England - is part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. For centuries, England remained the center of the whole kingdom. Its historical and cultural links with the rest of the UK, of course, were and remain extremely strong. Therefore, residents of the UK culture is mainly determined by the culture of England, Scotland, with the addition of local cultural traditions, Wales and Northern Ireland, as well as, though to a lesser extent, the cultures of dozens of countries, one of the former colonies of the British Empire.
The greatest artistic contribution to the culture of England has been made in the field of theater, literature and architecture. The country also has a rich collection of works of art that represent the culture of different eras and countries. Most visitors to admire the majestic beauty of the English aristocracy houses and the splendor of the local cathedrals and castles. Although modern architecture is represented England highways, high-rise buildings and seemingly uninteresting suburbs of buildings, but modern architects such as Sir Norman Foster and Richard Rogers, are bright and original solutions, such as the Tate Modern, the Millennium Bridge and Lloidz. Anyone who has studied English literature, remembers names such as Chaucer, Shakespeare, Dickens - one should not underestimate their contribution to European literature. England gave the world the English language, which is now the language of international communication. In language there are many dialects and sub-dialects, it is no wonder that people from the south of England need a translator to talk to people living in the north of Oxford. The modern culture of England began with many changes and transformations in the lives of the inhabitants of the island. In particular, since 1945, these changes have affected literature and music.
The most notable examples of these changes can serve as a transformation of Liverpool, and then London, the center of world pop culture in the 1960 s. "The Beatles" were just the very first and most famous of the British rock band that conquered the world. British fashion designer famous for his avant-garde style, and bright clothes from shops on Carnaby Street and Kings Road became known far outside of London. In addition to these changes, as well as less significant recovery in other areas of culture after the Second World War, significant changes have taken place in society. The most striking change was the increase of the level of education. the government began to pay more attention to the development and support of the arts in the country. Special Arts Council, formed in 1946, supports a variety of art, which, in turn, caused the expansion of the cultural market, primarily commercial. As in many developed countries, the clash of the older and younger generation of tastes and values, periods was very cruel, especially in the 60's 70's of the 20 th century. Rushed after the formation of the United Kingdom to the United Kingdom, and particularly in England, the flow of immigrants from developing countries brought a diversity of cultures and religions in developing countries. The interaction of these cultures and the general culture of the UK in many ways defines today's United Kingdom
These clock on the tower of the Parliament of the United Kingdom could be heard all over the world. It was the first blow to Big Ben on the night of 31 to 1, the planet is officially on the international standard of time goes into the New Year. Clock tower rises 98 meters above the Thames embankment. On the tower is installed the clock mechanism, wherein a high accuracy. We can say that this "master clock" state. Large, specially molded for the bell tower "Big Ben", weighing 13. 5 tons, it beats the clock. Fight Big Ben's English station continuously transmitting signals. Big Ben and its surrounding other smaller bells chime knock out the following words: "Through this hour the Lord protect me, and the strength of his will not allow anyone to stumble. " After the battle of chimes first hammer blow of Big Ben is exactly the same with the first seconds of the hour. . mechanism, despite its nearly 1. 5 centuries of history and weight of 5 tons, works perfectly. Dials Big Ben look at all 4 corners of the world. Big Ben - symbol of its time period, most of the country's dawn. And the inscription in Latin at the base of each of the four dials: "! God save the Queen Victoria" - a tribute to the personal respect for the monarch, and in which there was such a thing as the British Empire. These watches have received huge popularity both in England abroad.
Tower Bridge - one of the main symbols of London. Tower Bridge is located in the heart of London on the River Thames near the Tower of London. That kind of Tower Bridge is associated with Britain, even those who have never been there. Business Card London. The bridge was designed by Horace Jones in 1894. It represents the 244 th meter swing bridge, consisting of two towers and has a central span length of 61 meters. Tower Bridge has a height of 65 meters, and at an altitude of 44 meters, they are connected by galleries, which allow pedestrians to cross the bridges, even in diluted state. June 30, 1894 was inaugurated by the Prince of Wales, Edward and his wife, Princess Alexandra. The uniqueness of the bridge is that it is one of the few bridges in the world that are half hanging, half-lifting. Now in the galleries of a museum dedicated to the Tower Bridge. It presents as an art work, drawings and designs, as well as part of the previously existing bridge wiring mechanisms.
Westminster Abbey - a Gothic church of St. Peter in London. This is a traditional place where the crown and bury the monarchs of England. The abbey was built from 1245 by 1745, and is a vivid example of medieval church architecture. Westminster Abbey was founded by King Edward the Confessor of England in 1065. Construction of one of the most important shrines of the UK was carried out intermittently over the years 1245 -1745. , But has retained the features of Gothic architecture. The majestic walls of the abbey still remember the solemn echoes of the coronations of monarchs and majestic notes of grief Farewell to the most important person in the history of England. In Westminster Abbey and held liturgy and service to this day. The most important shrine can be called the tomb of Edward the Confessor, canonized. For connoisseurs and just curious people will visit an unforgettable experience "Poets Corner", where they found their eternal rest famous artists: Charles Dickens, Edmund Spenser; a monument to Shakespeare, Milton, and many others.
London Eye - a huge Ferris wheel located in the center of London. Enough new but already popular and widely known landmark of the city. Since it offers a beautiful view of the entire central London. The terms of this Ferris wheel must make every guest of the British capital, which would assess the size and beauty of the city. The London Eye - one of the modern attractions of the city. Ferris Wheel was erected in honor of the coming millennium - the second millennium. The London Eye is a project of the architects David Marks and Julia Barfield. The construction of the Ferris wheel took 6 years, its doors to visitors London Eye opened December 31, 1999. Externally, the London Eye Ferris wheel resembles a bicycle wheel with spokes - its design is relatively simple. The height of the Ferris wheel in London is 135 meters, with its highest point on a clear day can be seen fully the entire city. At the wheel of the London Eye is fixed 32 cabins, each of which accommodates 25 visitors. Number of cabins represents the number of the London suburbs.
London is unique in the fact that for a very long time, is the largest city in Europe in which mixed old and modernity, classicism and avant-garde, luxurious palaces and unremarkable suburb. . London attracts visitors for its museums and art galleries, theaters and music festivals. The city is also famous for lots of ancient palaces and churches in which are stored the shrines of the English people.
The main London shopping and entertainment center is located north of Trafalgar Square. In Oxford Street there are many large shops and luxury boutiques and fine - on the streets of Bond Street and Regent Street. In Covent Garden you can buy works of art and souvenirs. Street Charing Cross Rod is famous for its bookshops.