Electric charge BY AITKUL ASSEMGUL Electric

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Electric charge BY AITKUL ASSEMGUL

Electric charge - a physical quantity characterizing the properties of the particles or bodies to enter into the electromagnetic force interactions. Electric charge is usually denoted by the letters q or Q. For the first time an electric charge was introduced in Coulomb's law in 1785.

The unit of electric charge is the Coulomb (abbreviated C). Ordinary matter is made up of atoms which have positively charged nuclei and negatively charged electrons surrounding them. Charge is quantized as a multiple of the electron or proton charge: There are two kinds of electric charges, conventionally called positive and negative. • The charges can be transferred (e. g. by direct contact) from one body to another. Unlike electrical charge of body weight it is not an essential feature of the body. One and the same body in different conditions may have a different charge.

Interaction of charges: like-charged bodies repel oppositely - attracted to each other Coulomb's law The forces of interaction of fixed charges is directly proportional to the product of the modules of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them: k-proportional coefficiant

The rate of flow of electric charge is called electric current and is measured in Amperes. Where is: I-an electric current or force current, q- an electric charge, t-time [Q]= amperes−second(А · с)= Coulombs(C) Electric charge is a multiple of the elementary. q = Ne. This property is called the charge quantization.

The law of conservation of charge - one of the fundamental laws of physics. The law of conservation of charge was first experimentally confirmed in 1843 by the English scientist Michael Faraday and is considered at the moment one of the fundamental conservation laws in physics (like the law of conservation of momentum and energy). The law of conservation of electric charge - electric charges are not created and did not disappear, but only transferred from one body to another, or redistributed inside the body. q 1 + q 2 + q 3 + … + qn = const.

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