bf2a942aa60186930e0d0db292d05100.ppt
- Количество слайдов: 47
E-COMMERCE SYSTEMS IN THE ENTERPRISE 2. © 2002 by Prentice Hall
Overview of Electronic Commerce • Internet continues to change every aspects of our life, and changes the way consumers make their purchase decisions. It is essential for organizations to understand ecommerce from a broad perspective, to learn the basics of underlying technology, to assess the impact of the technology on business processes, to foresee how the Internet may shape the course of the future in our everyday life and business word, and to fully enjoy the benefits of electronic ecommerce in their business practices. 2. 2 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
What is Consumer E-commerce? • It is the online selling and buying of products and services: companies publish their catalogs online, and consumers order from the catalogs, make payments, and track the status of their orders online. In the typical scenario a customer uses a Web browser to access a Web-based virtual store through the Internet. 2. 3 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
LEARNING OBJECTIVES • ANALYZE ROLES OF 6 TYPES OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS • DESCRIBE TYPES OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS • ANALYZE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN BUSINESS PROCESSES * 2. 4 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
LEARNING OBJECTIVES • EXPLAIN HOW SYSTEMS & NETWORKS CREATE NEW EFFICIENCIES • EVALUATE BENEFITS & LIMITATIONS OF SYSTEMS & NETWORKS * 2. 5 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
Dematerialization Process • Dematerialization is the process by which physical certificates of an investor are converted to an equivalent number of securities in electronic form and credited in the investor's account with its DP. 2. 6 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
Dematerialization Process • Dematerialization Process an investor will have to first open an account with a DP and then request for the dematerialization of certificates by filling up a dematerialization request form [DRF], which is available with the DP and submitting the same along with the physical certificates. 2. 7 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
Dematerialization Process • The investor has to ensure that before the certificates are handed over to the DP for demat (Electronic Securities Account) they are defaced by marking "Surrendered for Dematerialization" on the face of the certificates. 2. 8 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
Dematerialization Process Architecture 2. 9 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES • KEY SYSTEM APPLICATIONS • FUNCTIONAL PERSPECTIVE OF SYSTEMS • INTEGRATING FUNCTIONS & PROCESSES 2. 10 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES 1. INTEGRATION: Different systems serve variety of functions, connecting organizational levels difficult, costly 2. ENLARGING SCOPE OF MANAGEMENT THINKING: Huge system investments, long development time must be guided by common objectives * 2. 11 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
E-COMMERCE TYPES OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS KIND OF SYSTEM GROUPS SERVED STRATEGIC LEVEL SENIOR MANAGERS MANAGEMENT LEVEL MIDDLE MANAGERS KNOWLEDGE LEVEL KNOWLEDGE & DATA WORKERS OPERATIONAL OPERATIONAL LEVEL MANAGERS SALES & MANUFACTURING FINANCE ACCOUNTING HUMAN MARKETING RESOURCES 2. © 2002 by Prentice Hall
TPS DATA FOR E-COMMERCE APPLICATIONS TPS Order Processing System ORDER FILE Materials Resource Planning System PRODUCTION MASTER FILE General Ledger System ACCOUNTING FILES 2. 13 E-COMMERCE SALES DATA UNIT PRODUCT COST MIS REPORTS PRODUCT CHANGE DATA EXPENSE DATA MANAGERS MIS FILES © 2002 by Prentice Hall
INTERRELATIONSHIPS AMONG SYSTEMS AFTER ECOMMERCE IMPLEMENTATION ESS MIS KWS OAS 2. 14 DSS TPS © 2002 by Prentice Hall
SUPPLY-CHAIN MANAGEMENT (SCM) IN E-COMMERCE CUSTOMERS ORDER PROCESSING PLANNING & FORECASTING SUPPLIERS PROCUREMENT ACCOUNTING INTRANET PRODUCTION LOGISTICS SERVICES 2. 15 SHIPPING INVENTORY DISTRIBUTORS © 2002 by Prentice Hall
HOW INFORMATION SYSTEMS FACILITATES SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT DECIDE WHEN, WHAT TO PRODUCE, STORE, MOVE… RAPIDLY COMMUNICATE ORDERS… TRACK ORDER STATUS… CHECK INVENTORY AVAILABILITY, MONITOR LEVELS… TRACK SHIPMENTS… PLAN PRODUCTION BASED ON ACTUAL DEMAND… RAPIDLY COMMUNICATE PRODUCT DESIGN CHANGES… PROVIDE PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS… SHARE INFORMATION ABOUT DEFECT RATES, RETURNS. . . 2. 16 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
TRADITIONAL VIEW OF SYSTEMS OR OLD YSTEM IN BUSINESS PROCESS • WITHIN THE BUSINESS: There are functions, each having its uses of information systems • OUTSIDE THE ORGANIZATION’S BOUNDARIES: There are customers and vendors FUNCTIONS TEND TO WORK IN ISOLATION * 2. 17 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
ENTERPRISE SYSTEM Manufacturing Accounting Business Processes Vendors Human Resources 2. 18 Customers Enterprise-wide Business Processes Sales & Marketing Finance © 2002 by Prentice Hall
BENEFITS OF E-COMMERCE SYSTEMS • FIRM STRUCTURE & ORGANIZATION: One organization • MANAGEMENT: Firmwide knowledgebased management processes • TECHNOLOGY: Unified platform • BUSINESS: More efficient operations & customer-driven business processes * 2. 19 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
CHALLENGES OF E-COMMERCESYSTEMS • DAUNTING IMPLEMENTATION • HIGH UP FRONT COSTS & FUTURE BENEFITS • INFLEXIBILITY • HARD TO REALIZE STRATEGIC VALUE * 2. 20 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
CASE STUDY OF MAHAMAZA ECOMM LIMITED • Quality - MAHAMAZA markets many of its own products following the stringent quality control procedures. MAHAMAZA guarantees the quality of all its products in the MZ range and deals with the best in the consumer durable and non durable category. • Exploding Market – India is considered to be the biggest middle class consumer market in the world who are looking for products that make them look and feel better. MAHAMAZA is poised to help you meet this demand by offering quality products in various product categories. 2. 21 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
CASE STUDY OF MAHAMAZA ECOMM LIMITED • Testing Times - MAHAMAZA began operations in May 2000. We have passed the pioneering stage where many new companies fail and have entered the momentum stage where fortunes are created. • Fair and Lucrative Compensation - MAHAMAZA 's compensation plan allows all people an opportunity to succeed. • Your Success is Our Success - MAHAMAZA offers a wide range of Distributor support services which make building your MAHAMAZA business much easier. 2. 22 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
Benefits of your Having Business • Be Your Own Boss - You set your hours and dress code. Work where you want, when you want, part-time or full-time. • Low Financial Risk. • No recurring Expenses - No fees, minimal overhead, no need to rent an office or buy expensive equipment. • Work at Home - Spend more time with your family. Avoid commuting and rush hour traffic. Live where you want to live…your business moves with you. 2. 23 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
Benefits of your Having Business • Immediate Income - Earnings can come your first month with a realistic opportunity to earn an above-average income every month. • Lifetime Income - You can build a successful income-generating business that can last a lifetime. • No Employees - No employee-related hassle or paperwork. 2. 24 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
Benefits of your Having Business • Available for Everyone - No previous experience necessary. Training is provided, allowing you to earn as you learn…regardless of age, sex or education. • You are paid what you're worth. You decide how much you earn. • Live as You Please - Freedom at last. Live like the rich and famous without the responsibilities and burdens. Travel and spend time with your family. You control your time and lifestyle. 2. 25 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
Mission & Vision • Mission : to provide, the People in remotest parts of our Country the benefits of E-Commerce and Direct Selling and a opportunity which can help them in growing themselves into Successful Entrepreneurs. 2. 26 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
Mission & Vision • Vision: to be the Most preferred and admired E-Commerce company in India. • To achieve these, we at Mahamaza have a system based on Indian Values. • Entrepreneurship & Trust • Innovation in Technology • Togetherness 2. 27 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
Ecommerce Transaction customer Require login and password • Enter your User ID and password to sign in • User ID: • Password: • Require for Online Business Process 2. 28 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
Classification of E-Commerce Firms • • • 2. 29 Classification by seller/buyer Classification by product or activity Classification by sources of revenues © 2002 by Prentice Hall
Classification by seller/buyer • Business to Consumer (B to C) – Southwest Airlines generates over 15% of its revenues from its online site. http: //www. southwestairlines. com/ • Business to Business (B to B) – Automobile manufacturers organizing an exchange to buy components from suppliers. http: //www. generalmotors. com/cgibin/pr_display. pl? 1202 • Consumers to Consumers (C to C) – Auctions sites like E-Bay. http: //www. ebay. com/ • Consumers to Business (C to B) – Selling information to businesses like gorefer. – 2. 30 http: //www. gorefer. com/ http: //www. mercata. com/ © 2002 by Prentice Hall
Classification by product or activity 2. 31 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
Advantages of Classifications • Classifications by seller/buyer emphasize the markets in which the firm operates. • Classifications by product/activity emphasize the nature of the business. • Classifications according to revenue sources focus on the underlying business model. • An E-Commerce company is likely to be in more than one category. • The analysis of categories helps in 2. 32 profiling the business (segments). Prentice Hall © 2002 by
Brokerage • Bringing buyers and sellers together – Buy/sell fulfillment • Online stock trading – Market exchange • B 2 B (metals exchange) – Virtual mall • Internet fashion mall – Auction broker • E-Bay – Search agent • My Simon, Dealtime 2. 33 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
Advertising • Free content or services to users. Content (service) providers get advertising revenues. • Model in existence for radio and TV. • Need very high volume or very specialized audience. 2. 34 – Generalized portals. – Personalized and specialized portals. – Attention/incentive marketing. – Free products or services. – Bargain discounters. © 2002 by Prentice Hall
Infomediary • Collecting and selling data about consumers, interests and buying habits. • Sharing information among consumers – Book reviews on Amazon • Registration – Collecting information on users in exchange for access to content (newspapers, free phone services). 2. 35 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
Manufacturer • Manufacturer bypasses the wholesaler to reach final customer. – Dell • Personalization – Flowerbud • Faster delivery • May cause distribution channel conflicts – Airlines and travel agents 2. 36 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
e-Commerce applications categories: 2. 37 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
Types • 1. Business-to-Consumer e-Commerce (B 2 C) 2. Consumer/Citizen-to-Government e. Commerce (C 2 G) 3 Business-to-Government e-Commerce (B 2 G) 4. Business-to-Business e-Commerce (B 2 B) 2. 38 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
Business-to-Consumer (B 2 C) • B 2 C applications are directed towards the average consumer. This type of e. Commerce applications has grown during the last few years especially after the widespread use of the Internet and the improvement of the services offered over the Internet is suitable for this kind of e-Commerce as it is widely available and can support effective promotion of products and services to all kinds of potential customers 2. 39 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
Consumer/Citizen-to-Government (C 2 G) • C 2 G applications usually include tax payment, issuance of certificates or other documents, etc. Although we cannot strictly define consumer or citizen to government as e-Commerce we can see several C 2 G applications under the scope of transactions that are done and handled more efficiently and effectively with e. Commerce systems and technologies. 2. 40 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
Business-to-Government (B 2 G) • B 2 G applications include Taxation, Procurements, Custom control for imports/exports, etc. Like in the case of Consumer to Government, the case of Business to Government doesn't seem to be directly related to what people consider as e-Commerce. But governments are involved in almost any kind of business transaction throughout the commercial cycle and for this reason several applications have been developed to improve B 2 G transactions. 2. 41 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
Business-to-Business (B 2 B) • B 2 B applications aim at improving and simplifying the various business processes within a company and increasing efficiency of transactions among companies that have business relations. The companies use B 2 B in order to achieve faster and error-free transactions, control and maintain limited inventory, efficient product refill etc. In order for companies and business partners to do B 2 B e-Commerce, they must develop cooperation and coordination. A B 2 B application usually involves many people in many corporate functions. Although most people are aware of Business-to-Consumer applications and a significant volume of business is moving from traditional to electronic media of selling, most of the e. Commerce conducted is still B 2 B. This happens because in B 2 B applications there are millions of transactions, vast investments and speed and accuracy may form a serious competitive advantage. 2. 42 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
Business-to-Business (B 2 B) • G 2 G (Government-to-Government), G 2 E (Government-to-Employee), G 2 B (Government-to-Business), B 2 G (Businessto-Government), G 2 C (Government-to. Citizen), C 2 G (Citizen-to-Government) are other forms of ecommerce that involve transactions with the government--from procurement to filing taxes to business registrations to renewing licenses. There are other categories of ecommerce out there, but they tend to be superfluous. 2. 43 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
digital certificate • - A digital certificate is an electronic "credit card" that establishes your credentials when doing business or other transactions on the Web. It is issued by a certification authority (CA). It contains your name, a serial number, expiration dates, a copy of the certificate holder's public key (used for encrypting messages and digital signatures), and the digital signature of the certificate-issuing authority so that a recipient can verify that the certificate is real. Some digital certificates conform to a standard, X. 509. Digital certificates can be kept in registries so that authenticating users can look up other users' public keys. 2. 44 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
certificate authority • (CA also stands for conditional access, a term used in DTV. ) A certificate authority (CA) is an authority in a network that issues and manages security credentials and public keys for message encryption. As part of a public key infrastructure (PKI), a CA checks with a registration authority (RA) to verify information provided by the requestor of a digital certificate. If the RA verifies the requestor's information, the CA can then issue a certificate. • Depending on the public key infrastructure implementation, the certificate includes the owner's public key, the expiration date of the certificate, the owner's name, and other information about the public key owner. 2. 45 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
public key • In cryptography, a public key is a value provided by some designated authority as an encryption key that, combined with a private key derived from the public key, can be used to effectively encrypt messages and digital signatures. The use of combined public and private keys is known as asymmetric cryptography. A system for using public keys is called a public key infrastructure (© 2002). Prentice Hall PKI by 2. 46
encryption • Encryption is the conversion of data into a form, called a cipher text, that cannot be easily understood by unauthorized people. Decryption is the process of converting encrypted data back into its original form, so it can be understood. 2. 47 © 2002 by Prentice Hall