EDUCATION IN KAZAKHSTAN Process of Education in

EDUCATION IN KAZAKHSTAN

Process of Education in KZ Kindergarten Primary school Lower secondary school Higher secondary school

KINDERGARTEN The constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan protects the right to access to kindergarten. [5] Children typically start kindergarten at age 5. As of 2004, there were 100 kindergartens in the nation (83 public, 4 directly under the Ministry of Education, and 13 private) and 135 856 children enrolled in kindergartens (or 63% of the 5 - and 6 -year-olds). All kindergartens are expected to teach Kazakh and Russian, and most emphasize one language over the other. One major problem has been the reduction of the number of kindergartens , due to the lack of state funding and virtually non-existence of private sources of money. There also reported declines in the quality of kindergartens including a lack of hot meal or low quality food served and buildings in poor repair. [6]

PRIMARY SCHOOL Primary schools in KAZAKHSTAN typically starts at age 7 (some parents send their children to school, when they turn 6, very rarely - 8) and runs from years 1 – 4. Classes typically run in two sessions, from 8 until 1 and from 2 until 7, with students either going to class in the morning or in the afternoon. All primary schools are state-owned and primary and secondary education are constitutionally protected rights. Primary schools is provided free to all citizens and residents of Kazakhstan and parents typically pay only for extra-curricular activities such as sports programs, music programs, and sometimes lab equipment or other special equipment.

Lower secondary school Students continue in lower secondary school from grade 5 to year 9. This roughly corresponds to what is called in the USA, junior high school, or middle school. Typically a student in year 8 is 14– 15 years old. The curriculum is a general education curriculum covering subjects like literature, student's first language, Russian or Kazakh language (depending on the language of the school in general), history, physics, mathematics, biology, chemistry, foreign language, and so on.

Higher secondary school Once leaving lower secondary school, there are three tracks available. Students are free to choose any track of higher secondary education but are required to pursue one. Graduates of all tracks are eligible to enter university. The first track is a general secondary school which covers grades 10 -11 and provides general education. In addition, there are two curriculum tracks for vocational education: initial vocational education which is provided by training schools and lycees, and secondary vocational education provided by colleges and trade schools.

COLLEGES Colleges give a program that provides both academic general education and advanced vocational education. Colleges, if licensed, can provide initial vocational education. Programs last for three or four years (grades 10– 12, 13). Accelerated programs exist for students who have already completed general secondary education and initial vocational training in the same field. Graduates may go on to university or may begin working. As of the 1999 Budget Law, colleges are state-owned and self-financed. In principle, however, all compulsory education (primary and secondary) is provided free of charge. The curriculum for primary and secondary school is established by the Ministry of Education, with little choice left to the individual schools. Textbooks are sold in bookstores and are purchased by the students themselves. Like primary school, secondary school subsidized by the government. Parents only pay for extracurricular activities such as sports programs, music programs, and sometimes lab equipment or other special equipment.

University The universities, following the Russian system, focus entirely on teaching and do not engage in research. Students who are accepted to university at any level apply under a specific major, and the curriculum is set by the university (according to State legislation) for each major. For example, economics majors will all study in the same courses in the same order, separate from English majors who have a different curriculum. Some courses are required for a variety of majors and there is a possibility of switching majors but typically classes do not transfer to the new major and the student is expected to reenter in the new major as a first year.

There four levels of tertiary Education in Kazakhstan Bachelor's degree — typically a four-year degree Specialist Degree — typically a five-year degree and more intensive than the Bachelor's Master's degree — typically a two-year degree, roughly corresponding to the Western master's. Doctoral Degree — typically a five-year program

Thanks for your attention