Enumeration in Brazilian Census Marcos Rodrigues Pinto Census

Enumeration in Brazilian Census Marcos Rodrigues Pinto Census Software Development Team Manager United Nations Technical Meeting on Use of Technology in Population and Housing Censuses Amman, Jordan, 28 November-1 December 2016 1

Data Collection Challenges in Brazil Country with 8. 516. 000 km² (47. 3% of the continent's land area) More than 200 million inhabitants in 67 million housing units 27 Federation Units 5570 municipalities 2

Data Collection Challenges in Brazil Very diverse infrastructure

Evolution of Data Collection in Brazilian Census 2000 Paper based with OCR Data Processing. PDA only for management reports (Compaq Aero 1500) 2006 2010 Data collection with PDA only (MIO P 550 B) Data collection with PDA (LG GM-750 Q) and internet selfresponse

Training plan to qualify more than 200. 000 people (2010 Census) during 6 months Chaining training plan (cascade), to qualify people to passthrough knowledge Four paralel groups: pre-census, administrative, IT and operational Practical training classes using special version of the data collection mobile application, with multimedia and interactive for self-learning 5

Logistics To minimize the shipping of electronic devices between the IBGE central administration and the field, the manufactories delivered directly to the 27 federal units Equipaments prepared with all acessories and with all Apps pre-installed

Management Decentralized management by regional coordination and sub divisions Central Coordination Regional Operational Area Subarea Municipality Data Collection Station

The data collection station Supervisor distribute the workload, verify the quality and coverage of the data collection Where the supervisor and the enumerator meet, and the data syncronization is made, transmiting the data to the central servers Equipped with Laptop computer with Kiosk mode Wifi router allowed only to IBGE devices Printer 8

Monitoring the field enumeration Management systems capable to monitor in real-time the evolution of the field enumeration: Performance indicators Distribution of enumerator work load Supervision alerts Charts Reporting Cartograms Georeferenced information

Monitoring the field enumeration Performance indicators: Operational: Number of enumeration areas by status (noninitialized, finished, supervisoned) Total of population count Total of housing units count Comparison of housing units with pre-census Enumerator production IT Monitoring Number of data transmissions per day

Monitoring the field enumeration Supervision alerts created from comparison of collected data with the statistically expected numbers: Population count per day below/above expected Male population proportion below/above expected Proportion of population under 3 years and above 69 below/above expected Housing units count below/above expected Household income above/below expected Alerts created to the data collection station supervisor, and monitored by all managers above (municipality, operational, regional) Could generate request for interview again a sample of housing units

Monitoring the field enumeration Roles Data collection station supervision Monitor operational supervision alerts, operational indicator, distribute workload Interview sampled housing units Check sampled enumeration area coverage Municipality, subarea, and others managers Monitor on superior aggregations IT supervision Monitor data stations network, data transmissions, PDAs

Monitoring the field enumeration Georeferenced location where the enumerator has started an interview (captured by the device GPS), with the possibility to take photo of the enumeration area

Monitoring the field enumeration GPS to monitor the data enumeration area and identify possible misuse by the enumerator 14

Monitoring the field enumeration Cartograms

Validation and Coverage Questionnaire with high level of validation and guidance, avoiding many common inconsistencies related to the paper based enumeration Address list updated by pre-census, used for enumerators routing and coverage control Device is equipped with the enumerator area map, questionnaires and list of addresses One enumeration area per enumerator (not shared)

Validation and Coverage

Validation and Coverage Data quality control reviewed for each Enumeration Area, including ratio of species of housing units, average number of persons per housing unit, ratio of people by gender, age, etc Approval process to finish an enumeration area and start the enumerator payment process

IT Architecture for data transmission and management

IT Architecture –Isolated areas communication VSAT - Very Small Aperture Terminal BGAN - Broadband Global Area Network 20

IT Architecture – Recomendations Load balance data reception servers to accept transmisions Secure reception channel with server certificate (HTTPS) Request client certificate, to trust the client identity Keep database inside protected network

Confidentiality Enumerators do not have access to data stored on the device, witch is encrypted and saved in the app storage area Data transferred to IBGE through a secure network Device and app secured by password Devices locked to be used only as data collection equipment, using programs certified by IBGE: avoid undesired usage by enumerator and theft

IT Architecture – Internet Data Collection E-Ticket process to match the address and questionnaire

Risks Data collection app not properly developed • Allow invalid data input • Data loss Ineffective use of the enumerator device, due to lack of training Servers infrastructure not properly scaled for receiving transmissions Management systems and team not prepared to monitor the enumeration

IBGE´s Challenges for 2020 Multi-mode data collection with internet and app for selfresponse; How to minimize the software development effort to build internet self-response, enumerator app and self-response app; How to match the address list with the internet self-response data without the need to visit the household

Unesco / Net. Explorateur 2011

Thank you Marcos Rodrigues Pinto marcos. pinto@ibge. gov. br +55 21 2142 4565