East Asian world between 1400 and 1800 Consisted of several powerful kingdoms and dynasties. ► The Chinese Ming and Qing dynasties; ► The reunification of Japan and the Tokugawa shogunate; ► The kingdom of Korea; and the emergence of other kingdoms in Southeast Asia. ►
The Ming Dynasty ► Began an era of greatness in Chinese society v. Created an effective system of government v. Created national schools v. Increasing industry and trade. v. Economic expansion, art and literature reached a high point in China v. Improved the infrastructure v. Architects built the Imperial (Forbidden) City
The Qing Dynasty ► History v non-Chinese dynasty that succeeded in ruling China v In 1644 the Manchus, from Manchuria, defeated the Ming dynasty and established the Qing Dynasty. v Ordered all Chinese males to shave their foreheads and braid their hair into a pigtail called a queue to identify rebels who opposed Manchu rule ► Economy v Chinese economy was chiefly agricultural. A new, faster growing species of rice was cultivated due to a large increase in the population v China initially encouraged foreign trade but eventually tried to limit European access to China, resulting in a decline in the economy. v When the British demanded access to more Chinese cities for trading, the Qing ruler responded by giving them even less access.
Qing Dynasty Family ► Chinese Society was organized around the family unit ► Children raised their own families in the homes of their parents ► Focus on family helped China to survive because family members took care of one another Arts: ► Chinese authors printed novels ► Ming era porcelain style was perfected ► Europeans collected Chinese porcelain because of its great beauty.
Japan ► Reunification v. Took place under three powerful political figures: v. Oda Nobunaga, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, and Tokugawa Ieyasu. v. By restraining foreign trade for many years, the Japanese remained isolated from European invasion v Society became increasingly divided by class v Intermarriage between classes was prohibited v The rights of women were restricted.
Japan ► Tokugawa Era v. Tokugawa completed the restoration of central authority in Japan vallowed trade and industry to flourish. vfostered many new styles of art, including the new Kabuki, a form of entertainment that emphasizes action, music, and dramatic gestures vtheater genre. v. Used the hostage system to control and diminish the power of the daimyo.
The Kingdoms of Korea and Southeast Asia Ø Korea v In the thirteenth century, the Mongols invaded northern Korea, where they governed harshly. v In 1392, Yi Song-Gye established the Yi dynasty, which was loosely styled after the Chinese government. v A series of invasions first by the Japanese and later by the Manchu caused Korean rulers to- limit contact with foreign countries. v Like Japan, Korea enforced isolationist foreign policies, resisting foreign trade in order to protect itself from invasion earning the name: “The Hermit Kingdom. ” v Keeping its own alphabet separate from the Chinese alphabet helped the Yi dynasty maintain- a distinctive Korean identity.
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