EUROMED SOLAR WORKSHOP on EU-MENA COOPERATION on Solar

EUROMED SOLAR WORKSHOP on EU-MENA COOPERATION on Solar Power Side event to the extraordinary session of EMPA Dead Sea/Jordan 2008 DESERTEC Clean Power from Deserts The global challenge of energy, water and climate security Gerhard Knies DESERTEC Project Promotor for The Club of Rome and co-ordinator of TREC www. desertec. org , Gerhard. Knies@. desertec. org Gerhard Knies, EMPA DS 2008 1

Our Earth 2050 a World with 10 Billion People Our Region EUMENA a community of 1. 4 Billion People, rich in solar energy Our Neighbourhood with conflicts for land water Gerhard Knies, EMPA DS 2008 2

Our Earth 2050 has a problem: mankind Our Region Our Neighbourhood How can 10 Billion People live together on Earth ? Gerhard Knies, EMPA DS 2008 3

5 Essentials for our Earth with 10 Billion People in 2050 1. Lasting and sufficient water, food + energy 2. Stable economy 3. Stable climate 4. Limit to further population growth 5. Peace Enough energy for “civilization”: Enough water: by desalination and re-use Enough food: by irrigation Enough and stable economy Enough wealth to stop population growth Enough energy precondition for enough water, food and wealth to avoid large scale migration and to avoid conflicts for resources. Clean energy for stable climate New SECURITY paradigm: enough + clean energy Gerhard Knies, EMPA DS 2008 4

How much power is “enough” ? 1. Power person per year: 5 (+/- 1) MWh 2006: world 3. 1, OECD =8. 6, USA=12. 2, India=0. 9, Germany=6. 4, Egypt=1. 2 MWh 2. World pop. 2050: 10 (+/- 0. 5) billion people 50, 000 TWh/y, (+/- 20%) world in 2050 18, 000 TWh/y in 2007 Is there a way to provide enough + clean energy? There are several, a very powerful one is DESERTEC Gerhard Knies, EMPA DS 2008 5

DESERTEC = Clean Power from Deserts for the World 3000 km world electricity demand More than 90% of world pop could be served by clean power from deserts ! (18, 000 TWh/y) can be produced from 300 x 300 km² =0. 23% of all deserts Gerhard Knies, EMPA DS 2008 distributed over “ 10 000” sites 6

50, 000 TWh/y => 10, 000 solar GW Global 10 billion people 2050 5 MWh/person/year Total global power demand 50, 000 TWh/y EUMENA = 1/7 world population 7, 000 TWh/y (14%) 50% as solar power from deserts 25, 000 solar TWh/y CSP Collector capacity (2, 500 solar h/y) 10, 000 GW „collector GW“ 1, 400 GW CSP Plant capacity (7500 op. h/y) 3, 300 GW plant capacity = 2 -3 x collector capacity Collector deployment world-wide 1 GW/day over 30 years EUMENA Gerhard Knies, EMPA DS 2008 1 GW/week 7

Our Region - EUMENA Gerhard Knies, EMPA DS 2008 8

DESERTEC Concept for EU-MENA 1/7 of world: 10, 000 1, 400 solar GW collector capac. EUMENA Study By DLR MED-CSP TRANS-CSP deserts + technology for energy, water and climate security Club of Rome White Paper 2007 (www. desertec. org) Gerhard Knies, EMPA DS 2008 9

Our Neighbourhood 1: Nile Delta food shortage Egypts food source - under water ! lobal G : ming war ter 7 me + Gerhard Knies, EMPA DS 2008 10

Our Neighbourhood 2: GAZA Water shortage Gerhard Knies, EMPA DS 2008 11

Strong over-pumping of aquifer underneath Gaza Ground Water Level (m) below Mediterranean Sea Level Pollution of Wells by Salt Water threat to young children. Sea level Salt intrusion ! Gerhard Knies, EMPA DS 2008 12

Basic parameters for Solar Water &Power Source Population in Expected in 2015 In 2025 In 2035 1. 4 Mio 2. 0 2. 6 3. 3 Assuming 3. 0% ann. Growth Assuming 2. 0% ann. Growth 2005 From Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics Demand Per person and year Power 5 MWh 15 TWh electricity/y Water 350 m³ > 1 billion m³ water/y for 3 Million inhabitants Required solar collector size (5 km² for 1 TWh/year): 75 km² for collectors = 20% of Gaza area Gerhard Knies, EMPA DS 2008 13

r n d lea ate C lin sa De ate w er Gerhard Knies, EMPA DS 2008 w po Desalinated w Clean pow er ater Solar Power&Water Plants in Egypt and/or Israel + Pipe and Power Lines into Gaza 14

Summary • The whole world is vulnerable to climate change and energy scarcity. • A bold emergency plan is needed. DESERTEC offers a global defense line against climate change and energy scarcity! • North Africa and Middle East are extremely vulnerable to climate change: Mediterranean Solar Plan community for energy and climate security. (like community for coal and steel 60 years ago). • Co-operation of desert and technology belts (DESERTEC, Union for the Mediterranean, Mediterranean Solar Plan ) holds the promise – to stop climate change, – to achieve wealth and just development, – to resolve water and energy conflicts in the region Gerhard Knies, EMPA DS 2008 15

10: 30 – 10: 40 Opening of the EUROMED SOLAR WORKSHOP Prof. Hans-Gert Poettering, President of the European Parliament, President of the Euro-Mediterranean Parliamentary Assembly (EMPA), Honorary Member of the Brussels-EU Chapter of the Club of Rome 10: 40 – 10: 55 Chairman’s opening remarks Dr. Gerhard Knies, DESERTEC Project Director, German Association CLUB OF ROME; Coordinator, Trans. Mediterranean Renewable Energy Cooperation (TREC) 10: 55 – 11: 15 Dr. Nikolaus Benz, 11: 15 – 11: 20 – 11: 35 Survey on solar technologies; Projects in Spain and North Africa Vice President, European Solar Thermal Electricity Association Questions Combined heat, power, desalination and district cooling with CSP; Potentials in the EU-MENA countries: the MED-CSD project Jürgen Kern, Managing Director, kernenergien | the solar power company 11: 35 – 11: 40 Questions 11: 40 – 12: 00 Survey on solar energy potentials; Expected demand for power and water in MENA; and power export to Europe Prof. Dr. -Ing. Hans Müller-Steinhagen, Head of the Institute of Technical Thermodynamics, German Aerospace Center (DLR) 12: 00 – 12: 05 Questions 12: 05 – 12: 20 The Mediterranean Solar Plan as part of the Barcelona Process: Union for the Mediterranean (Uf. M) Antoine-Tristan Mocilnikar, Mission Union pour la Méditerranee, Presidence de la République Française 12: 20 – 12: 25 Questions 12: 25 – 12: 40 Bottlenecks and options for market introduction and EU-MENA cooperation Dr. Peer Günzel, Head of Renewables – Solar Energy Europe, HSH Nordbank AG 12: 40 – 13: 10 What can the EMPA(s) do? Open discussion Gerhard Knies, EMPA DS 2008 16