Early Urban Planning: 1870 - 1940 Richard Le. Gates Urban Studies Program, SFSU
Books in the Series • • Ebenezer Howard, Garden Cities of Tomorrow Charles Mulford Robinson, Modern Civic Art Patrick Geddes, Cities in Evolution Nelson P. Lewis, Planning the Modern City John Nolen, New Towns for Old Clarence Perry, The Neighborhood Unit Patrick Abercrombie, Town and Country Planning Thomas Addams Outline of Town and City Planning
Other Selections • Frederick Law Olmsted, Public Parks and the Enlargement of Towns • Alberto Soria y Mata, The Linear City • A. D. Sanderson Furniss & Marion Phillips, The Working Woman’s House • Catherine Bauer, Modern Housing • Rexford Tugwell, The Fourth Power • ……And 10 other selections
Major Themes in Early Planning Thought • • The Municipal Health Movement The Parks Movement The Linear City The City Beautiful Movement The Garden City Movement Early Regional Planning Women and Housing Policy Depression and Wartime National Planning
The Municipal Health Movement • Sanitary Conditions of mid-19 th Century Cities – Air and Water Pollution – Cemetaries – Tenement Living • Richardson’s Hygeia – – M. D. as City Planner End of tenements and cellars Control of smoke Water quality
Benjamin Clark Marsh and the Split between Planning, Housing, and Social Services • Benjamin Clark Marsh • The “Congestion Movement” • The 1 st National Conference on Planning & Congestion (1909) • The Split between planners, housers, and settlement house workers
Frederic Law Olmsted And The Parks Movement • Frederick Law Olmsted • Olmsted’s Vision – Mixed use – Dampening class conflict – Family & religious values • Central Park (New York) • Olmsted’s impact
The Linear City Movement
Fundamental Features of the “Ciudad Lineal” • The Impact of Technology on Urban Form • Soria y Mata’s Vision • Actual Linear Cities
Daniel Burnham and The City Beautiful Movement • Daniel Burnham • The 1893 Chicago Exposition • The S. F. Plan (1905) • The Chicago Plan (1909) • Burnham the Propogandist
Ebenezer Howard and the Garden City Movement
The Garden Cities Movement • Ebenezer Howard • The Three Magnets • The Garden Cities Vision – Regionalism – Physical Form – Economics • The Garden Cities Vision: Economics • Letchworth
The Garden City Physical Form
Garden Cities in Europe & America • Raymond Unwin: Implementer & Corruptor of The Garden City Movement • Radburn, New Jersey • The U. S. Greenbelt Cities Program • The Garden City Movement Worldwide
Women and Housing In Europe • The Impact of WW I on British Housing & Housing Policy • A. D. Sanderson Furniss and Marion Phillips Housing Program for Working Women • “Modern Housing” in Europe • Catherine Bauer visits Europe. . .
Catherine Bauer and the Origins of American Housing Policy • Catherine Bauer • Modern Housing Come to America • Bauer’s Impact • A revisionist view of Catherine Bauer
Patrick Geddes, Regional Planning and Design with Nature • Patrick Geddes • Geddes ideas on Regional Planning • The Origins of Sustainable Urban Development • Louis Mumford and Geddes
Rexford Tugwell and “The Fourth Power” In National Planning • “Red Rex” Tugwell and the New Deal • The “Fourth Power” debate • The failure of National Planning in America
Wartime and Post-War British Planning: Abercrombie • Patrick Abercrombie • The Barlow Commission and WW II • The Plan for Greater London and Britain’s New Towns Program
Old Wine in New Bottles? • From Municipal Health to Environmental Justice • From the Linear City Transit Oriented Development • The Enduring City Beautiful • Garden Cities for Today • Geddes & Mumford: Design with Nature and the New Regionalism • Post-Modern Housing and the New Urbanism • Devolution and The Non-existent Fourth Power
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