England The Great places of England üBig

England

The Great places of England üBig Ben ü Tower Bridge üStonehenge üAnd many interesting places…

• The name Big Ben is often used to describe the tower, the clock and the bell but the name was first given to the Great Bell. • The Clock Tower was completed in 1859 and the Great Clock started on 31 May, with the Great Bell’s strikes heard for the first time on 11 July and the quarter bells first chimed on 7 September.

• The four dials of the clock are 23 feet square, the minute hand is 14 feet long and the figures are 2 feet high. Minutely regulated with a stack of coins placed on the huge pendulum, Big Ben is an excellent timekeeper, which has rarely stopped.

• The name Big Ben actually refers not to the clock-tower itself, but to the thirteen ton bell hung within. The bell was named after the first commissioner of works, Sir Benjamin Hall

• Tower Bridge is the oldest station in London and was first opened in 1836. Today it serves over 42 million people every year. The station was originally made up of two and this is still apparent in the combination of through and terminal platforms.

• The through platforms lie on the Kent and South East London routes into Charing Cross and Cannon Street. The remainder is the terminus for routes from Sussex and South London. • The station is also served by First Capital Connect which runs trains every 15 minutes between Brighton, Gatwick, Luton and Bedford.

• The stones we see today represent Stonehenge in ruin. Many of the original stones have fallen or been removed by previous generations for home construction or road repair. • There has been serious damage to some of the smaller bluestones resulting from close visitor contact (prohibited since 1978) and the prehistoric carvings on the larger sarsen stones show signs of significant wear.

• Construction of the Henge • In its day, the construction of Stonehenge was an impressive engineering feat, requiring commitment, time and vast amounts of manual labor. In its first phase, Stonehenge was a large earthwork; a bank and ditch arrangement called a henge, constructed approximately 5, 000 years ago.

Buses Since the first appearance of the Routemaster bus in the 1950 s, its doubledecker design has been adopted and adapted for buses in cities around the country – and world. Explore the story of this design and its development, as well as the symbolic value the red double-decker has come to hold for Londoners and tourists.

Routemasters that have come to the end of their working life have been converted into tour buses, party venues… even estate agents! • Routemaster double-deckers have become famous the world over through their appearances in countless films and books.

Bull Ring Is the name of the famous shopping centre in Birmingham. The area has been an important feature of the city since the Middle Ages. First shopping centre was opened here in 1960 s, present one on 4 September 2003. There are 140 stores and services. The total retail area is 125, 300 square metres. It is the eleventh largest department store in the United Kingdom and certainly the one of the busiest. The centre is illuminated at night.

The statue of Boulton, Watt and Murdoch • The statue of Boulton, Watt and Murdoch stands on Broad Street, outside the House of Sport (former Registery Office). It is often nicknamed “The Golden Boys” or “The Carper Salesmen”. The statue was designed by William Bloye. The designs were made in 1938. However, the statue was unveiled just in 1956.

Baskerville House Is an office building in the centre of Birmingham, in the Centenary Square. It is former Civic Centre. The building was built on the site of previous home of John Baskerville who was buried nearby. During the construction of the canal through this area, his body was found in a good condition and he was displayed to the public before buried at Christ Church. Two basins were constructed here and after the city bought the land decided to build the Civic Centre, both of them were filled in.

One aspect of visiting the United Kingdom that cannot be ignored is touring the Castles in England. There are so many small and large castles in England that it is virtually impossible to discuss all of them in one place. The castles in England had a variety of uses, from housing kings during vacations to punishing the many prisoners within their walls.

Some castles in England are in relatively good condition, while others exist in ruins, but are fascinating. It is a good idea to tour the castles in England to get a taste of what life was like for both prisoners and royalty hundreds of years ago.

Some legends about castles are talking about different mystic accidents. Sometimes people sees a ghosts.

It is mysterious and horrible part of castle's live…

Booh…. !!!

History of England üKings and Queens üLondon ü National symbols of England üEducation

Kings and Qween of Great Britain.

Alfred Anne Charles I Edward III Edward IV Charles II Edward the Confessor Edward V

Edward VI Edwar d VII Elizabet h of York George I Ethelber George

George VI Elizabeth Henry. V Henry II Henry. III Henry IV James I

James II Richar d III John Mary. II Richard II Stephe William Victoria n I II IV

London, the capital of England the UK, is the world's ninth-largest city. Its history spans nearly 2, 000 years, beginning with the arrival of the Romans soon after their invasion of Britain in AD 43. London is situated on the banks of the river Thames, in southeast England. Together they all make up a region known as Greater London.

London is made up of two ancient cities which are now joined together. They are: the City of London, know simply as 'the City' which is the business and financial heart of the United Kingdom. It is also known as the Square Mile (2. 59 sq km/1 sq mi). It was the original settlement (ancient Londinium). The City of Westminster, where Parliament and most of the government offices are located. Also Buckingham Palace, the official London residence of the Queen and the Royal family are located there too.

The national flag of England, known as St. George's Cross, has been the national flag since the 13 th century. Originally the flag was used by the maritime state the Republic of Genoa. The English monarch paid a tribute to the Doge of Genoa from 1190 onwards, so that English ships could fly the flag as a means of protection when entering the Mediterranean.

• A red cross acted as a symbol for many Crusaders in the 12 th and 13 th centuries. It became associated with Saint George, along with countries and cities, which claimed him as their patron saint and used his cross as a banner. Since 1606 the St George's Cross has formed part of the design of the Union Flag, a Pan-British flag designed by King James I.

After finishing compulsory education, pupils take a GCSE examination, following which they may decide to continue in further education and attend a further education college. England has more than 90 statefunded universities, which are monitored by the Department for Innovation, Universities and Skills.

The most acclaimed English universities are Oxford and Cambridge. These two "ancient universities" have many common features and are nowadays known as Oxbridge. The King's School, Canterbury and The King's School, Rochester are the oldest schools in the English-speaking world. Many of England's more well-known schools, such as Winchester College, Eton College, St Paul's School, Rugby School, and Harrow School are fee-paying institutions.

Modern England üPolitics üTower’s guards üFamous people

As part of the United Kingdom, the basic political system in England is a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy. There has not been a Government of England since 1707, when the Acts of Union 1707, putting into effect the terms of the Treaty of Union, joined England Scotland to form the Kingdom of Great Britain. Before the union England was ruled by its monarch and the Parliament of England. Today England is governed directly by the Parliament of the United Kingdom, although other countries of the United Kingdom have devolved governments.

Palace of Westminster, the seat of the Parliament of the United Kingdom

• The men you will see in front of Buckingham Palace are not just ceremonial guards but also serving Soldiers. While upholding the traditions of the past, they also perform duties throughout the world as professional soldiers and are known as some of the most elite and skilled soldiers in the British Army. • This is why Changes may occur in the guard change as the soldiers are required for operational duties.

• This is why Changes may occur in the guard change as the soldiers are required for operational duties.

Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary; born 21 April 1926) As a constitutional monarch, she is politically neutral and by convention her role is largely ceremonial. Her father, George VI, was the last Emperor of India. On his death in 1952, Elizabeth became Head of the Commonwealth, and queen of seven independent Commonwealth countries: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Pakistan, and Ceylon, later renamed Sri Lanka.

During her reign, which at 57 years is one of the longest for a British monarch, she became queen of 25 other countries within the Commonwealth as they gained independence from Britain. She has been the sovereign of 32 individual nations, half of which later became republics. Elizabeth married Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, in 1947. The couple have four children and eight grandchildren.

Margaret Hilda Thatcher, Baroness Thatcher LG, OM, PC, FRS (born 13 October 1925) served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990 and Leader of the Conservative Party from 1975 to 1990. She is the only woman to have held either post. Born in Grantham in Lincolnshire, England.

Thatcher's tenure as Prime Minister was the longest since that of Lord Salisbury and the longest continuous period in office since Lord Liverpool in the early 19 th century. She was the first woman to lead a major political party in the United Kingdom, and the first of only three women to hold any of the four great offices of state. She holds a life peerage as Baroness Thatcher, of Kesteven in the County of Lincolnshire, which entitles her to sit in the House of Lords.

Lady Diana Frances Spencer, (Diana Frances Mountbatten-Windsor, née Spencer) (July 1, 1961– August 31, 1997) was the first wife of Charles, Prince of Wales. From her marriage in 1981 to her divorce in 1996 she was styled "Her Royal Highness The Princess of Wales". After her divorce from the Prince of Wales in 1996 Diana ceased to be the Princess of Wales and also lost the resulting Royal Highness style. She received the title normally used by the ex-wives of peers, Diana, Princess of Wales under Letters Patent issued by Queen Elizabeth II at the time of the divorce.

Diana was often called Princess Diana by the media and the public, but she did not possess such a title and was not personally a princess, a point Diana herself made to people who referred to her as such. To her admirers, the Princess of Wales was a role model - after her death, there were even calls for her to be nominated for sainthood - while her detractors saw her life as a cautionary tale of how an obsession with publicity can ultimately destroy an individual.

Thank you for your attention Volkhova Natalia Goldynska Kateryna