English vowel teams ei ai oi ui ie

English vowel teams ei ai oi ui ie ia io ey ee ea eo eu ew ay au aw oy oe oa oo ou ow uy ue regular irregular rule

ie middle final long-e long-i fierce pier bier Pierce fiend chief thief relief. . . die tie lie pie fie hie. . . (Silent-e rule) two syllables diet quiet exception short-e friend

ea long-e sea heap read lease team real steal beat steal. . . short-e head dead read lead insteady bread dread thread tread spread meadow short-e sweat leather weather health wealth stealth realm long-a great break

ou regular short-u long-u “ow!” house thousand about loud louse tout proud hour round cloud. . . after /y/ double trouble country couple your youth soup group Houston exception soul

ow “ oh!” know slow sow bow row grow blow stow glow crow low. . “ow!” how cow sow bow. row brow now scow plow prow “ oh!” brown down brown clown gown sown mown allow tower flower cower power dower endow slower tower mower grower

oo regular long-u moo boot toot boom soon choose cool stool mood moon fool. . . before /d/short round-u before /k/ short round-u good hood stood wood book hook shook took crook cook look nook rook brook shortened short-u flood blood foot

ee regular exception long-e short-i bee see feed eel seen keen feet meet creep beetle. . . been exceptions long-a entrée fiancee nee (Silent-e rule with no consonant)

oa regular exceptions long-o “aw!” boat goat road goal shoal groan roam foam boast toast roast. . . broad exceptions vv boa coagulate coaxial Noah

oe regular long-o toe hoe floe roe doe woe (Silent-e rule) exception long-u shoe

ai, ay middle final exception long-a short-e maid paid raid tail wail sailor fail pain rain Spain raise. . say payment ray day bay may nay stay play. . said again

oi, oy medial final exception soil foil toil spoil coin loin choice quoit adroit boy toy Roy Troy soy cloy annoy croissant . . . Royal loyal

ui before /t/ suit fruit recruit juice before /i/ building built guild bi-syllabic /uw-i/ ruin

uy regular long-i buy guy buyer

ue regular long-u true blue due hue clue glue sue rue (Silent-e rule) exceptions segue guess vague league rogue

eu, ew medial final exception long-u long-o neuter pneumonia blew dew hew mew new pew crew few sew

au, aw middle final caught taut lawn hawk law saw caw gnaw flaw maw craw

eo after /g/ before /r/ geography George geology Georgia

ei, ey after /c/ before /gh/ long-e long-a receive receipt conceit deceit conceive deceive weigh neighbor theirs final long-a they grey prey exception long-e weird

ia, ious stressed long-i, shwa stressed long e, short-a bias dial diary vial via diary maniac radial radiant riot serious various