Earthly Life ﺍﻟﻤﺬﺍﻫﺐ Schools of Thought Nahjul Balaaghah about Life By A. S. Hashim. MD
Nahjul Balaaghah about Earthly Life Supplication ﺑـﺴـــﻢ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ In the Name of God, Lord of Mercy and Lord of Grace
Nahjul Balaaghah about Earthly Life Nahjul Balaaghah, a highly valued book, consists of: – – – 254 sermons, 48 letters, and 212 sayings of Imam Ali Nahjul Balaaghah is unique to Imam Ali None of the Sahaaba was ever able to produce anything like it: 1. neither in substance 2. nor in literary eloquence. No wonder Ali was referred to as: 1. Sayyid al-Bulaghaa' (Pinnacle of Literary Expression) and 2. Sayyid al-Fu'qahaa, (Pinnacle of the Jurisprudents)
Nahjul Balaaghah about Earthly Life References about Earthly Life Nahjul Balaaghah contains 27 references about Earthly Life, some of which appear here The quotes appear in various sermons, – said at variable occasions and – about different subjects. 1. The Arabic quotes are from the book of Nahjul Balaaghah, by Dr. Subhi Al-Salih, and so is the numbering of the sermons and pages, 1 st Edition, Beirut 1967. 2. The Number of the sermons may differ by a factor of 1 in other volumes of Nahjul Balaaghah 3. The references are quotes by Abd al-Zahra' al-Husayni in vols. I & IV of his work (see Al-Islam. org, internet)
Nahjul Balaaghah about Earthly Life Time Element The majority of Ali's sayings and speeches were stated: – – During his Khilaafah when in Kufa, At Different Places At Different Occasions Often at Khutba of Jumu’ah
Nahjul Balaaghah about Earthly Life In Sermon 83, Page 108 Ali: about Life #1 See next slide please Other sources: 1. Al-Harrani, Tuhaf, 146; 2. al-Quda`i, Dustur, 59, 3. al-'Amidi, Ghurar; 4. al-Wasiti, `Uyun al-hikam; 5. Abu Nu`aym, Hilyah, I, 77; 6. Ibn al-'Athir, al-Nihayah, I, 132 (b. d. d), II, 287 (`a. a. z).
Nahjul Balaaghah about Earthly Life In Sermon 83, Ali: about Life #1 In truth this world presents a muddy source of unpalatable drink. Attractive to the eye but destructive within, it is like a vanishing light, a fleeting reflection, and a frail support. When he begins to like this world after scorning it and feel at ease he who had spurned it, then in joy it displays its pleasures and it entraps him in its trap, It leads him to the rope of death, to the narrow grave and scary abode to show him his place of stay and the consequence of his deeds. So would a generation after generation, neither death stops from cutting them asunder nor do the survivors keep aloof from committing of sins…. ﺍﻟ ﺍ ﺍ، ﺍ، ﻭ ﺍ، آ، ﺯﺍ، ﺍ l ، ﺍ ﻯ ﺍ ﺍﺍ، ﺍ، ﺍ ﺍ ﺍ l ، ﺍ ﻟﻰ ﺍ، ﺍ، ﻭﺍ ﺍـ، ﺍ ﺍ l …… ﺫ ﺍ ﺍﻟ ، ﻻ ﺍ ﺍﺍﻣ، ﻻﻱ ﺍﺍﻭ ﺍﺍﻣ l
Nahjul Balaaghah about Earthly Life In Sermon 99, Page 144 Ali: about Life #2 See next slide please Other sources: 1. Al-Saduq, Ma`ani, 184; 2. al-Saduq, Man la yahduruh, I, 270; 3. al-Tusi, al-'Amali, II, 50; 4. al-Tabarsi, Mishkat, 107.
Nahjul Balaaghah about Earthly Life In Sermon 99, Ali: about Life #2 O' creatures of Allah! keep off this world which soon would leave you even though you dislike its departure. It is a world that makes you old though you like to keep young. Your similitude to it is like a traveler who has gone a distance, thus fulfilled his journey, or aimed to reach a goal which he finally had reached. How short is the distance to the goal if one heads towards it and reaches it. And how transient it is for one who has only a day to reach it but cannot exceed. It is a swift driver that drives him in this world till he departs from it. So do not hanker after worldly pride and awards, and do not be enamored by its attractions and beauties, nor wail over its damages and misfortunate … ﻭﻳ ﺑﺎﺍﻟﻠ ﺍﻟ ﻫﺬ ﺍﻟ ﺍ ﻭﺍ ﺍ، ﺍ l ﻻ ﺍ ﻭ ﻳﺍ، ﺍ ﺍ ﺭ ﻭﺍ ﻳﻼ ﻭ، ﻭﺍ ، ﻣ ﻭ ﻯ ﺍـﻱ ﻯ ﺍﺍ ﺍ ﻯ ﺍ! ﺍ ﻯ ﻭ ﺍ l ! ﻻ ﻭ، ﺍ ﻳ ﻭ ﻱ ﺍﻟ ﺍ ﻯ ﺍﺍ ﻻ ﺍﻭﺍ ﻱ ﺍﻟ ﺍ ﺍ، ﻻ ﻭﺍ ﻳﺍ ﻳﺍ، ﻻ ﻭﺍ l …، ﺍﺍ ﺍ
Nahjul Balaaghah about Earthly Life In Sermon 103, Page 148 Ali: See next slide please Other sources: 1. Al-Kulayni, Rawdah, 139; 2. al-Harrani, Tuhaf, 143; 3. al-Kulayni, Usul al-Kafi, II, 225; 4. Ibn Qutaybah, `Uyun, II, 352; 5. al-Zamakhshari, Rabi`, I, 219; 6. Ibn Talhah, Matalib, I, 202; 7. al-Qadi al-Quda`i, Dustur, 48; 8. al-Khuza`i, al-Fitan, see (9) 9. Ibn Tawus, al-Malahim, 27; 10. Ibn al-'Athir, al-Nihayah, V, 131. about Life #3
Nahjul Balaaghah about Earthly Life In Sermon 103, Ali: about Life #3 O' people! Look at the world as like those who renounce it, who turn away from it. By Allah, the world demolishes its serene inhabitant and causes grief to the confidant affluent. What goes away from it will not return and what is likely to come about cannot be anticipated or foreseen. The world’s joy is muddled with grief. Herein men's hardiness inclines to weakness and impotence. Be not enticed by what is tempting, for little of that share would rest with you. May Allah bless him who ponders and takes lesson, since he would achieve enlightenment. What is present in this world would shortly vanish, while what is to exist for the next world would be permanent. ; ] ﺍ ﺍﻟ ﺍ،[ ﺍﻭﺍ ﻟﻰ ﺍﻟ ﺍﻳ ﻳﺍ، ﺍﻟ ﺍﻳ ﺍ l ﺍ ﺍﻟﻠ ﺍ ﻳﻞ ﻳ ﺍﻟ ﺍ، ﺍ ﺍﻻ، ﻻ ﺍ ﻯ ﺍ . ، ﻻ ﻯ ﺍ آﺖ ﺍ ﻭﺍ ﻭ ﺍ، ﺍﻟ ﺍ ﻳﺍ ﻯ ﺍﻟ ﺍ، ﻻ ﺍ ﻳﺍ l. ﺍ ﺍ ﺍﻟﻠ ﺍ ﺍ، ﻭﺍ ، ﺍ ﺍ ﺍﻟ ﺍ ﻳﻞ ، ﺍ l ، ﺍ ﺍﻻ ﺍ ﻳﻞ
Nahjul Balaaghah about Earthly Life In Sermon 103, Page 149 Ali: See next slide please Other sources: 1. Al-Kulayni, Rawdah, 139; 2. al-Harrani, Tuhaf, 143; 3. al-Kulayni, Usul al-Kafi, II, 225; 4. Ibn Qutaybah, `Uyun, II, 352; 5. al-Zamakhshari, Rabi`, I, 219; 6. Ibn Talhah, Matalib, I, 202; 7. al-Qadi al-Quda`i, Dustur, 48; 8. al-Khuza`i, al-Fitan, see (9) 9. Ibn Tawus, al-Malahim, 27; 10. Ibn al-'Athir, al-Nihayah, V, 131. about Life #4
Nahjul Balaaghah about Earthly Life In Sermon 103, Ali: about Life #4 A learned man is he who knows his worth. Suffice it for a man to remain ignorant if he knows not his worth. Certainly, the most detested man with Allah is he whom Allah has left him for himself. Such a man veers from the right path, moves but without a guide. When such a man is called to the cultivation of this world he is ready and active, but when called to cultivate for the next world he is tardy. As though what he is ready for is obligatory upon him, but whatever he is tardy in was not required of him. ; ﺍﺍ ، ﻯ ﺍﺭ ﻻ ﻻ l ﺍﻟ ﺍ ﻯ ﺍﻟﻠ ﻯ ، ﺍ ﺍﻟ ﻳ، ﺍ l ، ﻳﻞ ! ﻯ ﺍﻟ ﺍ ، ﺃ ﻯ ﺍﻻ l ! ﺍ ﺍ، ﺍﻯﻳﻗ l
Nahjul Balaaghah about Earthly Life In Sermon 111, Page 164 Ali: about Life #5 See next slide please Other sources: 1. Al-Marzbani, al-Muniq, see Ibn Abi al-Hadid, II, 242; 2. al-Harrani, Tuhaf, 127; 3. al-Qadi al-Quda`i, Dustur, 51; 4. Ibn Talhah, Matalib, 144; 5. Ibn al-'Athir, al-Nihayah, I, 18, 25, 308; 6. al-Jahiz, al-Bayan, II, 112; 7. Ibn Qutaybah, `Uyun, II, 250.
Nahjul Balaaghah about Earthly Life In Sermon 111, Ali: about Life #5 Beware of this world, for it is sweet, luring, and lustful, and enticing for its immediate enjoyments: ─Wondrous with its small things, adorned with false hopes, and embellished with deceits. Rejoicing in it does not last, nor from its afflictions you can be safe. This world is deceitful, harmful, forestals, perishable, exhaustible, liable to destruction, eating away and destructive. When it reaches the height of desires of those who love it and are joyous with it, the position is just what Allah Glorified, says: (Like the water which send We down from heaven, and the herbage of the earth mingles with it, then it becomes dry stubble which the winds scatter; for Allah over all things hath power). ﺍ ﻱ ﺍﻟ ﺍ، ﺍ ، ﺍﻟ ﺍ، ﺍ l ، ﺍﻳ، ﺍﻻﺍ، ﺍﻭ ، ﻻ ﻭ ﺍ، ﻻ ﺍ، ﺍ ﺍ l ﻻ ﻭـ ﺍ ﺍ ﻯ ﺍﻟ ﻳﺍ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺿﻰ ﺍ ـ ﻭ : ﺍ ﺍ ﺍﻟﻠ ﺍ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ )ﺍﺀ ﺍ ﺍﻟ ﻣ ﺍ ﺍ ﺍﻻ ﻳﻤ ﻭ ﺍﻟ ﺍ ﺍ ﺍﻟﻠ l. ( ﻯ ﺀ ﺭ
Nahjul Balaaghah about Earthly Life In Sermon 133, Page 191 Ali: about Life #6 See next slide please Other sources: 1. Al-'Amidi, Ghurar, 77; 2. See Ibn Abi al-Hadid, Sharh, II, 386.
Nahjul Balaaghah about Earthly Life In Sermon 133, Ali: about Life #6 This world is the final sight of the blinded who sees nothing beyond it. But the insightful mind pierces through and realizes that the real life is beyond this world. This person therefore wants to collect provision from it for the next world then exit, while the blinded one wants to get into this world to collect provision for it. A part of the same sermon ─cautioning Know that man gets full of any matter or weary of it except life, for he does not find pleasure in death. This is in the wisdom of the bosom of a dead heart, the sight for the blinded eye, the hearing of the deaf ear, the quenching for the thirsty, and this suffices for true contentment and safety. ، ﺍ ﺍﻟ ﺍ ﻯ ﺍﻻ ﻯ، ﻻ ﺍ ﺍﺍ ﻳﺌ، ﺍﻳ ﺍ l ، ﺍﻟ ﺍ ﺍﺍ . ﺍﻟﻳ ﺍ ﺍ، ﺍﻻ ﻯ ﺍ ﺍ، ﺍﻳ ﺍ ، ﺍﻻ ﻯ ﺍ [ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ: ]ﻓﻲ ﻋﻈﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ l ﺍﻭﺍ ﺀ ﻻ ﺍ ﺍ ، ﻻ ﺍﺍ ﻻ ﻱ ، ﺍ ﺍ، ﺍ ﺫ ﺍ ﺍﺗﻲ ﺍ ﺍ ، ﺍﺍ، ﻻ ﺍﻟ ـﺎ . ﻟ آ، ﻳﺍ ﺍﻯ ﺍﻟ ﻻ
Nahjul Balaaghah about Earthly Life In Sermon 145, Page 202 Ali: about Life #7 See next slide please Other sources: 1. Al-Harrani, Tuhaf, 73; 2. al-Mufid, al-'Irshad, 139 as well as al-'Amali; 3. al-Tusi, al-'Amali, I, 220; 4. al-Qali, al-'Amali, II, 67.
Nahjul Balaaghah about Earthly Life In Sermon 145, Ali: about Life #7 O' people, you are the target for the arrows of death in this world: with each drinking you may choke and with every bite you may also choke. You may get an abundance but also by foregoing another abundance: And none advances in age by a single day without taking away one day from his life. Nothing more is added to your eating unless it reduces what was before. No matter appears for him unless a matter disappearing. No new thing comes into being unless the new becomes old. No new crop comes up unless a crop has been reaped before. Roots are a gone bye whose off-shoots we are. How can an off-shoot live after the departure of its root! ، ﺍ ﺍﻟ ﺍ، ﺍ ﻱ ﻫ ﺍﻟ ﺍ ﻳ ﺍﺍﺍ، ﺓ l ! ﻓﻲ ﺓ ﻣ ﻻ ﻻ ﺍﻭ ﺍ ﻻ ﺍ ﻯ، ﻻ l آ ،ﻻ ﺍﻱ ﻻ ﺍﺍﺍ ،ﻻﺍ ﻻ ﻳ، ﻻ ﻭ ﺍ ﻻ ﺍ ،ﻻ ﻳﻻ ، ﻭ ! ﻭ ﻭﺍ، ﺍ ﺍ ﻉ ﺍ l
Nahjul Balaaghah about Earthly Life In Sermon 173, Page 148 Ali: about Life #8 See next slide please Other sources: 1. Al-Harrani, Tuhaf, 130; 2. Abu Ja`far al-'Iskafi, Naqd al-`Uthmaniyyah, see Ibn Abi al- Hadid, II, 171 -173.
Nahjul Balaaghah about Earthly Life In Sermon 173, Ali: about Life #8 Know that this world which you covet and in which you are interested, which may enrages you or please you: ─It is not your permanent abode, nor the place for which you have been created, neither the one to which you have been invited. Know that neither will it last for you nor will you live in it for good. If the pleasure of this world entices you, I warn you its evils. Give up its enticement in favor of its warning, and seduction in favor of its affront. Advance to the house to which you have been called, and turn your hearts away from the world. Cry not like a maid over what she was deprived of. Seek the perfection of Allah's bounty over you by endurance, and obey Allah in guarding what He has asked you to guard, namely His Book ﻻ ﻫ ﺍﻟ ﺍ ﺍﻱ ﺍ ﻭ ﻳﺍ، ﻳ، ﺍ، ﻻ ﺍﻱ l ، ﻻ ﺍﻱ ﻳ ﻻ ﺍ ﺍﺓ ﻻ ﺍ، ﺍ ﺍ، ﻭﺍ ﻭﺍ ﻳﺍ، ﺍﺍ l ، ﻳﺍ، ﺍﻭﺍ ﻳﺍ ﻯ ﺍﻟ ﺍ ﺍﺗﻲ ﺩﻳ ﺍ، ﺍﻭﺍ ﻭ ﺍ ﻻ ﻳ ﺍﻻ ﻯ ﺍ ﺍ، ﺍ ﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﻠ ﺍﻟ ﻯ ﺍ l. ﺍﻟﻠ ﺍـﺍ ﻯ ﺍ ﺍ ﺍ
Nahjul Balaaghah about Earthly Life In Sermon 186, Page 276 Ali: about Life #9 See next slide please Other sources: 1. -Kulayni, al-Kafi, I, 138; 2. al-Saduq, al-Tawhid, 96, 320, 324; 3. al-Saduq, al-'Amali, 205; 4. al-Mufid, al-'Irshad, 131; 5. al-Mufid, al-'Ikhtisas, 236; 6. Sibt ibn al-Jawzi, Tadhkirah, 157; 7. al-Tabarsi, al-'Ihtijaj, I, 299; 8. al-Murtada, al-'Amali, I, 103.
Nahjul Balaaghah about Earthly Life In Sermon 186, Ali: about Life #9 Then after its creation Allah will undo it, not because of being weary of it nor having difficulty in its upkeep, nor for a pleasure in that, nor for a weighty thing over Him. The length of its life does not wear Him out as to induce Him to its quick demise: ─But Allah, has maintained the world with His kindness, kept it intact with His command perfected it with His power. Then after being undone, Allah will create back, not for any need towards it, nor to seek assistance of any against it, nor exchange loneliness for company, nor to exchange ignorance and blindness for knowledge and search, nor from paucity and need towards wealth and plenty, nor from disgrace and lowliness towards honor and prestige. ، ﻳﺍ ﻳﺍ، ﻻ ﻡ ﻱ ﻳﺍ ﻳﺍ، ﻻ ﺍﺓ ﺍﺓ l. ﻻ ﺀﺍ . ﻻ ﻭ ﺍﺍ ﻯ ﺍﺍ، ﻟ ﺍ ﺍ ، ﺃﻤﺍ ، ﺍ ﻳﺍ ﺍﺍ ﺍﺓ ﺍ، ﻻ ﺍﺍﺓ ﺀ ﺍ ﺍ، ﻻ ﻻﻧﺍﻑ l ﺍﻝ ﺓ ﺇﻯ ﺍ ﺍﺍﺱ، ﻻ ﺍ ﻝ ﻣ ﻯ ]ﺍ [ﻡ . ﺍﺗﺍﺱ، ﻻ ﺭ ﺍﺓ ﻯ ﻧ ﺓ، ﻻ ﺓ ﻯ ﺓ
Nahjul Balaaghah about Earthly Life In Sermon 190, Page 281 Ali: about Life #10 See next slide please Other sources: 1. Ibn Nubatah (d. 374/984) narrated this khutbah, see Ibn Abi al-Hadid, Sharh, III, 220; 2. al-'Amidi, Ghurar, 20, 108.
Nahjul Balaaghah about Earthly Life In Sermon 190, Ali: about Life #10 Fear Allah, O' servants of Allah, because the world is behaving with you by certain ways, and you and the Day of Judgment are close by, ─as though it has come with its signs, approached with its pleas and made you stand in its way; and as though it has come forward with all its quaking and has settled down on the ground while the world has parted from its people and has turned them out of its lap. It was like a day that has passed or a month that has gone by. Its new has become old and its obese have become thin. They are in a tight place, in very complicated affairs and in a fire whose pain is sharp, cries are loud, flames are rising, sound is trembling, burning is severe, …. ﺍﻟﻠ ﺍ ﺍﻟﻠ! ﺍ ﺍ ﺍ ﺑ ﻯ ﻥ، ﺍﻟ ﺍ ﻱ l ، ﻥ، ﺍ ﺩ ﺍ ﺍﺍ، ﻯ ﺭﺍﺍ ، ﺃ ﺍ ﻻﺍ، ﺍ ﺍﻟ ﺍ ﺍ، ﺍ l ﺍ ﻡ ﻯ ﺭ ﺍﻯ، ﺍ ﻳﺍ ، ﻱ ﻑ l ، ﺍﺍ، ﻭﺭ ﺓ ﺍﻡ، ﻭﺍﺭ ﻳﺪ ﺍ، ﺍﻝ ﺍ، ﺍﻃﻊ ﺍ . … ، ﻅ ﻳﺍ
Nahjul Balaaghah about Earthly Life In Sermon 203, Page 320 Ali: about Life #11 See next slide please Other sources: 1. Al-Saduq, al-'Amali, 132; 2. al-Saduq, `Uyun akhbar al-Rida, I, 298; 3. al-Mufid, al-'Irshad, 139; 4. al-Tabarsi, Mishkat, 243; 5. Ibn Qutaybah, `Uyun, II, 253; 6. al-Mubarrad, al-Kamil; 7. Ibn `Abd Rabbih, al-`Iqd, II, 200; 8. Warram, Majmu`ah, 66; 9. al-Qali, al-'Amali, I, 258; 10. al-Bayhaqi, al-Mahasin, II, 31; see `Arshi.
Nahjul Balaaghah about Earthly Life In Sermon 203, Ali: about Life #11 O' people, this world is a passage while the next world is the permanent abode. So, utilize the passage to keep achieving for the permanent abode. Do not tear away your curtains before Allah Who is aware of your secrets. Shun from this world your hearts before your bodies go out of it, because in this world you are to be tested, and for the other world you have been created. When a man dies people ask what property he has left while the angels ask what good actions he has forwardly sent. May Allah bless you; ─Send forward something, it will be a loan for you, and do not leave everything behind, for that would be a burden on you. ﺍ ﺍﻟ ﺍ، ﺍ ﺍﻟ ﺍ ﺩﺍ ﺍﺯ، ﺍﻻ ﺍ l ، ﺍﺭ، ﻭﺍ ، ﻻ ﻭﺍ ﺍ ﺍﻡ . ﻭﺍ ﺍﻟ ﺍ ﻭ ﺍ ﺍ، ﻳﺍ ﺍ، ﻭﺍ l ﺍ ﺍﻟ ﺍ: ﺍ ؟ ﺍ ﺍﻻ: ﺍ ؟ l. ﻟﻠﻪ آﺍ! ﻭﺍ ﺿ، ﻻ ﻭﺍ ﻻ ﻭ
Nahjul Balaaghah about Earthly Life In answering someone about Life, Ali said: Life #12 This world is a house of truth for those who look into it well, an abode of peace for those who understand its ways, and it is the best working ground for those who want to utilize it for the life in the Hereafter. It is a place of acquiring knowledge and wisdom for those who want to acquire them, It is a Masjid of worship by the friends of Allah and His Angels, a place where Prophets received revelations, a place for virtuous people to do good deeds and to be assigned with rewards for the same. Only in this world they can trade with Allah's Favors and Blessings and only while living here they can barter their good deeds with His Rewards and Blessings. Where else can all this be done? ، ﺍﻟ ﺍ ﺍ ﻕ ﺍ، ﺍ ﺍﺓ ﺍ l ، ﺍ ﻧ ﺍ، ﺍ ﺓ ﺍ ﺍ ، ﺍ ﺍﻟﻠ، ﻯ ﻻ ﺍﻟﻠ، ﺍﻟﻠ l. ﺍ ﺍﻟﻠ، ﺍﻭﺍ ﻳﺍﺍﻟ ، ﻭﺍ ﻳﺍ ﺍ
Nahjul Balaaghah about Earthly Life Be in Allah’s Care Thank you and May God Bless you. Dr. A. S. Hashim
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