ESSENTIALS CHAPTER computing 1 Information Technology the Internet

ESSENTIALS CHAPTER computing 1 Information Technology, the Internet, and You Copyright 2003 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. 1

computing ESSENTIALS Competencies Information systems Application software vs. system software Computer types Types of files Connectivity, Wireless Revolution, and the Internet Copyright 2003 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. 2

computing ESSENTIALS Information Systems l l l People l Goal is to improve the productivity of people Procedures l Guidelines to follow using software, hardware, data Software Hardware Data l Raw unprocessed facts Copyright 2003 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. 3

computing ESSENTIALS Connectivity l Allows computers to connect and share information l Expands the capabilities and usefulness of users Copyright 2003 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. 4

computing ESSENTIALS People l Most important part of an information system l Direct contact l Indirect contact Copyright 2003 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. 5

computing ESSENTIALS Software l l Series of instructions that process data Two kinds l System software l Used by the computer l Application software l Used by the user Copyright 2003 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. 6

computing ESSENTIALS System Software l Enables application software to interact with computer hardware l Background software l Operating system software l Most important system software l Executes application software l Stores data and programs Copyright 2003 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. 7

computing ESSENTIALS Application Software l End-user software l General-purpose programs l l Internet Explorer, Microsoft Word, Power. Point Special-purpose programs l Custom written for specialized tasks Copyright 2003 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. 8

computing ESSENTIALS Hardware l Physical electronic devices l Hardware functions l Input/Output data l Process data l Storage l Communication Copyright 2003 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. 9

computing ESSENTIALS Types of Computers l Supercomputers l Mainframe computers l Minicomputers l Microcomputers Copyright 2003 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. 10

computing ESSENTIALS Supercomputers l Most powerful type of computer l High data capacity l Used by large organizations Copyright 2003 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. 11

computing ESSENTIALS Mainframe Computers l Capable of great processing speed l Large data storage capacity l Occupy large air-conditioned rooms Copyright 2003 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. 12

computing ESSENTIALS Minicomputers l Also known as midrange computers l Desk-sized machines l Usually used for specific purposes l Controlling manufacturing processes l Dedicated servers Copyright 2003 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. 13

computing ESSENTIALS Microcomputers l Least powerful but most popular l Sizes range from desktop to handheld l Includes: l Desktop l Laptop l PDAs Copyright 2003 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. 14

Information Flow Copyright 2003 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. 15

computing ESSENTIALS Microcomputer Hardware l Physical equipment consist of l System unit l I/O devices l Secondary storage Copyright 2003 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. 16

computing ESSENTIALS System Unit l l Contains most of the electronic components Significant components l Microprocessor l Controls and manipulates data l Memory l Holds data and programs during processing Copyright 2003 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. 17

computing ESSENTIALS Input/Output Devices l Translation devices that interface the computer with humans l Input devices l l Keyboard, mouse, scanner, digital camera Output devices l Monitor, printer, speakers Copyright 2003 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. 18

computing ESSENTIALS Secondary Storage Devices l l Store data and programs even after power is shut off Most common types l Floppy disks l Hard disks l Optical disks (CD-ROMs, DVDs) l Magnetic tapes Copyright 2003 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. 19

computing ESSENTIALS Data Files l Electronic storage of raw or processed data l Common types l Document l Worksheet l Database l Presentation Copyright 2003 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. 20

computing ESSENTIALS Connectivity • Computer’s ability to communicate with other computers • Computer network • Share information over large distances Copyright 2003 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. 21

computing ESSENTIALS Wireless Revolution l Most dramatic change in connectivity l Widespread use of mobile communications l Multifunctional devices l Phones with monitors, cameras l PDAs with Internet connections Copyright 2003 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. 22

computing ESSENTIALS The Internet l Largest network in the world l l Global connectivity World Wide Web l Internet service providing multimedia interface Copyright 2003 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. 23

computing ESSENTIALS A Look to the Future l l Powerful software l Tools in today's job market Powerful hardware l Increasingly more powerful Connectivity l Link with others to share information, resources Security and Privacy l Increased connectivity increases risk too Copyright 2003 The Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. 24