ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF SHIPPING: GLOBAL WARMING AND CO 2 EMISSIONS Prepared by: AGAFONOV KIRILL Frederick University of Cyprus JANUARY, 2013
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF SHIPPING: GLOBAL WARMING AND CO 2 EMISSIONS • Why reduction of emissions takes so long time to reduce them by technological and scientific innovations? • Kyoto Protocol, what it achieved, and does it really help? • Does ETS and Carbon Tax reduce emissions? • What Committees and Organizations do to prevent future emissions?
Global warming
Global warming
Environmental Impact
Environmental Impact
Environmental Impact - Potential improvements in the design of ships - Operational improvements - Alternative fuels
Kyoto Protocol
Kyoto Protocol
ETS and Carbon Tax
Organizations and Commities • Monitoring System in 2013 – 3% of the emissions could go to 18% by 2050 • Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) will come into force in 2015
Conclusion • - As the shipping industry is under-regulated, these environmental and public health impacts will escalate tremendously as global trade triples over the next two decades — until new air pollution and no-discharge laws are enacted by national and international bodies. Thank You • - It will, therefore, be extremely challenging, and expensive, to reduce emissions of CO 2 from international shipping, particularly if trying to achieve economy-wide emissions reduction targets under a hypothetical equal burden-sharing approach. There are several options, but at present most of them are not economically viable. And it will be always not economical, if people would not understand, than in future, when it will be too late to change something, paper, that called “money” will not safe them in front of planetary disaster.
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