Education in Kazakhstan Орындаған ПМНО 205 топ

Education in Kazakhstan Орындаған : ПМНО, 205 топ Бахиева Г. Ш.

The educational system in Kazakhstan is conducted in two languages - Kazakh and Russian and consists of several levels of state and private educational establishments: infant schools, elementary (or primary) schools, comprehensive schools, colleges and academies. The constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan fixes the right of citizens of the republic on free-of-charge secondary education which is obligatory. The constitution prohibits any discrimination on the basis of language or ethnicity and guarantees equal rights in education regardless of nationality. Children start school at the age of 7 and finish at 17.

As a rule a child attends the school, located in the neighborhood. However, in big cities there are so-called special schools, offering more in depth studies of the major European languages (English, French, German) or the advanced courses in physics and mathematics and children, attending one of this may have to commute from home.

The first stage of education in Kazakhstan is elementary (or primary) school for grades one through four. The second is secondary school for middle grades from five through nine. Upon graduation from secondary school students are given the choice of either continuing to attend the same school (high school senior grades 10 -11) or entering a vocational or technical school. Both of these schools are meant to provide one, along with the certificate of secondary education with a number of useful skills (e. g. those of an electrician, technical or computer operators. ) Having completed one's secondary education, one can either become a part of work force or go on college (institution of higher learning-Institute).

- Total - 175 universities - 119 - private - Number of students - more than 768000 - Number of students on 10 000 of population - 512 - Number of university specialities 129 – bachelor 137 - master

To be admitted to the institute one has to pass a series of oral or written tests. Students may get free-of-charge higher education in the higher educational institution and the limited number of the state grants is given each academic year on a competitive basis. Some college departments (law, journalism, foreign languageespecially English) have dozens of applicants for one prospective student's position.

The system of higher education prepares highly - skilled experts on economy, transport, agriculture, medicine, languages and others. Today the young people of Kazakhstan have the opportunity to choose and acquire various types of education and build their lives according to their ambitions. Studying of foreign languages and development of computer skills of pupils is of a special importance. More opportunities appear for the interested persons to be trained abroad on the basis of local and state grants, scholarships

Following independence from the Soviet Union a major economic depression cut "public financing" for education in Kazakhstan, "which dropped from 6% of gross domestic product in 1991 to about 3% in 1994, before rising to 4% in 1999. " Elementary- and secondary-school teachers remain badly underpaid; in 1993 more than 30, 000 teachers (or about one-seventh of the 1990 teaching staff) left education, many of them to seek more lucrative employment. In 1994 Kazakhstan had 8, 575 elementary and secondary schools (grades one through eleven) attended by approximately 3. 2 million students, and 244 specialized secondary schools with about 222, 000 students. In 1992 about 51 percent of eligible children were attending some 8, 500 preschools in Kazakhstan. In 1994 some 272, 100 students were enrolled in the republic's sixty-one institutes of higher learning. Fifty-four percent of the students were Kazakh, and 31 percent were Russian.

Kazakhstan's 1995 constitution provides mandatory, socialized secondary school education. Citizens compete for socialized institutions of higher learning. Private education is increasing in the country, with about 5% of students enrolled in the private schools that remain largely under arbitrary state control. In 2000, the Government of Kazakhstan joined the governments of the Kyrgyz Republic and Tajikistan, and the Aga Khan to establish the world’s first internationally chartered institution of higher education, the University of Central Asia (UCA). The UCA will have three campuses of equal size and stature in each of the founding countries. The Kazakh campus is under construction in Tekeli in the Zhedysu region, 35 minutes east of the regional capital Taldykorgan, and three hours by car from Almaty. The UCA will benefit from the resources of the Aga Khan Development Network to offer an internationally recognized standard of higher education in Central Asia. Currently, the University operates a. School of Professional and Continuing Education (SPCE), with a School of Undergraduate Studies and a Graduate School of Development in the process of being established.

Number of faculties- 7 (Almaty): «Automation and telecommunications» , «Organization of transportation» , «Constructioun» , «Transport engineering» , «Economics» , «Correspondence school» «Distance learning» Branch in Aktau, 32 chairs