EE 8407 Power Converter Systems Topic 3 Graduate

EE 8407 Power Converter Systems Topic 3 Graduate Course EE 8407 Bin Wu Ph. D, PEng Professor ELCE Department Ryerson University Contact Info Office: ENG 328 Tel: (416) 979 -5000 ext: 6484 Email: bwu@ee. ryerson. ca http: //www. ee. ryerson. ca/~bwu/ Ryerson Campus Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 1

EE 8407 Topic 3 Multi-pulse Diode Rectifiers Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 2

EE 8407 Multi-pulse Diode Rectifiers Topic 3 Lecture Topics • Six-pulse Diode Rectifier (Building Block) • Series-type 12 -, 18 - and 24 -pulse rectifiers • Separate-type 12 -, and 18 -pulse rectifiers Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 3

EE 8407 Multi-pulse Diode Rectifiers Topic 3 Why Use Multipulse Diode Rectifiers? • To reduce line current THD; • To improve input power factor; and • To avoid semiconductor devices in series. Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 4

EE 8407 Six-pulse Diode Rectifier Topic 3 • Resistive Load Supply Voltages: Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 5

EE 8407 Six-pulse Diode Rectifier Topic 3 • Waveforms Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 6

EE 8407 Six-pulse Diode Rectifier Topic 3 • Capacitive Load Assumption: Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 7

EE 8407 Six-pulse Diode Rectifier Topic 3 • Waveforms Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 8

EE 8407 Six-pulse Diode Rectifier Topic 3 • Discontinuous Current Operation Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 9

EE 8407 Six-pulse Diode Rectifier Topic 3 • Discontinuous Current Operation Differential Equation: Solution: Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 10

EE 8407 Six-pulse Diode Rectifier Topic 3 • Discontinuous Current Operation Peak dc current: Average dc current: Voltage – theta relation: Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 11

EE 8407 Six-pulse Diode Rectifier Topic 3 • Continuous Current Operation Note: - With the increase of the load current, the rectifier will enter into continuous current operation. - During commutation interval, three diodes are on. Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 12

EE 8407 Six-pulse Diode Rectifier Topic 3 • Definition of Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) Phase voltage (pure sine): Line current (distorted): RMS line current: Line current THD: Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 13

EE 8407 Six-pulse Diode Rectifier Topic 3 • Definition of Power Factor (PF) Per-phase average (real) power: Per-phase apparent power: Total power factor (PF): Distortion factor (DF) : Displacement power factor (DPF) : PF = f (THD) : Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 14

EE 8407 Six-pulse Diode Rectifier Topic 3 • Per Unit System Rated power, rated lint-to-line voltage: Base voltage and frequency: and Base current and impedance: Base inductance and capacitance: Example Rectifier ratings: 4160 V, 60 Hz, 2 MVA. Base current = 277. 6 A, Base inductance = 22. 9 m. H. Line inductance = 2. 29 m. H = 0. 1 pu Line current = 138. 8 A = 0. 5 pu Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 15

EE 8407 Six-pulse Diode Rectifier Topic 3 • Typical Waveforms / Harmonic Content Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 16

EE 8407 Six-pulse Diode Rectifier Topic 3 • THD and PF Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 17

EE 8407 12 -pulse Series-type Diode Rectifier Topic 3 • Rectifier Topology • Series type: Two six-pulse rectifiers are in series at the output. • Phase shifting transformer: • Secondary line-to-line voltage: • Turns ratio: and Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 18

EE 8407 12 -pulse Series-type Diode Rectifier Topic 3 • Simplified Block Diagram Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 19

EE 8407 12 -pulse Series-type Diode Rectifier Topic 3 • Waveforms and FFT • No 5 th or 7 th harmonics in the line current. • Primary line current THD: 8. 38% Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 20

EE 8407 12 -pulse Series-type Diode Rectifier Topic 3 • THD and PF Comparison with six-pulse rectifier: • THD is reduced; and • PF is improved. Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 21

EE 8407 18 -pulse Series-type Diode Rectifier Topic 3 • Converter Topology Phase-Shifting (Zigzag) Transformer Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 22

EE 8407 18 -pulse Series-type Diode Rectifier Topic 3 • Simulated Waveforms • No 5 th, 7 th, 11 th, or 13 th harmonics in the line current. • Lowest harmonic: 17 th • Line current THD: 3. 06% Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 23

EE 8407 18 -pulse Series-type Diode Rectifier Topic 3 • Measured Waveforms Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 24

EE 8407 18 -pulse Series-type Diode Rectifier Topic 3 • THD and PF Comparison with 12 -pulse: Improved THD Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 25

EE 8407 24 -pulse Series-type Diode Rectifier Topic 3 • Converter Topology Phase-Shifting (Zigzag) Transformer Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 26

EE 8407 24 -pulse Series-type Diode Rectifier Topic 3 • Typical Waveforms • Lowest line current harmonic: 23 th • THD: 1. 49% Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 27

EE 8407 24 -pulse Series-type Diode Rectifier Topic 3 • THD and PF Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 28

EE 8407 Topic 3 12 -pulse Separate-type Diode Rectifier • Rectifier Topology • Separate Type Each six-pulse rectifier feeds a separate dc load. Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 29

EE 8407 Topic 3 12 -pulse Separate-type Diode Rectifier • Application Example Phase Shifting Transformer Multilevel Cascade H-bridge Inverter Fed Drive Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 30

EE 8407 Topic 3 12 -pulse Separate-type Diode Rectifier • Typical Waveforms • Comparison with series-type: - DC current ripple: higher - Line current THD: close Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 31

EE 8407 Topic 3 12 -pulse Separate-type Diode Rectifier • Measured Waveforms Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 32

EE 8407 Topic 3 12 -pulse Separate-type Diode Rectifier • Line Current THD and Input PF Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 33

EE 8407 Topic 3 18 -pulse Separate-type Diode Rectifier • Rectifier Topology Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 34

EE 8407 Topic 3 18 -pulse Separate-type Diode Rectifier • Simulated Waveforms Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 35

EE 8407 Topic 3 18 -pulse Separate-type Diode Rectifier • Line Current THD and Input PF Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 36

EE 8407 Topic 3 24 -pulse Separate-type Diode Rectifier • Line Current THD and Input PF Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 37

EE 8407 Topic 3 Textbook: Bin Wu, ‘High-Power Converters and AC Drives’, Wiley - IEEE Press, 2006 38