Emergency Preparedness Gardening
Gardening b Also available at www. tbpetersen. net b Extracted from www. providentliving. org b ”Living" storage b A few basic rules
Topics we will Cover b Acquiring Seeds b Selecting a Garden Site b Selecting Crops b Planning Your Garden b Deciding When to Plant b Preparing the Soil b Fertilizing the Soil
Topics we will Cover b Planting b Watering b Controlling Weeds b Mulching b Preventing Pests and Disease b Harvesting b Correcting Common Garden Problems
Acquiring Seeds b Buy rather than save from garden b Buy for two years to keep one year supply
Selecting a Garden Site b Full or near-full sunlight b Deep, well-drained, fertile soil b Near a water outlet b Free from shrubs or trees
Selecting Crops b Good portion of nutritious food for the time and space required b Plant according to family needs - resist over-planting
Selecting Crops. . .
Planning Your Garden b Separate Long-term from short-term crops b Plant tall crops where they will not overshadow small ones b Consider rate of maturity b Rotate to prevent diseases and insect buildup
Deciding When to Plant b May plant 10 days to 2 weeks earlier than commercial fields b Varies widely by area. April in Georgia?
Preparing the Soil b Add organic matter and/or sand b Turn in late winter or early spring b Periodically: composted materials, peanut hulls, rice hulls, grass clippings, etc b Gypsum: tight, heavy clay b Soil should be granular
Fertilizing the Soil b Clay soils absorb and store fertilizer three to four times the rate of sandy soils. b For clay soils add 10 -20 -10 or 12 -24 -12 at 1 to 2 pounds per 100 sqft.
Fertilizing the Soil. . . b Plant Food Elements on front of bag 10 -20 -10 N-P-K Potassium % Nitrogen % Phosphorus %
Fertilizing the Soil. . . b Method • • Apply few days before planting Spade the garden plot Spread Work the soil
Fertilizing the Soil. . . b p. H is too high (alkaline) • Add sulfur to recommended amounts b p. H • • is too low (basic) Add lime to recommended amounts When close to proper p. H 5 lbs/100 sq. Ft. every 2 -3 years should keep soil at good levels • Beans, peas, onions require high p. H levels
Planting b Plant as early as possible b Transplant where possible
Seeding b Cover the seed 2 to 3 times its widest measurement - (Rule of thumb) b For smaller-seeded crops such as carrots, lettuce, or onions, an average planting depth of ¼ to ½ inch is usually adequate. b Thin
Transplanting b Avoid transplanting too deep or too shallow. b Starter solution: • 2 to 3 cups of fertilizer to 5 gal. Water • Apply 1 to 2 pints per plant
Transplanting
Watering b Equivalent of 1 inch of rain per week b If sprinklers, water in the morning to allow foliage to dry - prevent disease. b Drip irrigation • • helps prevent disease most efficient use of water
Controlling Weeds b. A long-handled hoe is the best tool for control of undesirable plants b Chemical weed control • doesn’t kill all weeds • likely kill vegetables crops b Seedling b Mulch stage
Mulching b Increase yields b Conserve moisture b Prevent weed growth b Regulate soil temperature b Decrease losses caused by ground rot
Mulching b Organic mulches • straw, leaves, grass, bark, compost, sawdust, or peat moss • Will improve the soil condition, aeration, and drainage. • Apply 1 to 2 inches around growing plants. b Fertilize prior to turning.
Preventing Pests and Disease b Mild winters and long growing seasons b Avoid spraying if possible, but use chemicals where necessary. b Dispose of crop residue (leftovers)
Preventing Pests and Disease b Rotate b Use treated seeds b Use resistant varieties b Diseases can be prevented but not eradicated.
Harvesting b Harvest vegetables when they are mature. b Harvest the day it is to be eaten or preserved.
Correcting Common Garden Problems b Plants stunted in growth b Holes in leaves b Plant leaves with spots b Plants wilt even though sufficient water is present b More…see document
Questions?
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