Dragon Space China in Space m Wan Hu

Dragon Space China in Space m Wan Hu to Yang Li by Ben J. Huset Oct 14, 2003 Post Launch edition www. MNSFS. org

Dragon Space Past Present Future www. MNSFS. org 2

Fire Arrows 100 AD www. MNSFS. org 3

1232 AD Battle of Kai-Keng Chinese defeat Mongols www. MNSFS. org 4

1500 AD Wan Hu Artist Politician Explorer - 1 chair - 2 kites - 47 fire arrows There was a large cloud of smoke… and Wan Hu was gone… There is Lunar crater named after him www. MNSFS. org 5

Farther of Chinese Rocketry l Tsien Hsue-shen (Qian Xuesen) Profession: Engineer. Marital Status: Married. Children: Two. Birth Date: 11 December 1911. Birth City: Hangzhou. Birth Country: China. Nationality: Chinese. Degree: Ph. D. , Caltech, 1939 www. MNSFS. org 6

1911 -1956 1911 - December 11 Born in Hangzhou, China 1935 - Aug 15 - Leaves China to study at MIT 1936 - Sep 1 - Enters Cal. Tech 1937 - Helped founding of the Jet Propulsion Lab 1945 - Project Lusty – US military scientists go in Germany, interviewed Von. Braun 1947 – Married Chinese General’s Daughter 1949 - Applied to become a US citizen 1950 - June 6, FBI pulled clearances, house arrest 1955 - Sep 17 - Tsien Hsue-shen deported from U. S. 1956 - Feb 17 - Plan for missile development proposed www. MNSFS. org 7

1960 - current 1960 – Sept Launch R-2 Dec Launch DF-1 1968 - Founded the Space Flight Medical Research Center 1970 – Launch DFH-1 1978 – Proposed winged spaceship 1991 – Awarded State Scientist of Outstanding Contribution Currently retired www. MNSFS. org 8

R-2/DF-1 Rocket Soviet/China Agreement Signed 12/6/1957 l Soviet Built R 2 launched Sept. 1960 l 1 st Chinese built DF 1 launched Nov. 5, 1960 l A Chinese built copy of a Russian copy, of a German V 2 l www. MNSFS. org 9

DF-1 Rocket (Mission 581) l Dong Feng-1 rocket – – – – – Payload 1350 / 508 kg. Core Dia 1. 65 m Total length 17. 60 m Range 550 km Maximum altitude 171 km. Time of flight 7. 5 min Max velocity at burnout 2175 m/s. Accuracy 8 km in range, 4 km laterally. www. MNSFS. org 10

Dong fang hong 1 l DFH-1 1970 -34 A NORAD#4382 – – – – – (East is Red) Launched April 24, 1970 9: 35 pm Perigee: 434 km. Apogee: 2, 162 km. Today Perigee: 432 km. Apogee: 2, 085 km. Period : 110. 7 min Inclination: 68. 4 deg. Weight 173 kg. 1 meter in diameter 1. 1980 RCS Design life : 15 days Broadcast song ‘East is Red’ on 20. 009 MHz CZ-1(Chang zheng) [Long March] 1 rocket Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center www. MNSFS. org 11

East is Red The East is red, the sun has risen! China has produced Mao Zedong! He works for the people's happiness, he is the people's savior. www. MNSFS. org 12

Fanhui Shi Weixing (FSW) • Fanhui Shi Weixing (recoverable test satellite) Photo recon. (Spy satellites) • First Launched in Nov 1975 on Long March 2 C • Last launched in October 1996 • Oak heat shield www. MNSFS. org 13

Shuguang 1 (Dawn-1) Project 714 • 1966 -1980 Dong Xiaohai Fang Guojun • Total Length: 4. 60 m • Maximum Diameter: 2. 20 m. Wang Zhiyue Yu Guilin • Mass: 1, 800 kg. • CZ-2 booster • 1 st Flight target 1973 • Team dissolved in 1972 after failed overthrow of Mao Zedong by Lin Biao and managers purged. www. MNSFS. org Lu Xiangxiao 14

Shuguang 1 (Dawn-1) Project 714 d e ll e c n a C www. MNSFS. org 15

CNSA China National Space Administration –http: //www. cnsa. gov. cn/main_e. asp Signs governmental agreements in the space area on behalf of organizations , inter-governmental scientific and technical exchanges; and also being in charge of the enforcement of national space policies and managing the national space science, technology and industry. Luan Enjie, Administrator of CNSA www. MNSFS. org 16

CALT http: //www. calt. com. cn/new/english/ China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology (CALT), headquartered in Beijing, has been the leading launch vehicle manufacture in China since its establishment in 1957. CALT is also one of the major launch service providers in the world. The Long March launch vehicles, designed and manufactured by CALT, can send various payloads to Low Earth Orbit (LEO), Sunsynchronous Orbit (SSO) and Geo-synchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO) with low cost and high reliability. – 12 Research Institutes – 5 Factories – 22, 000 People –President: Yansheng Wu www. MNSFS. org 17

CSIC –http: //www. casic. com. cn/docc-e/jie-shao/jianjie. asp Under the direct administration of the State Council, China. Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation is one of the biggest enterprises solely owned by the state. Within CASIC, four divisions have been established, including six large-scale President academies, over 180 enterprises and institutions with nearly Xia Guohong　　 100. 000 employees in total, among which 40 percent are technicians and engineers of different specialties. Taking missile weapon system as its foundation, CASIC also lays great emphasis on the development of information technology for military and civil purposes, satellite exploration and application, energy, environmental protection and equipment complex, etc www. MNSFS. org 18

CASC http: //www. spacechina. com/espace/ The China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CASC) evolved from the former China Aerospace Corporation encompassing some of its organizations. With the approval of the State Council, on 01 July 1999, in an effort to become more competitive the Chinese government reformed the top ten Defense and Technology Corporations. These corporations, including the former China Aerospace Corporation, are all large State Owned Enterprises(SOE's) under direct supervision of the State Council. The former China Aerospace Corporation, with some 270, 000 employees, was divided into the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CASC) and the China Aerospace Machinery and Electronics Corporation (CAMEC), presumably with about 150, 000 employees. The S&T Corporation has adopted CALT, the Fourth Academy, CAST, 062 Base, and 067 Base. The Electro-mechanical Corporation has integrated the Second and Third Academies and the remaining bases. www. MNSFS. org 19

CGWIC http: //www. cgwic. com/index 1. html –China Great Wall Industry Corp. has been acting as the ties and bridges between the Chinese and global space community. For nearly 20 years, China Great Wall has been endeavoring to contribute to the peaceful utilization of space technology, and has especially played an important role in the development of satellite communication in the Asian-Pacific region. www. MNSFS. org 20

China Province Map www. MNSFS. org 21

China’s Launch Site Map www. MNSFS. org 22

Jiuquan Launch Center - Base 20 • Construction stared June 1956 • Gobi Desert in Gansu Province • Launches all recoverable satellites Lat: 41° 19’ N Long: 100° 19’ E Alt: 1, 000 m www. MNSFS. org 23

Jiuquan Corona image 1972 T E R C E S P O T www. MNSFS. org 24

Jiuquan Launch Center Oct. 4, 2003 © Space Imaging Ikonos Sat www. MNSFS. org 25

Jiuquan Launch Center Launch Pad Sept 29, 2003 © Space Imaging Ikonos Sat www. MNSFS. org 26

Jiuquan Launch Pad © Space Imaging Ikonos Sat www. MNSFS. org Oct 4, 2003 27

Jiuquan Launch Center 2 nd Launch Pad Oct 4, 2003 © Space Imaging Ikonos Sat www. MNSFS. org 28

Jiuquan Launch Center VATB Sept 29, 2003 © Space Imaging Ikonos Sat Vertical Assembly and Testing Building (VATB) www. MNSFS. org 29

Jiuquan Launch Center Oct 4, 2003 © Space Imaging Ikonos Sat Vertical Assembly and Testing Building (VATB) www. MNSFS. org 30

Jiuquan Launch Center www. MNSFS. org 31

Jiuquan Launch Center www. MNSFS. org 32

Jiuquan Launch Center Rollout www. MNSFS. org 33

Jiuquan Launch Center Building (VATB) Vertical Assembly and Testing. VATB Doors: Height : 74 meters (243 feet), Upper width : eight meters (26 feet) Lower width : 14 meters (46 feet) Gross weight : over 350 tons www. MNSFS. org 34

Beijing Control Center www. MNSFS. org 35

Xichang Launch Center • Latitude: 28° 15' N. • Longitude: 102° 01' E. • Altitude: 1, 800. 00 m • Opened in 1984 • Mountains of Sichuan Province • Designed to put geostationary satellites into orbit • Equipment to support a cryogenic upper stage. www. MNSFS. org 36

Xichang Launch Failure 1996 • CZ-2 E rocket explodes 22 sec after take-off of a Hughes-built comm. satellite. • Killing six people ? ? ? 59 injured Maybe more? ? • Western satellite insurers became nervous about the rocket’s reliability. • Western Satellite launches were snuffed when Congress charged U. S. companies with sharing militarily sensitive launch technology with China. • The Clinton administration cracked down on satellite exports to Chinese launch pads www. MNSFS. org 37

Taiyuan Launch Center - Base 25 37° 30'N 112° 36'E • Near the mountain city of Taiyuan in Shanxi Province • First launch: 1988. • Tests ICBM/SLBM missiles • Launches polar orbiting spacecraft. • Twelve Iridium satellites were launched here on six Long March rockets from 1997 through 1999. www. MNSFS. org 38

Haikou • Sounding rocket launch site. • Latitude: 19° 19' N. • Longitude: 109° 48' E. • 1 st launch 1988 Dec 19 www. MNSFS. org 39

Shijiedu Sub-orbital Launch Site. Latitude: 30° 57' N. Longitude: 119° 13' E. Sounding rocket launch site. In use from September 1960 – July 1966. www. MNSFS. org 40

Long March 1 CZ 1 www. MNSFS. org 41

Long March 2 CZ 2 www. MNSFS. org 42

Long March 3 CZ 3 www. MNSFS. org 43

Long March Rocket Family www. MNSFS. org 44

World Launchers www. MNSFS. org 45

Land Weather Sats Hong Kong FY-2 Feng-Yun-2 "Wind-Cloud" CBERS-1 www. MNSFS. org 46

Project 921 Shenzhou [Sacred Vessel] • Started in 1992 • Weight of 7800 kg (17, 000 lbs) • 8. 55 m (28 ft) long • Maximum diameter of 2. 8 m (9. 2 ft). • It is powered with four solar panels that generate a total of 1500 watts • 19 billion yuan ($2. 3 billion) a year ? ? www. MNSFS. org 47

Shenzhou vs Soyuz Shenzhou 2. 8 m in diameter 8. 8 m long Mass of 7, 600 kg. www. MNSFS. org Soyuz 2. 3 m in diameter 7. 9 m long Mass of 7, 300 kg 48

Map of Shenzhou sites www. MNSFS. org 49

Trajectory of Shenzhou www. MNSFS. org 50

Tracking of Shenzhou Yuan Wang (“Long View”) Swakopmund, Namibia Constructed in 2001 Staff 5 -20 www. MNSFS. org 51

Shenzhou Assembly www. MNSFS. org 52

Shenzhou Assembly www. MNSFS. org 53

Shenzhou Flight Sequence www. MNSFS. org 54

Shenzhou Launches I – Nov 21, 1999 6: 30 a. m II – Jan 9 -16, 2001 bad landing? III – Mar 25 -Apr-1, 2002 IV – Dec 29 -Jan-4, 2002/3 V – Oct 15, 2003 ? ? www. MNSFS. org 55

Shenzhou Shroud Separation www. MNSFS. org 56

Shenzhou On Orbit module separation www. MNSFS. org 57

Shenzhou Landing www. MNSFS. org 58

Shenzhou Landing www. MNSFS. org 59

Taikonauts (yuhangyuan) Wu Jie Li Qinglong Wu Jie and Li Qinglong Trained in Russia 1996 -97 www. MNSFS. org Autographs 60

People born in China who have flown in space: • William Anders, born in Hong Kong, orbited the moon in December 1968 on Apollo 8. • Shannon Lucid, born in Shanghai, holds the world record for a woman for time in space (over 223 days in space on 5 space flights). • Taylor Wang, physicist, also born in Shanghai, spent seven days in space aboard shuttle mission STS-51 -B in 1985. www. MNSFS. org 61

First Taikonaut in Space • Launch : Oct. 15, 2003 at 9 a. m. Beijing Time Oct. 14, 2003 at 8 p. m. CDT • Long March CZ-2 F rocket • Orbit Earth 14 times (21 hrs)? • Initial Perigee altitude is 200 km • Initial Apogee is 350 km. • It will then shift to a circular orbit with an altitude of 343 km. • 42. 4 deg incl. Yang Liwei www. MNSFS. org 62

Taikonauts List Chen Quan Fei Junlong Liu Buoming Nie Haishen Yang Liwei 1 st Zhang Xiaoguan Li Qinglong, (Russian Trained) Deng Qingming Jing Haipen Liu Wang Pan Zhanchun Zhai Zhigang Zhao Chuandong Wu Jie. • Experienced fighter pilots • About 5 feet, 8 inches tall • Weighing about 140 pounds. • 6+ yrs training for mission www. MNSFS. org 63

Taikonauts in Training www. MNSFS. org 64

Taikonauts in Training "They'll be able to eat shredded pork with garlic sauce and kungpao chicken, " "It will be more tasty than Western food. After the meal, green tea will be available to increase the astronaut's spirits. " -- China. com www. MNSFS. org 65

Taikonauts in Training Tracking camera Taikonaut quarters Spaceflight Memorial Tower of the Jiuquan Launch Center www. MNSFS. org 66

News • Live TV Launch coverage ? NOPE! • President Hu Jintao to attend • Former president Jiang Zemin to attend www. MNSFS. org 67

Yang Liwei’s Flight Family photo www. MNSFS. org 68

Yang Liwei’s Flight "I will not fail the expectations of all Chinese people and the motherland will try my best to make every part of the mission successful. " And you thought your driver’s photo was bad www. MNSFS. org I hope I don’t need those pieces. 69

NORAD info Space Objects Box Score Peoples Rep. of China On Orbit as of 9 -30 -2003 Payloads = 37 Debris = 277 Total = 314 Decayed as of 9 -30 -2003 Payloads = 40 Debris = 275 Total = 315 www. MNSFS. org 70

Future Plans www. MNSFS. org 71

China Space Schedule www. MNSFS. org 72

2000 White paper In the 21 st century, China will continue to promote the development of its space industry in the light of its national situation, and make due contributions to the peaceful use of outer space, and to the civilization and progress of mankind… …The aims of China's space activities are: to explore outer space, and learn more about the cosmos and the Earth; to utilize outer space for peaceful purposes, promote mankind's civilization and social progress, and benefit the whole of mankind; and to meet the growing demands of economic construction, national security, science and technology development and social progress, protect China's national interests and build up the comprehensive national strength. . . --Information Office of the State Council www. MNSFS. org 11 -22 -2000 73

Space Station 921 -2 2012 ? Total Length: 11. 00 m. Maximum Diameter: 4. 50 m. Total Mass: 20, 000 kg. Electrical System: Two solar panels, ca. 4 m x 15 m each. www. MNSFS. org 74

Space Shuttle 921 -3 wingspan of 8 m length of 12 m mass of 12 tonnes 201? ? www. MNSFS. org 75

China on the Moon Chang'e 2010 -2020+ ? ? www. MNSFS. org 76

Related Web Sites l Go Taikonauts! – http: //www. geocities/. com/Cape. Canaveral Launchpad/1921/ l China Academy of Launch Vehicle Tech – http: //www. calt. com. cn/ l CHINA GREAT WALL INDUSTRY CORPORATION – http: //www. cgwic. com l China National Space Admin – http: //www. cnsa. gov. cn/main_e. asp l Federation of American Scientists – http: //www. fas. org/spp/guide/china/ www. MNSFS. org 77

Thanks to … l l l Mark Wade Chen Lan Jim Oberg Sven Grahn Yang Liwei Wan Hu www. MNSFS. org 78

The End www. MNSFS. org 79