Driving your Grid destiny Benoit Fleury VP Product

Driving your Grid destiny Benoit Fleury VP, Product Management and Marketing April 9 th, 2003 Proprietary and Confidential

Agenda • Ceyba: The company • The Grid Environment • Bandwidth Trends • New Optical Directions • Driving your Grid Destiny 2 Proprietary and Confidential

Ceyba: The company Unique long-haul solution Optical equipment vendor World class team 3 Proprietary and Confidential

Agenda • Ceyba: The company • The Grid Environment • Bandwidth Trends • New Optical Directions • Driving your Grid Destiny 4 Proprietary and Confidential

Bridging the gaps • Terascale scientific applications • astronomy, physics, genomic, meteorology …. • Applications need geographically separated resources • compute, data/storage and instrumentation intensive • With inadequate bandwidth, scientists either need their own massive resources, or must travel to other resource sites • Grid must couple and integrate geographically separated computing, storage and instrumentation resources • Optical bandwidth is an enabling technology for the Grid Optics overcome the ‘tyranny of distance’ 5 Proprietary and Confidential

Key Grid communication requirements High capacity ‘back-plane’ Operational simplicity Ø ‘Self-running’ infrastructure: auto-discovery of network resources, auto power balancing, integrated diagnostics User control Ø End-user ability to reconfigure network capacity and connectivity Ø Scheduled and partitioned network capacity for user separation and security Data centric 6 Ø Terabit capacity, easily added incremental capacity, low latency Ø Transport native Ethernet traffic and any other data protocols in a transparent manner Proprietary and Confidential

Agenda • Ceyba: The company • The Grid Environment • Bandwidth Trends • New Optical Directions • Driving your Grid Destiny 7 Proprietary and Confidential

Staying ahead of bandwidth demand Interface rates and transport system capacity Gb/s 10000 1000 Transport system capacity * 100 10 1 1975 0. 1 0. 001 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 LAN interface rates ** TDM interface rates ** Optical capacity… no limits * Ref: adapted from: Nortel NFOEC 2002 paper B. 5. 2 & presentation chart, RHK NFOEC 2002 presentation chart for paper F. 8. 1, Bell Labs-Lucent IEEE Com. Mag. Paper Dec. 2002, p. 75 ** Ref: adapted from: Nortel NFOEC 2002 paper B. 5. 2 & presentation chart 8 Proprietary and Confidential

Keeping up with the Moore’s Resource amount Optical amplifiers give huge boost to core capacity 1. E+10 1. E+09 Transport system bandwidth (kb/s) * 65% av. growth per year Doubles every 17 mths 1. E+08 Storage density (bits/cm^2) ** 39% av. growth per year Doubles every 25 mths 1. E+07 1. E+06 Processor density (transistors/chip) ** 39% av. growth per year Doubles every 25 mths 1. E+05 1. E+04 1. E+03 1. E+02 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 Bandwidth keeps pace with Grid technologies * Ref: adapted from: Nortel NFOEC 2002 paper B. 5. 2 & presentation chart, RHK NFOEC 2002 presentation chart for paper F. 8. 1, Bell Labs-Lucent IEEE Com. Mag. Paper Dec. 2002, p. 75 ** Ref: IBM & Intel, in IEEE Spectrum, Aug. 2002, pp. 38 9 Proprietary and Confidential

Agenda • Ceyba: The company • The Grid Environment • Bandwidth Trends • New Optical Directions • Driving your Grid Destiny 10 Proprietary and Confidential

New optical directions Existing core optical networks • Discrete, point to point WDM links • Regenerator intensive • SONET rings New-gen network differences • End to end connections (ULH) • Edge transponders only • Optical mesh Optical amplifiers Frequent regenerators 11 Proprietary and Confidential

Lowering connection cost Connection cost per Gbps*km versus distance Transponders Optics 13% 19% Regen every 500 km Relative Cost per Gbps*km Cost breakdown Regens up to 68% No regens Transponders 50% Regens 0% 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 Connection length (km) Motivation to eliminate regenerators 12 Proprietary and Confidential Optics 50%

Rapid bandwidth additions Existing point-to-point networking Regenerator intensive New Gen networking = client transponder = regenerator = amplifier regenerator sites Streamlined core – less inventory & maintenance Simpler operations, faster provisioning 13 Proprietary and Confidential

“Virtual fiber” networks Los Angeles Denver Chicago Boston • Scheduled and partitioned network capacity • User separation and security San Diego Dallas Direct, dedicated connections via optical bypass 14 Proprietary and Confidential

End-user network control Electronics (transponders) now mainly at user sites Easy to add new capacity, rapid wavelength turn-up, network reconfiguration Inherent ‘hard’/secure partition of network to different sites and users A band of wavelengths per site, a wavelength per user User owned and operated circuits Greater user choice: Carrier or 3 rd party owned and operated common infrastructure Empowering users, promoting innovation 15 Proprietary and Confidential

Data centric P q Rate transparency § 1 G, 2. 5 G, 10 G, 40 G, 100 G, etc. P q Protocol/Service transparency § Ethernet, FICON, ESCON, SONET/SDH, etc. § 1 GE, 10 GE LAN PHY native support P q Control-plane transparency § clear channels for user control plane signaling across the network Future proofing the network 16 Proprietary and Confidential

Agenda • Ceyba: The company • The Grid Environment • Bandwidth Trends • New Optical Directions • Driving your Grid Destiny 17 Proprietary and Confidential

Implementation options Carrier leased services Hybrid network Buy/lease Private optical network Build/own Carrier maintains network Own core network, and services leasing BW where cost prohibitive to build ü Lower initial cost ü Limited staffing requirement ü O-VPNs allow visibility into status & performance of services 18 Network built on dark fiber ü Economic flexibility – incremental wavelengths are inexpensive ü Fast network reconfiguration ü Keep pace with technological advances ü Ability to outsource different levels of management/ maintenance ü Ability to expand network sooner with lease option Proprietary and Confidential

Back to the future Rise of private data networks in 1980 s Enablers: ü Availability of leased T 1 private lines ü T 1 data multiplexing gear, and network management software Enablers ü Availability of dark fiber ü Substantial price reduction of optical equipment ü Enterprise targeted operations Drivers: ü Expanded use of PCs and LANs ü Cost ü Control, security 19 Private optical networks Drivers ü Shift to data applications ü Cost ü Institutional control Proprietary and Confidential

The bottom line Optical technology keeping pace New optics ideally suited for Grids New implementation options 20 Proprietary and Confidential

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