting at the demise of the oil stores!

Beginning in the 1970’s, with the initial OPEC scare, I have learned that we have had 30 years worth of oil left. Well, thirty years later we are still told we have thirty years of remaining oil.

I recently had a student quote a 1995 article indicating that we were actually down to 15 years worth of harvestable oil. Since he wrote the paper in 2008, I questioned if this meant that we were down to 3 years worth?

“Oil is the most extraordinary product of the commercial world, and its sales are limited only by output. No other item in the world can be assured of being consumed from the time that it is produced. With oil though, produce first and consumption will follow. ” Henry Detering, President, Royal Dutch, 1913

“Over-production has been chronic. Since 1860, there has not been a single day when too much oil was not produced. ” John Ise, 1926, The U. S. Oil Policy

Fossil Fuel Emission Levels Pounds per Billion Btu of Energy Input Pollutant Carbon Dioxide Natural Gas Oil Coal 117, 000 164, 000 208, 000 Carbon Monoxide 40 33 208 Nitrogen Oxides 92 448 457 Sulfur Dioxide 1 1122 2591 Particulates 7 84 2744 Formaldehyde 0. 750 0. 221 Mercury 0. 000 0. 007 0. 016 Source: EIA - Natural Gas Issues and Trends 1998 http: //tonto. eia. doe. gov/FTPROOT/natgas/056098. pdf Pg 58

Carbon Equivalents n n COE Tonnes (MMT) Tons 1 kg=2. 2 lbs Greenhouse Gas Formula 100 -year GWP (AR 4) Carbon dioxide CO 2 1 Methane CH 4 25 Nitrous oxide N 2 O 298 Sulphur hexafluoride SF 6 22, 800 Hydrofluorocarbon-23 CHF 3 14, 800 Hydrofluorocarbon-32 CH 2 F 2 675 Perfluoromethane CF 4 7, 390 Perfluoroethane C 2 F 6 12, 200 Perfluoropropane C 3 F 8 8, 830 Perfluorobutane C 4 F 10 8, 860 Perfluorocyclobutane c-C 4 F 8 10, 300 Perfluoropentane C 5 F 12 13, 300 Perfluorohexane C 6 F 14 9, 300

Billions of Tonnes of AIR

Let’s Stop the Myth n n n Plug-in cars are NOT carbon/emissions free. Where does the electricity come from? Coal? n Possibly better

The TED team n Carbon sequestration Pump carbon dioxide into the ground into old mines. n Pump it into the ocean n n Norgaard: No large experiments Time scale n Size n

A Fun Chapter to Write n n n Have fun reading it Organizing energy into useful work The relationship between energy and matter

Jacobs Conduit Model n Capture, use and recycle before it is lost Conduit Inputs Natural Resources Energy Imports Capture Reuse Recycle Develop Human Capital Develop Infrastructure Develop Physical Capital Tinkering Stretching Outputs Exports Waste

Economics Is All About n n Costs Relative Prices Profits Full Pricing

“A Nuclear Water Bargain Hot Enough To Melt The Taps Richard Macey January 31, 2007

FOR sale - 10 tonnes of water, just one owner, but no longer needed. However, even with the drought, Sydneysiders would not want to use it on their gardens.

For years it has cooled the ageing Lucas Heights nuclear research reactor. But when the 49 -year-old facility was shut down yesterday, the "heavy" water became surplus and is now for sale. With new heavy water - similar to ordinary water but with extra neutrons - worth about $1 million a tonne, the Lucas Heights stock may be the hot bargain of 2007. ”

Consider the Basics of Humans n n n Humans eat food and convert some of the energy into mechanical work Roughly 20% of the intake can become mechanical work Thus, each Kcal of work must generate 5 Kcal of food energy Less produces a loss More provides profit

New Guinea n Agriculture provides 15 Kcal for each expended Kcal Sweet potato, taro, cassava, yam and banana n Yeah, sing and dance time n n AZ Watermelons It takes 2049 Kcal to produce 37 Kcal of watermelons! n 11 gallons of water as well n

Team Adaptation n n Adaptation Health Food, Fiber and Forest Products Pick some topics http: //www. ipcc. ch/index. htm

Team Mitigation n n Mitigation Housing and Buildings Transportation Pick some topics http: //www. ipcc. ch/index. htm

Pick a Corner n n n Team Adaptation: Left side Team Mitigation: Right side Whose Left and Right?