ENERGY SOURCES AND TYPES 8 TH GRADE PHYSICAL

ENERGY SOURCES AND TYPES 8 TH GRADE PHYSICAL SCIENCE

Fossil Fuels Renewable or Nonrenewable? Nonrenewable Definition Remains of ancient animals and plants preserved underground Characteristics/F acts Burning fossil fuels produces greenhouse gases Examples 1. Coal (solid) 2. Oil (liquid) 3. Natural gas

Natural Gas Renewable or Nonrenewable? Nonrenewable Definition Characteristics/F acts Examples Fossil fuel gas 1. Used for (mostly cooking Pipes sunk into methane) and ground to release trapped heating gas underground 2. Burn gas in rocks for heat

Coal Renewable or Nonrenewable? Nonrenewable Definition Solid Fossil fuel mined from rock layers Characteristics/F acts Form from dead plants and animals that settle at the bottom of swamps millions of years ago Examples Burn coal to produce steam to make electricity

Uranium Renewable or Nonrenewable? Definition Characteristics/F acts Uranium-235 is Nuclear used in nuclear energy stored power plants Nonrenewable in the nucleus Atoms split of an atom during fission and give off heat Examples 1. Three Mile Island

Biomass Renewable or Nonrenewable? Renewable Definition Stored chemical energy in organic matter or wastes Characteristics/F acts -when burned produces thermal energy -releases air pollution Examples 1. Wood 2. Used to make ethanol

Water Renewable or Nonrenewable? Renewable Definition Characteristics/F acts Mechanical energy of Does not release flowing water air pollution or turns turbine carbon dioxide to generate electricity Examples 1. Dams 2. Water mills

Geothermal Renewable or Nonrenewable? Renewable Definition Heat energy from below Earth’s surface Characteristics/F acts Used to heat homes or generate electricity Examples 1. Water heater 2. Can produce steam to make electricity

Wind Renewable or Nonrenewable? Renewable Definition Moving air caused by unequal heating of atmosphere Characteristics/F acts Examples -Change Kinetic Energy into electrical energy 1. Windmill -only some areas get enough wind

Solar Renewable or Nonrenewable ? Renewable Definition Characteris tics/Facts Electromagnetic energy that Not travels through practical in space in cloudy electrical and areas magnetic waves Examples 1. Solar powered cars 2. Solar panels on house 3. Calculators!

Kinetic Definition Characteristics/Facts Examples Energy of Motion KE= ½ mv 2 Velocity and mass affect KE 1. Rolling ball 2. Rotating fan 3. Moving car

Potential Definition Characteristics/Facts Examples Stored Energy 2 main types: 1. Gravitational PE 2. Elastic PE 1. Airplane in the sky 2. Rubber band

Mechanical Definition Characteristics/Facts Examples Amount of Potential and Kinetic Energy in an object TOTAL ME= constant ME= KE + PE 1. Projectiles 2. Roller coasters

Thermal Definition Total potential and kinetic energy of particles Characteristics/Facts Examples Kinetic energy increases as particles move FASTER 1. Boiling water 2. Lava 3. Ice cream melting

Electrical Definition Characteristics/Facts Examples Energy of electric charges -Can flow or be stored -Easily converted 1. Lightning 2. Electricity

Chemical Definition Characteristics/Facts Examples Energy stored in chemical bonds (potential energy) Energy released when bonds break 1. Food 2. Fuel

Nuclear Definition Characteristics/Facts Energy stored in the nucleus of an Released during nuclear atom (potential reactions energy) Examples 1. Sun 2. Uranium

Electromagnetic Definition Energy of light or radiation Characteristics/Facts Examples Travels in waves 1. Light 2. Sound 3. Microwaves

Elastic Potential Definition Stored energy of objects stretched or compressed Characteristics/Facts Examples Further you stretch, more energy you have! 1. Rubber band 2. Bow and arrow

Gravitational Potential Energy Definition Stored energy related to an object’s height Characteristics/Facts Examples GPE= weight x height 1. Flower pot on windowsill 2. Roller coaster at top of hill