Emergency Power for the Communicator AARC 7 April

Emergency Power for the Communicator: AARC, 7 April 2016

A new World of Power Bob Bruninga WB 4 APR Jan 2012 www. aprs. orgalternative-energy. html

1980 1983 My Energy Background Energy! 1970 1965 generator 1970 2015 2012 2010 2007 2013 Future? 2009

The world of power HAS CHANGED! I can’t believe I have lived long enough to see Solar cost half of the utilities and EVs cost less than, and out perform gas cars! 40 full size EVs in 2015! Solar Growth! 2015

Modern Power Distribution (DC!) 9 amp 8 amp 18 amp Power Systems have CHANGED! Switching supply takes up 8% of the space and only 10% of the mass and works 100 -240 VAC AND 150 -330 VDC

My Energy re-awakening 2007 • Adding solar panels to junkyard prius(s)

Field-Day Emergency Power • Adding solar panels to junkyard prius(s) About 500 W of Field Day solar power

Typical Backup solutions Generators & Batteries To provide less than $1 of electricity 8 hours of 1. 2 k. W house load Once a year! www. aprs. orgalternative-energy. html

Every Hybrid has at least a 50 k. W generator! Suitable for about 10 k. W of continuous field solar power Same 5 k. Wh/gal as a good Honda generator (because it only runs when needed) 10 k. W outlet for 220 v. DC And 1 k. W outlet for AC

Every Hybrid has about a 50 k. W generator! Whole House Prius Backup – 3 k. W of 240 VAC Same 5 k. Wh/gal as a good Honda generator (because it only runs when needed) Or 2 k. W peak and 800 W continuous

But, “Any car can provide about the same 2 k. W peak and about 600 W continuous…” Can’t do Whole House Any 12 v car can do this But only with the motor ALWAYS running. Only Hybrids with auto-motor start/stop can do it continuously.

Every Hybrid has about a 50 k. W generator! Whole House Prius Backup – 3 k. W of 240 VAC Over 60 models of Hybrids to choose from in 2014! Same 5 k. Wh/gal as a good Honda generator (because it only runs when needed) Or 2 k. W peak and 800 W continuous

But! If you want some SERIOUS power Think EV! A hybrid only has 1 or 2 k. Wh battery A plug-in EV has from 16 to 85 k. Wh of Energy! And can power a house for a week or a month

EVs can power homes during blackouts Power out? Power your house From your Car! EV’s don’t wait in gas lines Bob Bruninga, PE IEEE Transportation Committee http: //aprs. org/payin-to-plugin. html

EVs can power homes during blackouts Power out at your house? Go across the street! All the gas stations have no power and cannot pump gas? EV’s don’t wait in gas lines Bob Bruninga, PE IEEE Transportation Committee http: //aprs. org/payin-to-plugin. html

Over 40 EV’s now on Market! (in just 5 years!) Over 40 by 2015! Only 4 EV’s cost more than the average gas car! ($33 k) An average EV is only $29 k, or less than $26 k if you ignore the Tesla! Buy a used Leaf < $10 k

Most of what we think we know about EV’s is usually wrong Bob Bruninga, EVADC Cost too much! Runs on coal from Power Plant (Carbon) Most of us, Greybeards too, drive gas cars with gas-tank thinking Range too short Useless in power outage Planet Impact worse than a Hummer No Infrastructure Not enough chargers Takes too long to charge Bob Bruninga, PE IEEE Transportation Committee http: //aprs. org/payin-to-plugin. html

Evs Now cheaper than gas!. . 2013

Only ONE moving part! • Electricity less than 30% cost of gas • Maintenance 10% of a gas car

EVs Now cheaper than gas!. . 2013 2015 i. Miev

A Battery is not a TANK! The Complete Paradigm Shift: Gas cars drive-to-empty, then fill-to-full at Public Stations EV’s charge daily at home and at work while parked Bob Bruninga, PE IEEE Transportation Committee http: //aprs. org/payin-to-plugin. html

Every EV can charge from any 120 v outlet Charging stations for EVs is not sustainable Every EV comes with a 120 v charge cord Exist or $15 each Bob Bruninga, PE IEEE Transportation Committee $10, 000 installed http: //aprs. org/payin-to-plugin. html

Charge at Home (and at work) 0. 3% of the need Public Charging is like looking for $10/gal gas! 85% of all charging is at home on standard 120 v outlets Bob Bruninga, PE IEEE Transportation Committee http: //aprs. org/payin-to-plugin. html

Charging While Parked (21 hrs/day) Bob Bruninga, PE IEEE Transportation Committee http: //aprs. org/payin-to-plugin. html

Our Legacy experience People see this And think $50 Oh the Horror! Reality with EV’s is 20¢/hr $1 a day Bob Bruninga, PE IEEE Transportation Committee http: //aprs. org/payin-to-plugin. html

Charging Load at 120 v: 1 Coffee Pot = Level 1 EV charging Pay $20/mo For 20 mi commute Bob Bruninga, PE IEEE Transportation Committee http: //aprs. org/payin-to-plugin. html

Plug-in at work (double range, quadruple area) Charge at home only = 16 mi range (chevy Volt) Charge L 1 at work/home = 64 mi range

Charge Payment systems costs more than the electricity! Charging for it:

90% of All Driving is local One-Third of our carbon emissions is driving! Local driving is the easiest to convert to renewables! Bob Bruninga, PE IEEE Transportation Committee http: //aprs. org/EV-charging-everywhere. html

Carport solar panels can power an EV every day for LIFE! • • Average 12, 000 mi/yr That’s 32 mi/day Takes 12 k. Wh per day Do that with 2 k. W of solar panels in 6 hrs Takes only 8 solar panels (250 W each) Total cost at $1/watt is $2000 to drive forever! About the size of one parking space!

Finish this Sentence: • There is nothing certain in life except Death and …. Taxes …

Finish this Sentence: • There is nothing certain in life except Death and …. Taxes … and Utilities!

Finish this Sentence: • There is nothing certain in life except Save 30% Death and …. Taxes … Eliminate 100% to Zero! and Utilities! But you can do something about these! Lets talk Solar!

If you have sun, Crazy not to use it! Ideal very economical electrical power (half of utility rate) And 10% or so annual return for rest of your life!

Big Picture! Our Daily Fossil Burning Costs & Wind Solar Power for Electricity Electric Lighting Heating Driving Electric Vehicle Support We include EV’s because about half of our easily-fixed energy is spent driving

Big Picture! When is the Payback ? ? ? When is the Breakeven ? ? ? Paying for at-home Garbage Pickup was from Day ONE !

Big Picture! When is the Payback ? ? ? When is the Breakeven ? ? ? Paying for Sewage Plants – was from Day ONE !

Big Picture! When is the Payback ? ? ? When is the Breakeven ? ? ? Investing in Solar Power - is from Day ONE ! Because that’s when we Stop Beating Mother Nature and stealing from our kids future.

Big Picture! 1 House, 1 Year 4 Tons of Coal Yes, we have 100 years of coal, but there won’t be anything left of WV!

OUR PRESENT LIFESTYLE IS NOT SUSTAINABLE! Are we part of the problem? Or part of the Solution?

Lighting: Save 4 to 1 Energy! (breakeven in 5 days!) Cost 50 cents. $1 Save $50 over the life of the bulb! House with 50 bulbs saves $2500 Only 1 in 4 households do it!

Every 2 years!

We CAN reduce emissions! My family did from 3000 gal/year down to 200 gal/year Help the Environment And save money!

Solar Power is here & Growing Exponentially Graph when I first started talking in 2010 2015 Graph now!

Solar Cost! Equaled Utility in 2010 Half the Utility in 2013 Cheaper than coal in 2015! 2009 2013

Falling Prices 10 -to-1 Panel Array Cost A 3 k. W array 200 W $15, 000 2007 $ 9, 000 2010 220 W $ 6, 000 2012 $ 3, 000 2013 250 W $ 2, 000 2014 $ 1, 900 2015 (300 W) $5/watt down to 50 c/watt* for panels in only 10 years *Contractor cost tho is still about $3/w

I was SO WRONG! $7100 Battery Storage…. (off Grid)

You never want to go Off-Grid*! *unless you have no grid access • The problem is the Batteries! – – – 30% loss of all power in charge/discharge losses 50% loss of all summer solar excess 50% or less power available in winter Maintenance issues for life Replacement isues every 5 years or less • Economical solar power has NOTHING* to do with batteries.

When the Grid Goes Down? Whole House Off Grid System $40, 000 Cost per Kw. H during outages $2400/KWH $250 With Battery 60 cents/KWH OR! Backup = On Grid 15 cents/KWH Is $7, 000 of batteries worth it for $1 of power a year for 4 hour outage?

Going Off Grid ? . . . Crazy! Perfect when you have no access to the Grid. Or Armageddon is near Or you’re a Battery salesman Or you like throwing away $2 out of every $3 you invest

Angles - not important with Grid-Tie Amazing, even due East, you still get 85% effectiveness!

Angles - less important, More Roof is! Amazing! Increase power by 60% to 100% on other side!

Azimuth - less important with Grid-Tie 180 With Battery System, – 17% 150 -3%

Tilt Angle not important with Grid-tie Tilt angle chosen was 25 deg instead of 35 deg to reduce visibiity (<1% loss) Any angle from 20º to 50° is within 1% of annual total

Grid Tie Inverters 2. 8 k. W Inverter En. Phase $250 UL approved Import 500 W GTI UL Approved Solar Grants and rebates $2000 $80 Not UL Approved

Electric Meters Electronic Meter feed Current $ KWH Mechanical Net Meter use $ feed Current $ KWH use $

Emergency Sized Grid Ties 250 W Grid Tie Without the acid and maintenance! Or… Best of Both: Transfer Relay when battery is fully charged. Get full energy value from every watt

10% or more Return on Investment for Life! • Federal gives 30% tax credit. No limit • State of Maryland Grant – In 2010 for our 8 k. W system was $7000 – In 2011 was $5000 – In 2013 was $1000 • AA County Real Estate Tax credit – $2500 • Total Gov’t Tax Credits return ~ 40% of investment! • ENDS IN 2016? . . . Congress?

What to do with $12, 000? and $60/mo elec bill Put in bank @ 1% Pay $700/yr for life for electricity* 10 yrs $5, 000 Equity left $ 900 Earned interest $5, 900 Equity Own nothing Continue $700/yr for life $ 0 after 7 more years Buy 4 k. W solar $12 k equity Get back $3600 immediately on taxes Get back $600/yr in SRECs (5 yrs) Get $700 free electricity/year Get $1000 from MD? County? City? $12, 000 System Value $ 3, 600 Tax refund $ 3, 000 SREC’s $18, 600 Equity You own your own Energy system NO utilities for life! Get $700 free electricity/year till you die

Remember: • There is nothing certain in life except Save 30% Death and …. Taxes … Eliminate 100% to Zero! and Utilities! But you can do something about these! And 10% return for life!

8% - 10%

Big Picture! HVAC Fossil Burning Costs Solar Power for Electricity Electric Lighting Driving Electric Vehicle Support We include EV’s because about half of our easily-fixed energy is spent driving Heating At AFM we currently burn Propane for heat

Heating Costs – Oil, Propane… Actually our biggest Energy cost is our Propane heating. Switching to Heatpump can save 60% of our energy costs!

Switching from Propane to Ground Source Heatpump Our heating costs go down 60% AND being electric, we can replace that with solar - free heating for decades!

It’s a whole new world of Energy! Let’s Move forward with clean Energy Bob Bruninga, WB 4 APR Annapolis, MD 21401 http: //www. aprs. org/AFM-environment. html 410 -293 -6417

Summary WE can do something • If you have sun, solar is best investment ever… • • • Pre-think your next personal energy decision. Water heater dies – get a heatpump one Heating dies – get a heat pump (and solar) Car ages – get an EV for commuting Put charging signs on outdoor outlets Power them for life with Solar! $$$ Its cheaper and cleaner!

Power Distribution 330 VDC Nearly ALL modern switching supplies will run on VDC Double to 230 VAC at source Eliminate 75% of Rectify to 330 VDC for delivery Distribution losses

Power Distribution 330 VDC Nearly ALL modern switching supplies will run on VDC Kenwood 115 VAC only supply Eliminate 75% of Actually has internal jumper Distribution losses

Power Distribution ? Problem: 6 Hr ops from Hill top 3200’ from car

Power Distribution SWER Single Wire Earth Return Not Double to 230 VAC at source Rectify to 330 VDC for delivery approved by NEC

Power Distribution SWER Single Wire Earth Return Not approved by NEC 2 Laptops, 50 W dual band, 2 HT’s and APRS – 6 Hours

Golden Packet Event 26 July 2010 14 Hops Alabama to Maine! 2 Laptops, 50 W dual band, 2 HT’s and APRS – 6 Hours

Golden Packet Event 26 July 2010 14 Hops Alabama to Maine! Visit with Google Earth and Path tool

Power Distribution SWER Emergency Power: Use Single Wire Earth Return 3200’ system fits in laptop bag Not approved by NEC

Power Distribution SWER Emergency Power: Use Single Wire Earth Return Double to 230 VAC at source Rectify to 330 VDC for delivery Not approved by NEC

Power Distribution SWER Emergency Power: Use Single Wire Earth Return 3200’ system fits in laptop bag Not approved by NEC

Power Distribution SWER Emergency Power: Use Single Wire Earth Return Not approved by NEC

Power Distribution SWER Emergency Power: Use Single Wire Earth Return Not approved by NEC

Home Power Generation 50 k. W peak (10 k. W average) Safe, cheap connectors (Modified to prevent incorrect use. ) Greater distances At half the current At twice the power #18 zip cord can carry 1000 watts easily